Job description for a hand-forged blacksmith. Work instructions for a hand-forged blacksmith (5th category) Safety requirements in emergency situations

These labor safety instructions have been developed specifically for hand-forged blacksmiths.

1. GENERAL OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

1.1. Persons at least 18 years of age who have undergone appropriate training or have practical skills in this specialty and have mastered safe work techniques are allowed to work as a hand-forged blacksmith (hereinafter referred to as a blacksmith).
1.2. Before admission to independent work a blacksmith must undergo mandatory preliminary (upon entry to work), and subsequently periodic (during employment) medical examinations (examinations) to be recognized as fit to perform work in the manner established by the Ministry of Health of Russia, introductory briefing on labor protection, industrial sanitation and fire safety, initial instruction on labor protection directly at the workplace with subsequent registration of admission. Repeated training on labor safety is carried out for the blacksmith at least once every three months.
1.3. In addition to instruction, no later than 1 month from the date of admission to the staff, the blacksmith must be trained in safe methods and techniques of work. After training, and then annually, the blacksmith undergoes a test of knowledge of the specified methods and techniques of work in a commission chaired by the chief engineer. Knowledge testing is documented.
1.4. The blacksmith is obliged:
— comply with the requirements of this instruction and instructions on fire safety measures;
— comply with internal labor regulations, remember personal responsibility for compliance with labor safety rules;
- know the operating principle and design of the equipment, tools used, and work technology;
- use the issued special clothing, safety shoes and other equipment personal protection;
- be able to competently provide first aid to a victim in an accident;
- know the location of first aid equipment for victims, primary fire extinguishing equipment, evacuation routes in case of an accident, natural disaster or fire;
- do not show up at work and do not start work while intoxicated, and do not bring alcohol with you or drink alcoholic beverages at the workplace;
— take measures to eliminate violations of labor safety rules, immediately report these violations to the work manager;
— observe the work and rest schedule;
- perform only the work for which you have been instructed and authorized by the responsible workshop manager;
— do not follow orders if they contradict labor safety rules;
— do not allow unauthorized persons to be present at the workplace;
- contain workplace during the working day in a clean and orderly manner;
— use equipment and mechanisms for their intended purpose during work, in accordance with the instructions of the manufacturers;
- do not turn on or stop (except in emergency cases) machines and mechanisms, the work of which is not authorized by the workshop management;
— be careful while working and avoid violating labor safety requirements.
1.5. A blacksmith may be exposed to the following hazardous and harmful production factors, including:
— equipment, tools and devices;
- hot metal;
— increased air temperature in the working area;
— insufficient illumination of the working area;
— elevated levels noise;
- gases;
— falling objects;
- fire and explosion hazards, etc.
1.6. To reduce the impact of hazardous and harmful production factors, the blacksmith must be provided with special clothing and footwear in accordance with the Standards: a cotton suit with fire retardant impregnation - for 12 months, leather boots - 1 pair for 12 months, a canvas apron with a bib - 2 pcs. for 12 months, canvas mittens - 12 pairs for 12 months, jacket with insulating lining - for 30 months, combined mittens - 12 pairs for 12 months, as well as other personal protective equipment (helmet, safety glasses, noise-protection headphones and etc.); necessary working hand and power tools; first aid kit; other conditions necessary to comply with the requirements of these instructions.
1.7. If there is a risk of fire, immediately inform management, and if necessary, call the fire brigade by calling 101 and take all necessary measures to eliminate the fire, save materials, equipment and other valuable property.
1.8. In the event of an accident, provide first aid to the victim, call an ambulance by calling 103, immediately report the incident to the workshop administration and take measures to preserve the situation to investigate the circumstances in which the accident occurred, unless this threatens the life and health of others and does not lead to accidents.
1.9. The blacksmith is obliged to immediately notify his immediate or superior work manager about any situation that threatens the lives of people, about every accident that occurs at work, or about a deterioration in his health, incl. the appearance of an acute occupational disease (poisoning).
1.10. For drinking, use only water and carbonators, drinking fountains or drinking tanks.
1.11. You should eat food in specially equipped rooms.
1.12. When moving around the plant territory, the blacksmith is obliged to:
- walk only on pedestrian paths and sidewalks;
— be attentive to moving vehicles;
— when leaving the building, make sure that there is no traffic moving nearby;
- enter production buildings and premises only through places specially equipped for this purpose. DO NOT use technological gates;
— cross railway tracks only in designated places;
— do not crawl under railway cars standing on the tracks;
— be attentive to potholes and ice on the roads and avoid them.
1.13. To enter and exit the plant territory, use equipped stationary checkpoints (checkpoints). It is prohibited to climb over the fence or holes in it.
1.14. The blacksmith, while on the territory of the plant workshops, must comply with the following requirements:
- walk only along designated passages and walkways;
- do not sit or lean on random objects and fences;
- do not go up or down flights of stairs;
— do not be in the area of ​​operation of lifting machines and stand under the load;
— do not look at the electric welding arc without protective equipment;
- don't touch electrical wires and cables;
— pay attention to safety signs and comply with their requirements.
1.15. For violation of the requirements of this labor protection instruction, the blacksmith bears disciplinary, administrative and financial liability, and in some cases, criminal liability in the manner prescribed by law. Russian Federation depending on the severity of the consequences.

2. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS BEFORE STARTING WORK

2.1. Inspect and put on overalls, safety shoes and other personal protective equipment of the established type (depending on the conditions and nature of the work performed). Button or tie the cuffs of the sleeves, tuck in the clothes so that there are no flapping ends, and tuck the hair under a tight-fitting headdress. The jacket should cover the waist part of the trousers, and the trousers should top part boot. Do not work without gloves or a canvas apron, do not pin your clothes with pins or needles, and do not keep sharp, breakable objects in your clothing pockets.
2.2. Receive a task to complete the work from the work manager.
2.3. Check your workplace:
— serviceability of equipment (anvils, heating devices, air ducts, etc.), take measures to eliminate noticed deficiencies. The anvil must be securely mounted on a wooden stand, reinforced with an iron hoop, and stand stably with its working surface (platband) in a horizontal position;
— dimensions of approaches and passages to the workplace. Remove from under your feet anything that may interfere with the work or create additional danger;
— install the shields required during operation (on the side of passages and in other places) to protect others from possible damage from flying scale or metal particles, as well as screens from the harmful thermal effects of heating devices;
— check the presence of clean water in the tool cooling tank;
— clean the working surface of the anvil from scale, oil, water or other possible contaminants, wipe wet or oily tools with a rag;
— check the serviceability and efficiency of local exhaust ventilation;
— sufficiency of illumination of the workplace (illumination should be sufficient, but the light should not blind the eyes);
- the serviceability of the tools and devices necessary for work and arrange them in a convenient order for work;
- test the anvil for sound by hitting it with a hammer; if it is intact, the blow of the hammer makes a ringing and clear sound.
2.4. When igniting open forge First, lower the shields (folding) of the umbrella, light the forge, turn on the local suction and general ventilation. When the coal flares up, raise the umbrella shields and securely secure them in the non-working position.
2.5. Keep the floor in the workplace level and dry (non-slip), clean it in a timely manner and do not clutter it with workpieces, waste and other items.
2.6. In case of incomplete provision of protective equipment or their absence, as well as in case of failure to ensure safe working conditions, the blacksmith is prohibited from starting the task until the complete provision of protective equipment and safe and healthy working conditions.
2.7. Detected violations of safety requirements must be eliminated before work begins.

3. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS DURING WORK

3.1. The blacksmith is obliged to correctly use the personal protective equipment issued to him during work. When working, be sure to use safety glasses with safety glasses.
3.2. While working, you must be attentive and careful, not be distracted by extraneous matters and conversations, and not distract others from work. Do not allow persons unrelated to the work performed to enter the workplace.
3.3. Maintain labor and technological discipline, refrain from actions that interfere with other workers’ ability to perform them job responsibilities, help eliminate the causes that interfere with normal operation.
3.4. Maintain order in your workplace, clear it of garbage and production waste.
3.5. The blacksmith must perform only the work that is entrusted to him by the work manager.
3.6. To protect against harmful effects thermal radiation, use the available protective equipment of heating devices correctly, turn them on in a timely manner and monitor their proper operation.
3.7. Observe the temperature range for forging blanks established by the technological documentation. Forging metal that has been burned or cooled below 800 0C is prohibited, as it can cause accidents.
3.8. Warm up tools that are subject to impact before use, and cool tools that become very hot during use in a tank of clean water and then dry them.
3.9. Remove scale and debris from the anvil using special means - brushes or scrapers. It is allowed to use an air blower to remove scale from the anvil only when the scale is collected in a special container through a sealed air duct.
3.10. Place the workpiece on the anvil so that it fits snugly against it (check this by lightly hitting the workpiece with a hammer).
3.11. To lift and move short and heavy workpieces manually to the anvil, use self-clamping (blank) pliers with spread shanks. These operations should be carried out only by two people; the feed to the anvil should be carried out at the command of the elder.
3.12. When striking, keep the handles of the instrument only to the side of you, and not in front of you, so that there is no “recoil” from blows to the stomach or chest. Select pliers for holding forgings by size so that when gripping the forgings, the gap between the plier handles is at least 45 mm.
3.13. Apply blows only to the forging area, do not allow blows to pliers, tool handles, etc.
3.14. Do not allow idle blows with a sledgehammer on the anvil; the end of forging is done with the command “stop”, and not by removing the forging from the anvil. The assistant should carry out the command “hit” only when the blacksmith gives it. Follow the “stop” command immediately, no matter who it comes from.
3.15. Apply any tool to a forging or change its position only after warning the assistant.
3.16. When chopping metal, place the ax or blacksmith chisel strictly vertically (at the initial moment).
3.17. Place the workpiece only in the middle of the anvil and so that it fits snugly against it.
3.18. Make the first blows when forging and the last blows when chopping weak. Before the last blow when chopping, turn the forging over 1800 and place the cut place on the edge of the anvil.
3.19. Before striking the first blow with a sledgehammer, make sure that no one will be hit by it when swinging. Strike directly with all strikers.
3.20. When driving wedges into the handles of sledgehammers and hammers, hold the wedge with pliers and not with your hand.
3.21. When repairing chains, making hooks and rings for them, use certified material.
3.22. Stay at a safe distance from the lifted load (in case it falls).
3.23. Do not take used tools with unprotected hands and do not touch metal (blanks, forgings, stumps) without first checking its temperature.
3.24. Do not feed workpieces from the furnace to the anvil or move workpieces (forgings) from place to place by throwing them, as this leads to injury.
3.25. Place blanks, waste, forgings in containers, on racks and in stacks, without violating the established loading standards and dimensions of aisles and driveways.

4. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS IN EMERGENCIES

4.1. In the event of a fire, you must immediately disconnect the equipment from the power supply, report the incident to management and begin to eliminate the source of the fire. If necessary, call the fire brigade by calling 101.
4.2. In the event of an emergency, a danger to your health or the health of others, you should immediately stop work, turn off the power, fence off the dangerous area, leave the dangerous area and keep unauthorized persons away. Report the danger to your immediate supervisor.
4.3. In all cases, it is necessary to follow the instructions of the head of the work to eliminate the consequences of the accident.
4.4. In the event of an accident, provide first aid to the victim, immediately report the incident to management and take measures to preserve the situation to investigate the circumstances under which the accident occurred, unless this threatens the life and health of others and does not lead to an accident. If necessary, call an ambulance by calling 103.
4.5. First aid for injury.
— To provide first aid for a wound, you must open the individual package, apply a sterile dressing that is placed on the wound, and tie it with a bandage.
— If somehow there is no individual package, then for bandaging you need to use a clean handkerchief, a clean linen rag, etc. It is advisable to drip a few drops of iodine tincture onto a rag that is applied directly to the wound to get a spot larger than the wound, then apply the rag to the wound. It is especially important to use iodine tincture in this manner on contaminated wounds.
4.6. First aid for fractures, dislocations, impacts.
— In case of fractures and dislocations of the limbs, it is necessary to strengthen the damaged limb with a splint, plywood plate, stick, cardboard or other similar object. The injured arm can also be suspended with a sling or scarf around the neck and bandaged to the body.
— In case of a skull fracture (unconsciousness after a blow to the head, bleeding from the ears or mouth), it is necessary to apply a cold object to the head (a heating pad with ice, snow or cold water) or make a cold lotion.
— If a spinal fracture is suspected, it is necessary to place the victim on a board without lifting him, turn the victim on his stomach, face down, while making sure that the torso does not bend in order to avoid damage to the spinal cord.
— If the ribs are fractured, a sign of which is pain when breathing, coughing, sneezing, or moving, it is necessary to tightly bandage the chest or pull them together with a towel while exhaling.
4.7. First aid for thermal burns.
— In case of burns from fire, steam, or hot objects, in no case should you open the resulting blisters and bandage the burns.
— For first-degree burns (redness), the burned area is treated with cotton wool moistened ethyl alcohol.
— For second-degree burns (blisters), the burned area is treated with ethyl alcohol or a 3% manganese solution.
— For third-degree burns (destruction of skin tissue), cover the wound with a sterile bandage and call a doctor.
4.8. First aid for bleeding.
- In order to stop bleeding you need to:
- Raise the wounded limb upward.
- Cover the wound with dressing material (from a bag), folded into a ball, press it on top, without touching the wound itself, hold for 4-5 minutes. If the bleeding has stopped, without removing the applied material, place another pad from another bag or a piece of cotton wool on top of it and bandage the wounded area (with some pressure).
— In case of severe bleeding that cannot be stopped with a bandage, compression of the blood vessels that supply the wounded area is used by bending the limb at the joints, as well as with fingers, a tourniquet or a clamp. In case of severe bleeding, you should urgently call a doctor.
4.9. First aid for electric shock.
— In case of electric shock, it is necessary to immediately release the victim from the action electric current, disconnecting the electrical installation from the power source, and if it is impossible to disconnect, pull it away from the conductive parts by clothing or using improvised insulating material.
- If the victim has no breathing or pulse, it is necessary to give him artificial respiration and indirect (external) heart massage, paying attention to the pupils. Dilated pupils indicate a sharp deterioration in blood circulation to the brain. In this condition, revival must begin immediately, and then call an ambulance medical care.

5. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS AFTER WORK COMPLETION

5.1. Stop the operation of heating devices and equipment by turning them off in the prescribed manner.
5.2. Turn off the ventilation.
5.3. Clean up the work area by placing waste and forgings in designated areas, clearing the hammer and adjacent areas of the floor from scale.
5.4. Wipe the working tools with a rag (rags) and place them neatly in the designated places on racks, shelves, and cabinets.
5.5. To avoid spontaneous combustion of oiled rags and rags, they must be collected in a special metal box.
5.6. Report to the work manager about all shortcomings that occurred during work.
5.7. Take off overalls, safety shoes and other personal protective equipment and put them in a specially designated storage area.
5.8. Wash your face and hands with warm water and soap or take a shower.

Thanks to Vitaly for these instructions! =)

I CONFIRM:

________________________

[Job Title]

________________________

________________________

[Name of organization]

________________/[F.I.O.]/

"____" ____________ 20__

JOB DESCRIPTION

Hand-forged blacksmith of the 3rd category

1. General provisions

1.1. Real job description defines and regulates the powers, functional and job responsibilities, rights and responsibilities of a hand-forged blacksmith of the 3rd category [Name of the organization in the genitive case] (hereinafter referred to as the Company).

1.2. A hand-forged blacksmith of the 3rd category is appointed to the position and dismissed from the position in the manner established by the current labor legislation by order of the head of the Company.

1.3. A hand-forged blacksmith of the 3rd category belongs to the category of workers and reports directly to [name of the position of the immediate supervisor in the dative case] of the Company.

1.4. A hand-forged blacksmith of the 3rd category is responsible for:

  • timely and high-quality performance of tasks as intended;
  • compliance with performance and labor discipline;
  • compliance with labor safety measures, maintaining order, compliance with fire safety rules in the assigned work area (workplace).

1.5. A person with secondary education is appointed to the position of hand-forged blacksmith of the 3rd category. vocational education in this specialty and work experience of at least 1 year.

1.6. In practical activities, a hand-forged blacksmith of the 3rd category must be guided by:

  • local acts and organizational and administrative documents of the Company;
  • internal labor regulations;
  • rules of labor protection and safety, ensuring industrial sanitation and fire protection;
  • instructions, orders, decisions and instructions from the immediate supervisor;
  • this job description.

1.7. A hand-forged blacksmith of the 3rd category must know:

  • installation of blower units;
  • forging properties of base metals;
  • methods of bending various spring sheets made of steel of various grades;
  • rules and techniques of forge welding, dimensions of processing allowances and tolerances for forgings;
  • elementary methods of calculating the mass of material required for the simplest forgings;
  • heating mode and forging temperature of steel of various grades;
  • techniques and sequence of forging transitions;
  • horse shoeing rules;
  • types of horseshoes;
  • purpose and conditions of use of control and measuring instruments.

1.8. During the period of temporary absence of a hand-forged blacksmith of the 3rd category, his duties are assigned to [name of the deputy position].

2. Job responsibilities

A hand-forged blacksmith of the 3rd category performs the following labor functions:

2.1. Hand forging according to sketches, templates and samples of parts of medium complexity with fine surface finishing and precise adherence to dimensions.

2.2. Bending, pulling, flanging and landing of medium complexity products of various configurations from sheet metal thickness from 5 to 8 millimeters according to drawings and templates.

2.3. Hot fitting of spring clamps onto springs with up to 10 sheets in a set, with straightening and checking with a square.

2.4. Straightening of stamped sheet metal parts without necks in a hot and cold state, checking against drawings and a template.

2.5. Making tools necessary for blacksmithing.

2.6. Work as an assistant to a more highly qualified blacksmith when forging complex parts with fine surface finishing, as well as when bending spring leaves.

In case of official necessity, a hand-forged blacksmith of the 3rd category may be involved in performing duties overtime, in the manner prescribed by law.

3. Rights

A hand-forged blacksmith of the 3rd category has the right:

3.1. Get acquainted with the draft decisions of the enterprise management concerning its activities.

3.2. Submit proposals for improvement of work related to the responsibilities provided for by this job description for management's consideration.

3.3. Inform your immediate supervisor about any issues identified during the execution of your duties. job responsibilities shortcomings in production activities enterprise (its structural divisions) and make proposals for their elimination.

3.4. Request personally or on behalf of the immediate supervisor from heads of departments of the enterprise and specialists information and documents necessary to perform their job duties.

3.5. Involve specialists from all (individual) structural divisions of the Company in solving the tasks assigned to him (if this is provided for by the regulations on structural divisions, if not, with the permission of the head of the Company).

3.6. Require the management of the enterprise to provide assistance in the performance of their official duties and rights.

4. Responsibility and performance evaluation

4.1. A hand-forged blacksmith of the 3rd category bears administrative, disciplinary and material (and in some cases provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation, criminal) responsibility for:

4.1.1. Failure to carry out or improperly carry out official instructions from the immediate supervisor.

4.1.2. Failure to perform or improper performance of one's job functions and assigned tasks.

4.1.3. Misuse granted official powers, as well as their use for personal purposes.

4.1.4. Inaccurate information about the status of the work assigned to him.

4.1.5. Failure to take measures to suppress identified violations of safety regulations, fire safety and other rules that pose a threat to the activities of the enterprise and its employees.

4.1.6. Failure to ensure compliance with labor discipline.

4.2. The assessment of the work of a hand-forged blacksmith of the 3rd category is carried out:

4.2.1. By the immediate supervisor - regularly, in the course of the employee’s daily performance of his labor functions.

4.2.2. The certification commission of the enterprise - periodically, but at least once every two years, based on documented results of work for the evaluation period.

4.3. The main criterion for assessing the work of a hand-forged blacksmith of the 3rd category is the quality, completeness and timeliness of his performance of the tasks provided for in these instructions.

5. Working conditions

5.1. The working hours of a hand-forged blacksmith of the 3rd category are determined in accordance with the internal labor regulations established by the Company.

5.2. Due to production needs, a hand-forged blacksmith of the 3rd category is required to go on business trips (including local ones).

I have read the instructions on __________/___________/“____” _______ 20__.

Standard labor protection instructions for hand-forged blacksmiths

TOI R-218-38-94

Approved

Federal Highway Department

General safety requirements

1. Persons who are at least 18 years old, recognized as fit for this work by a medical commission, who have passed special training safe methods and techniques for performing work and having a qualification certificate.

2. A hand-forged blacksmith entering work is allowed to work only after he has completed an introductory briefing on labor safety, environmental requirements and initial briefing at the workplace, about which entries must be made in the appropriate journals with the obligatory signature of the person being instructed and the person instructing.

3. Periodic testing of a hand-forged blacksmith’s knowledge of labor safety should be carried out once every 12 months.

4. A hand-forged blacksmith must undergo repeated instruction at least once every 3 months.

5. If there is a change in safety requirements or working conditions (changes in the technological process, replacement of equipment, devices and tools, changes in other factors affecting labor safety), in case of violation of labor safety requirements that have led or may lead to injury, accident or fire, and also, during breaks in work of more than 30 calendar days, the hand-forged blacksmith must undergo unscheduled instruction. When registering an unscheduled briefing, the reason for it is indicated.

6. A hand-forged blacksmith must:

Follow the internal labor regulations and daily instructions of the foreman (foreman);

Remember personal responsibility for compliance with safety requirements during work and for the safety of fellow workers;

Use the issued protective clothing, safety footwear and other personal protective equipment;

Do not allow unauthorized persons to be present at the workplace;

Perform only the work for which you have been instructed and authorized by the foreman (foreman);

Do not follow orders: if they contradict the rules and requirements for labor protection;

Provide first aid to the injured person at work, take measures to eliminate violations of safety requirements;

Immediately report violations and cases of injury to the foreman (foreman).

Safety requirements before starting work

7. Before starting work, a hand-forged blacksmith should:

Put on and carefully tuck in overalls, prepare other special personal protective equipment. The jacket should cover the waist part of the trousers, and the trousers should cover the upper part of the boots; boots should have a smooth top and a metal toe. Do not work without gloves, an apron and headgear;

Check the serviceability of equipment (anvils, heating devices, air ducts, etc.), take measures to eliminate any noticed deficiencies. The anvil must be securely mounted on a wooden stand, reinforced with an iron hoop and stand stably with its working surface (platband) in a horizontal position;

Arrange tools at the workplace with maximum ease of use, avoiding the presence of unnecessary objects in the work area;

Install the shields required during work (on the side of passages and in other places) to protect others from possible damage from flying scale or metal particles, as well as screens from the harmful thermal effects of heating devices;

Check the presence of clean water in the tool cooling tank;

Clean the working surface of the anvil from scale, oil, water or other possible contaminants, wipe wet or oily tools with a rag;

Check the condition of general and local lighting; if any deficiencies are found, inform the technician;

Check the serviceability and efficiency of local exhaust ventilation.

8. When servicing a gas furnace, receive instructions on labor safety as provided for in the operating rules of the gas forge, observing the following general rules:

To avoid an explosion, do not test for the presence of gas in the atmosphere (furnace) with fire; do not smoke when lighting the forge;

When igniting the forge, first bring the lit torch to the mouth of the burner, and then slowly apply gas, after igniting the gas, also slowly apply air;

When stopping the forge, first turn off the gas supply to the burner, and then the air.

9. When igniting an open forge, first lower the shields (folding) of the umbrella, ignite the forge, turn on local suction and general ventilation. When the coal flares up, raise the umbrella shields and securely secure them in the non-working position.

10. Keep the floor at the workplace level and dry (not slippery), clean it in a timely manner and do not clutter it with workpieces, waste and other items.

11. If there are lifting mechanisms at the workplace, make sure that they are in full working order and check that there is a stencil on these devices indicating the registration number, lifting capacity, the date of subsequent testing (inspection), and on removable lifting devices the presence of tags certifying their lifting capacity and suitability for use. .

The lifting capacity of the slings must correspond to the weight of the load being lifted.

Chains should not have visible defects (cracks, caps, elongated links, wear of more than 10% of the diameter of the original metal, etc.).

Hooks, pliers, clamps and other load-handling devices must not have visible cracks, caps, broken threads of connecting bolts and nuts to them, as well as other defects.

Rope slings must be free of knots and loops and must be periodically discarded depending on the rope structure and the number of wire breaks along the length of one rope laying step.

Safety requirements during operation

12. While working, be sure to wear safety glasses with safety glasses or protective screens(masks).

When processing forgings heated to white heat, be sure to use glasses with a light filter.

13. To protect against the harmful effects of thermal radiation, correctly use the available protective equipment for heating devices, turn them on in a timely manner and monitor their proper operation.

14. Observe the temperature range for forging blanks established by the technological documentation. Forging metal that has been burned or cooled below 800°C is prohibited, as it can cause accidents.

15. Warm up tools that are subject to impact before use, and cool tools that become very hot during operation in a tank of clean water and then dry them.

16. Remove scale and debris from the anvil using special means - brushes or scrapers. It is allowed to use an air blower to remove scale from the anvil only when the scale is collected in a special container through a sealed air duct.

17. Place the workpiece on the anvil so that it fits snugly against it (check this by lightly hitting the workpiece with a hammer).

18. To lift and move short and heavy workpieces manually to the anvil, use self-clamping (blank) pliers with spread shanks. These operations should be carried out only by two people; the feed to the anvil should be carried out at the command of the elder.

19. When striking, keep the handles of the instrument only at the side of you, and not in front of you, so that there is no “recoil” from blows to the stomach or chest. Select pliers for holding forgings by size so that when gripping the forgings, the gap between the plier handles is at least 45 mm.

20. Apply blows only to the forging area, do not allow blows to pliers, tool handles, etc.

21. Do not allow idle blows with a sledgehammer on the anvil; the end of forging is done with the command “stop”, and not by removing the forging from the anvil. The assistant should carry out the command “hit” only when the blacksmith gives it. The “stop” command must be carried out immediately, no matter who it comes from.

22. Apply any tool to a forging or change its position only after warning the assistant.

23. When chopping metal, place the ax or blacksmith chisel strictly vertically (at the initial moment).

24. Place the workpiece only in the middle of the anvil and, moreover, so that it fits tightly against it.

25. Make the first blows when forging and the last blows when chopping weak. Before the last blow when chopping, turn the forging 180° and place the cut place on the edge of the anvil.

26. Before delivering the first blow with a sledgehammer, make sure that no one will be hit by it when swinging. Strike directly with all strikers.

27. When driving wedges into the handles of sledgehammers and hammers, hold the wedge with pliers and not with your hand.

28. When repairing chains, making hooks and rings for them, use certified material.

29. Stay at a safe distance from the lifted load (in case it falls).

30. Do not take used tools with unprotected hands and do not touch metal (blanks, forgings, stumps) without first checking its temperature.

31. Do not feed workpieces from the furnace to the anvil or move workpieces (forgings) from place to place by throwing them, as this leads to injury.

32. Place blanks, waste, forgings in containers, on racks and in stacks, without violating the established loading standards and dimensions of aisles and passages.

33. Lifting and moving heavy objects manually for 1 person:

for men over 18 years old - up to 50 kg, if this work is not permanent, but not more than 7000 kgm per shift.

Safety requirements in emergency situations

34. The blacksmith must immediately inform the administration of the enterprise about every accident of which he was an eyewitness, and provide first aid to the victim, call a doctor or help transport the victim to a health center or the nearest medical facility.

If an accident occurs to the blacksmith himself, he should, if possible, go to the health center, report the incident to the enterprise administration, or ask someone around him to do this.

Safety requirements after completion of work

35. Stop the operation of heating devices and equipment by turning them off in the prescribed manner.

36. Turn off the ventilation.

37. Put the work area in order by placing waste and forgings in designated areas, clearing the anvil and adjacent areas of the floor from scale.

38. Wipe working tools with a rag (rags) and place them neatly in designated places on racks, shelves, and cabinets.

39. Remove, clean and place protective clothing and other personal protective equipment in designated places.

40. Take a shower with soap.

41. Promptly hand over workwear and other personal protective equipment for washing (repair) or replace them with new ones.

42. Report all noticed problems and possible violations of labor protection to the foreman (foreman).

Agreed:

Central Committee of the Workers' Trade Union

motor transport and road facilities

January 1994

§ 22. Hand-forged blacksmith of the 2nd category

Characteristics of work. Hand forging of simple parts of small mass, observing dimensions and processing allowances. Broaching and bending of round, square and strip metal. Bending, pulling and planting simple sheet metal products up to 5 mm thick according to templates and sketches. Welding small-section mild steel parts and cutting the metal with a chisel. Editing on a plate, an anvil, in manual fitting of various forgings and stamped parts of a simple configuration in a cold and hot state, checking against drawings and templates. Collaboration with a more highly qualified blacksmith as a hammerer or assistant.

Must know: installation of a forge and furnace; basics of forge metal welding; properties of metal during forging and straightening of certain types of parts; heating mode of steels of various grades; purpose and conditions of use of blacksmith tools; system of allowances and tolerances for forgings.

Examples of work

1. Shoes and earrings of turnouts - forging.

2. Bolts and nuts with a head diameter of up to 50 mm - forging.

3. Locksmith gates - forging.

4. Holders for cutters with a cross-section up to 40 x 60 sq. mm - forging.

5. Blanks - cutting.

6. Wedges - forging.

7. Structural steel rings with corner sizes up to 45 x 45 mm and strips up to 45 mm - bending.

8. Counter rails for crossings, anti-theft bars and templates for measuring gaps and rail joints - forging.

9. Oiler caps, drawbar sliders and rocker mechanisms of locomotives - forging.

10. Box feet - forging.

11. Hammers, chisels, sledgehammers, axes, trowels - forging.

12. Rods, pedal holders, car spring brackets - editing.

13. Corners - flexible.

14. Simple clamps - bending according to a template.

15. Small uncalibrated chains - manufacturing.

16. Keys - forging.

§ 23. Hand-forged blacksmith of the 3rd category

Characteristics of work. Hand forging according to sketches, templates and samples of parts of medium complexity with fine surface finishing and precise adherence to dimensions. Bending, pulling, flanging and planting of medium complexity products of various configurations from sheet metal with a thickness of 5 to 8 mm according to drawings and templates. Hot fitting of spring clamps onto springs with up to 10 sheets in a set, with straightening and checking with a square. Straightening of stamped sheet metal parts without necks in a hot and cold state, checking against drawings and a template. Making tools necessary for blacksmithing. Work as an assistant to a more highly qualified blacksmith when forging complex parts with fine surface finishing, as well as when bending spring leaves.

Must know: installation of blower units; forging properties of base metals; methods of bending various spring sheets made of steel of various grades; rules and techniques of forge welding, dimensions of processing allowances and tolerances for forgings; elementary methods of calculating the mass of material required for the simplest forgings; heating mode and forging temperature of steel of various grades; techniques and sequence of forging transitions; horse shoeing rules; types of horseshoes; purpose and conditions of use of control and measuring instruments.

Examples of work

1. Bolts and nuts with a head with a diameter of over 50 mm - forging.

2. Holders for cutters with a cross-section over 40 x 60 sq. mm - forging.

3. Details of spring suspension of car bodies, automatic couplers of rolling stock bogies - forging.

4. Track clearing holders for electric locomotives - forging.

5. Hand blacksmith pliers - forging.

6. Overhead and socket wrenches - forging.

7. Structural steel rings with angles over 45 x 45 mm and strips over 45 mm up to sizes 100 x 100 and 100 mm - bending.

8. Rings, flanges with a diameter of up to 200 mm - forging.

9. Wheels, carts, sleighs - forging.

10. Crutches, hooks for insulators, clamps - forging.

11. Brackets and axles of car transition platforms - forging.

12. Various couplings - forging.

13. Crimping - forging.

14. Supports for diesel locomotive axlebox balancers - forging.

15. Horseshoes - forging.

16. Molds weighing up to 10 kg - forging parts of replaceable equipment.

17. Frames made of angle steel - bending.

18. Rolling - forging.

19. Strip steel for bearing brackets of a manual single-girder crane - hot bending.

20. Clamps up to 1000 mm long - flexible.

21. Chains with a diameter of up to 25 mm - production and welding of links, production of hooks, stoppers and swivels.

22. Chains with a diameter of up to 40 mm - repair.

23. Gears with a diameter of up to 150 mm - forging with upsetting.

§ 24. Hand-forged blacksmith of the 4th category

Characteristics of work. Hand forging of complex parts according to drawings and samples. Bending and welding of parts in different planes. Welding of parts made of steel of various grades. Final finishing of parts in compliance with established dimensions and allowances. Bending, straightening, flanging and landing of complex and heavy products from sheet metal with a thickness of 8 to 12 mm and long metal of all sizes according to drawings, sketches and templates. Selecting metal heating modes for forging. Bending spring sheets according to a template. Assembling the springs into a set and fitting the sheets according to the template and to the previous sheet. Fitting spring clamps onto spring packages with more than 10 sheets in a set. Editing stamped products of various configurations.

Must know: design of forges, furnaces and blowers; the procedure for establishing the sequence of transitions for forging complex parts; technical specifications for assembling spring sets; methods for calculating the mass of metal forgings; forging properties of various metals and their purpose in the forging process.

Examples of work

1. Single-knee shafts of small sizes - forging.

2. The driven and drive shafts of the main fan gearboxes of diesel locomotives are forged.

3. Forks - setting and straightening the horns.

4. Parts of the brake lever transmission of rolling stock - forging and welding.

5. Preparation of complex dies, cutters and other cutting tools from special high-carbon steels - forging.

6. Rings, flanges with a diameter of over 200 mm - forging.

7. Rings made of strips over 100 mm in size - bending.

8. Boilers - bending according to the template of the rear and front walls.

9. Harness hooks - manufacturing.

10. Sheets are straight, bent and embossed - weasel pull.

11. Car spring sheets - manufacturing.

12. Knives of different configurations and sizes for presses and shears - forging.

13. Saber knives for cutting sheet iron - forging.

14. Cradle suspensions and spindles for rolling stock bogies - forging.

15. Molds weighing over 10 kg - forging parts of replaceable equipment.

16. Cutters for cutting out parts of shoe uppers - forging.

17. Wing levers and semaphore links - forging.

18. Shaped levers for lifting tables weighing up to 250 kg - forging.

19. Special welding cutters - forging, filling and welding of plates.

20. Large shaped cutters - forging.

21. Tees - forging.

22. Spring clamps and brackets - forging.

23. Chains with a diameter of over 25 to 40 mm - production and welding of links, production of hooks, stoppers and swivels.

24. Chains with a diameter over 40 to 60 mm - repair.

25. Gears with a diameter of over 150 to 300 mm - forging with upsetting.

§ 25. Hand-forged blacksmith of the 5th category

Characteristics of work. Manual forging, bending, straightening and welding of complex parts according to drawings and samples with fine surface finishing. Bending, straightening and flanging of large sheet metal products with a thickness of over 12 mm.

Must know: methods of performing complex blacksmith work and complex forging techniques; modes of heating and cooling of processed metals; changes in the structure of the metal depending on the heating mode.

Examples of work

1. Gear blocks of the gearbox mechanism - forging.

2. Eccentric shafts - forging.

3. Multi-knee shafts - forging.

4. Drawbar rings, cranks and rocker mechanism, rocker and eccentric rods of steam locomotives - forging.

5. Structural steel rings with angle dimensions over 100 x 100 mm and strips over 100 mm - bending.

6. Boilers - bending and straightening of front and grip sheets according to a template.

7. Shaped dies - forging blanks from special tool steels.

8. Chains with a diameter of over 40 mm - production and welding of links, production of hooks, stoppers and swivels.

9. Chains with a diameter of over 60 mm - repair.

\Typical job description for hand-forged blacksmith, 3rd category

Job description for hand-forged blacksmith, 3rd category

Job title: Hand-forged blacksmith 3rd rank
Subdivision: _________________________

1. General provisions:

    Subordination:
  • A hand-forged blacksmith of the 3rd category reports directly...................
  • A hand-forged blacksmith of the 3rd category follows instructions................................................. ..........

    • (the instructions of these employees are followed only if they do not contradict the instructions of the immediate supervisor).

    Substitution:

  • Hand-forged blacksmith of the 3rd category replaces.................................................. .......................................
  • Replaces a hand-forged blacksmith of the 3rd category..................................... ....................................

    • Hiring and dismissal:
    A hand-forged blacksmith is appointed and dismissed by the head of the department in agreement with the head of the department.

2. Qualification requirements:
    Must know:
  • blower installations
  • forging properties of base metals
  • methods of bending various spring sheets made of steel of various grades
  • rules and techniques of forge welding, dimensions of processing allowances and tolerances for forgings
  • elementary methods for calculating the mass of material required for the simplest forgings
  • heating mode and forging temperature of steel of various grades
  • techniques and sequence of forging transitions
  • horse shoeing rules
  • types of horseshoes
  • purpose and conditions of use of control and measuring instruments.
3. Job responsibilities:
  • Hand forging according to sketches, templates and samples of parts of medium complexity with fine surface finishing and precise adherence to dimensions.
  • Bending, pulling, flanging and planting of medium complexity products of various configurations from sheet metal with a thickness of 5 to 8 mm according to drawings and templates.
  • Hot fitting of spring clamps onto springs with up to 10 sheets in a set, with straightening and checking with a square.
  • Straightening of stamped sheet metal parts without necks in a hot and cold state, checking against drawings and a template.
  • Making tools necessary for blacksmithing.
  • Work as an assistant to a more highly qualified blacksmith when forging complex parts with fine surface finishing, as well as when bending spring leaves.
page 1 Job description Hand-forged blacksmith
page 2 Job description Hand-forged blacksmith

4. Rights

  • A hand-forged blacksmith has the right to give instructions and tasks to his subordinate employees on a range of issues included in his functional responsibilities.
  • A hand-forged blacksmith has the right to control the implementation of production tasks and the timely execution of individual orders by employees subordinate to him.
  • A hand forged blacksmith has the right to request and receive necessary materials and documents related to his activities and the activities of his subordinate employees.
  • A hand-forged blacksmith has the right to interact with other services of the enterprise on production and other issues included in his functional responsibilities.
  • A hand-forged blacksmith has the right to get acquainted with draft decisions of the enterprise management concerning the activities of the Division.
  • A hand-forged blacksmith has the right to submit proposals for the manager’s consideration to improve work related to the responsibilities provided for in this Job Description.
  • A hand-forged blacksmith has the right to submit for consideration to the manager proposals on encouraging distinguished workers and imposing penalties on violators of production and labor discipline.
  • A hand-forged blacksmith has the right to report to the manager about all identified violations and shortcomings in connection with the work performed.
5. Responsibility
  • A hand-forged blacksmith is responsible for improper performance or failure to fulfill his job duties as provided for in this job description - within the limits determined by the labor legislation of the Russian Federation.
  • A hand forging blacksmith is responsible for violating the rules and regulations governing the business.
  • When transferring to another job or being released from a position, the Hand Forging Blacksmith is responsible for the proper and timely delivery of work to the person taking up the current position, and in the absence of one, to the person replacing him or directly to his supervisor.
  • A hand-forged blacksmith is responsible for offenses committed in the course of his activities, within the limits determined by the current administrative, criminal and civil legislation of the Russian Federation.
  • A hand-forged blacksmith is responsible for causing material damage - within the limits determined by the current labor and civil legislation of the Russian Federation.
  • The hand forging blacksmith is responsible for compliance with applicable instructions, orders and regulations regarding the preservation of trade secrets and confidential information.
  • The hand forging blacksmith is responsible for compliance with internal regulations, safety and fire safety rules.
This job description has been developed in accordance with (name, number and date of document)

Head of structural