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Chairman of the Presidium of the National Academy of Sciences Vladimir Gusakov told reporters on December 22 about the main achievements of Belarusian scientists in the Year of Science.

The most significant achievements of Belarusian science, which were discussed at the Second Congress of Scientists, include the development of a portable supercomputer, which performs up to 20 trillion operations per second and is 2.5 times more powerful than the original SKIF supercomputer, but much smaller in size, reports BELTA.

An important event was the development of an electric car and small personal electric transport, and work on our own energy storage device. "We are working to improve the electric car. I think in next year we will be able to position it as our comprehensive Belarusian development,” said Vladimir Gusakov.

The Chairman of the Presidium of the National Academy of Sciences highlighted the creation of a Belarusian national system for identifying, labeling and tracking goods and vehicles, which makes it possible to avoid falsification of goods, the development of a food security doctrine until 2030 as a basic document for the development of the agro-industrial complex, human DNA certification, which makes it possible to edit the gene mechanism and move on to personalized medicine, including the use of stem cells.

Among the achievements of domestic scientists is also the creation of a series of highly effective medicines, new varieties of agricultural plants, machines for the agricultural sector. Belarusian scientists were studying space research and began work on a new Earth remote sensing spacecraft.

A discovery of world significance - the most ancient Slavic settlements were found in the Zhitkovichi district of the Gomel region.

“A number of scientific studies have obtained results that are internationally recognized. These are artificial diamonds, highly effective vitamin preparations, chemical and biochemical substances, microbiological preparations and others. The developments of Belarusian scientists in the field of laser and plasma technologies, optical and laser devices are known far beyond the borders of the country, new materials with special properties,” noted Vladimir Gusakov.

Let us remind you that this week the Presidium of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus summed up the results of the competition for the prizes of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus in 2017. Based on the decisions of the Commission of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus for Prizes, it was decided to award 7 prizes of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus: three prizes in the field of physics, mathematics, computer science and physical and technical sciences: three prizes in the field of biology, chemistry, medicine, agricultural sciences and Earth sciences; one prize in the field of humanities and social sciences. The premium amount is 250 basic units.

Science has always played a very important, one might even say decisive, role in the life of society. With the development of writing in the countries of the world, empirical knowledge about nature, man and society was accumulated and comprehended, the beginnings of mathematics, logic, geometry, astronomy, medicine and other scientific fields arose. For the future of Belarus, it is vitally important to answer the question: “Why should there be science in the 21st century?”, because this question is related to the question of conceptual self-determination: to be in the rearguard of the development of Russian civilization or to be a distant barn of Western civilization?

Science is always subordinate to the Concept

Culture is secondary in relation to the concept of organizing (managing) the life of society in the continuity of generations, since any culture is an information-algorithmic system that ensures management in accordance with the dominant concept over society and the protection of this management from management according to concepts that are incompatible with the dominant one.

Science- part of culture and in management practice it is precisely this that provides non-intuitive means of solving problems about the stability of control objects in the sense of predictability of behavior in all their diversity - from everyday life (such as which light bulb can be included in which network) to global politics.

Since the entire conceptually legitimate variety of management tasks lies within the framework of a certain concept, then the concept limits science as one of public institutions . However, this limitation is for the most part not of a directive-targeted nature, but indirect, carried out through the formation of the personal psyche of scientists by culture, due to which:

their range of interests is formed and interests are differentiated into acceptable, unacceptable and those the implementation of which seems impossible in accordance with the worldview formed by the concept and culture;
a system of restrictions on the interpretation (comprehension) of the facts observed in life and the results obtained in experiments is also formed.

This applies to both natural science and humanities (human and social science) scientific disciplines.

In practice, this means that the West lives under the Bible (since it is the foundation on which the concept of life of Western civilization is built) and world science, which it was he who started, is not able to go beyond the limits of the worldview restrictions it imposes, although priests, starting with era of the Reformation, the majority do not interfere directly with the methodology of science, and those of them who are themselves engaged in scientific research activities adhere to its seemingly secular rules in science.

Examples

In natural science— N.A. Kozyrev tried to interpret it as “materiality of time” based on conceptual apparatus theory of relativity, the results of observations in which it was established that the speed of light is not the maximum speed in the Universe.

The collection “Selected Works” of N.A. Kozyrev, published by the Leningrad State University Publishing House (Leningrad, 1991), is presented on the Internet at: http://www.timashev.ru/Kozyrev/. Titles of some works by N.A. Kozyrev from this collection: “On the possibility of experimental research into the properties of time”; "Astronomical observations through physical properties time"; “On the influence of time on matter”; “On the possibility of reducing the mass and weight of bodies under the influence of the active properties of time.”

Even from the titles (and not just from the texts) of these works it is clear that N.A. Kozyrev writes about “time” as a specific type of matter that interacts with other types of matter. This is a consequence of the fact that the results of observations cannot be interpreted on the basis of the system of ultimate generalizations “matter - spirit (physical fields) - space-container - time", characteristic of the biblical worldview and dating back to ancient Egypt.

In social science disciplines— V.V. Leontiev (Nobel laureate in economics 1973) in his book “Economic Essay” (Politizdat, 1990) writes (pp. 210, 211):

“Unlimited, universal availability of knowledge and ideas arising from research is a highly desirable property for society and humanity as a whole. However, it generates serious problem for anyone who would like to do scientific research, that is, the production of knowledge on a commercial basis for profit. To justify investing in research, a corporation must be able to sell its results, directly or indirectly, as part of some other product, for an appropriate fee. But who will pay for a product that, from the moment of its release, becomes available to everyone in unlimited quantities? Why not wait for someone else to pay for it or invest in its production and then get it for free? Who would bother baking bread if seven loaves of bread can feed not only four thousand men, women and children, as they say? New Testament, but also all the hungry?

This position, shaped by the Bible, prevented him from concluding that the price list represented the financial expression of all the management errors committed by society. As a result, political economy and economic science have reached a dead end from which they have not been able to get out for more than half a century.

The most authoritative scientific institutions in Western countries - the national Academies of Sciences (came to Russia and Belarus from the West during the time of Peter the Great's reforms) - do not engage in science itself (not to mention the methodology of its development). They solve another problem, which remains silent: the main purpose of the Academies of Sciences is the certification of scientific achievements and research scientists, i.e.:

giving the status of reliable knowledge to scientific results if they correspond to the dominant concept;
elevating known nonsense to the rank of reliable scientific knowledge, if this is necessary to ensure management in accordance with the prevailing concept;
declaring actual achievements to be deliberate pseudoscience if they go beyond the scope of biblical culture and pose a threat to its existence.

And this state of affairs cannot be called satisfactory.

What problems do scientists themselves see in science?

They talk about the need for reform

In an interview with DW he called the current situation very difficult Belarusian science former president NAS, academician Alexander Voitovich.

“22 years have passed since the collapse of the Soviet Union, and Belarusian science remains in the same state and at the same organization level»,

- the academician complained. According to him, in 2002-2004, the current Chairman of the Council of the Republic of the National Assembly of the Republic of Belarus, Mikhail Myasnikovich, when he was the head of the National Academy of Sciences, already tried to reform Belarusian science.

“But that reform,” Voitovich believes, “was almost completely failed. As a result, over the last 10–15 years, the science intensity of Belarus’ GDP has been, according to Alexander Voitovich, 0.7–0.8 percent. In the European Union, this figure averages about 2 percent” (https://42.tut.by/383599).

It is significant that they are compared with Europe, which means, by default, reform should take place according to European or Western patterns, and therefore in line with the Western concept of management and building culture. Where is the West moving today, having given rise to a global biosphere-cultural crisis?

They talk about funding shortcomings

It is also natural that “scientists” see the solution to all problems in a purely Western way in increasing the salaries of “scientists”:

“We spend about 23 thousand dollars per researcher per year. This is two times less than in the countries of North Africa, and three times less than the average in the CIS countries" (https://42.tut.by/383599),

- noted the ex-president of NAS. According to him, insufficient funding and lack of reforms have led to the fact that Belarusian science has aged. But are scientific discoveries made for money? “Give money, get development” - such a “formula for success” will only lead to collapse.

In our opinion, the development of society is not driven by money, but by culture as a whole, as a certain set of social attitudes, and, first of all, by the ideas that dominate the minds of people who are carriers of a given culture. It is this that sets the tone for the development of all scientific institutions, which in turn form educational standards for various sectors and levels of education (primary, secondary, higher), and they also give rise to a certain science designed to give society answers to solve problems and crises, as well as provide he needs the information support for a full life and development. Based on these educational standards and the information provided, the entire personnel base is trained and retrained in all sectors of life.

It is here in educational school the worldview of a new generation is being laid, which, like a sponge, absorbs all the information from environment. A new generation of personnel, processing the experience of previous generations, enters life. Based on the opportunities provided to reveal creative potential and the existing worldview, it creates new ideas - the foundation of the culture of the future. This closes the spiral of social development:

And financing is only one of the nth means of supporting the functioning of this continuity of stages, while society and statehood, first of all, must take care of building the entire chain of an upward spiral of development so that it in no case turns into a ring of infernal self-copying, trends towards which are observed today in the West, and especially in the field of artistic creativity.

They say that the scientific community is aging

Alexander Voitovich believes that scientists are still making discoveries, but the backbone of scientists consists of people of retirement and pre-retirement age, and she scientific activity carried out largely due to inertia left over from Soviet times.

Which proves the futility of trying to organize science “for money.” Ideological scientists of the old school are working. And although, it would seem, in the West, science lives “for money”, but this is not so, since from ancient times a system of secret access to knowledge was built there according to one or another system of initiations, which trace their history back to the mysteries ancient world. That is, Western science has always been ideological.

Even if you look at the names of scientific degrees, you can see that they are borrowed from the names of positions in the systems of Masonic and other order lodges: master, candidate, master. Since the system was built there for a long time, the concept-forming information of the Bible underwent many refractions and modifications, managed to acquire new terminology several times, but did not change its algorithmic qualities and retained its essence. We should not forget that initially science developed over the centuries in priestly temples and ecclesiastical monasteries, where all life flocked important information, and only in the last century and a half, having changed clothes from church terms to “atheistic” ones, it spilled out into society. That is, Western science has long been conceptually determined and serves the interests of a certain management concept.

In Russian civilization, to which Belarus also belongs, the Western concept of management has always encountered problems: its ideas were disgusting and were not perceived by the population as “theirs” and therefore its advancement was always accompanied by sabotage of varying degrees of organization.

At the unconscious levels of the psyche, the ideological heritage of Western civilization has already been processed among our people, as expressed in the words of A.S. Pushkin:

“What Europe has all read,
There’s no need to talk about that again!”

Therefore, young people are not so eager to join the system of science, tailored according to old patterns, as they yearn for development, both personal and social, which the current system of education and science cannot provide. And the Soviet ideological heritage is not so relevant for it now, that is, if we speak in the language of computer scientists: information and algorithmic support is outdated, and instead of it a Western surrogate “make money” is offered, which does not contribute to the development of science as an industry human knowledge, turning it into a branch of commercial activity. And there is interesting evidence of this.

They talk about ideological pressure

According to the curator of the Flying University, candidate of sociological sciences Tatiana Vodolazhskaya, people are leaving Belarusian science, among other things, also because of ideological pressure.

“Moreover, ideology, Vodolazskaya explains, influences not so much the content of research as the need for scientists to be loyal to the authorities. And often the latter in Belarus becomes more important than quality scientific works".

Vodolazskaya, making a difference between the requirement for content and the requirement of “loyalty to the authorities,” shows that she understands the validity of the above-described statement that science, as a part of culture, is subordinated to one or another concept. Although it is unclear what exactly she means by “loyalty” and “non-loyalty.” It is possible that she interprets the requirements for the content of research, stemming from a different management concept, as a requirement for loyalty.

“As a result,” continues Vodolazhskaya, “some researchers leave official science on their own, others on the initiative of direct management, as happened in 2012-2013 at Grodno State University. Some of them move to work in other areas, others go abroad, where they find themselves in more demand than at home” (https://42.tut.by/383599).

And it is symptomatic that the Belarusian political opposition sees only such ways to resolve problems:

leave the field of science
go to the West, under the shadow of a different management concept.

Conclusion about the problems

In general, if we evaluate what problems scientists themselves see, it should be stated that they have no understanding historical context in which science is developing today. Our scientists are thinking about the wrong problems.

Main problem

The main problem that hangs more and more over our society is the conceptual uncertainty of managing the entire Russian civilization, formerly called the Soviet Union, and today: Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, etc.

Conceptual uncertainty- this is such a course of affairs when sometimes the same people at different times perform actions that are permissible or necessary in one management concept and are prohibited in principle or in specific circumstances in the same management concept. This is reflected in the above assessments by scientists of the state of affairs in science.

Society’s overcoming of the conceptual uncertainty of management consists in the fact that people, in the process of their lives and activities, themselves and with the help of others or under the pressure of circumstances, consciously determine what in their intentions and actions corresponds to a fair concept of the structure of life, and what does not, and On this basis, preference is given either to this concept in its development, or to alternative concepts of preserving and reproducing the crowd-“elite” structure of society in the continuity of generations, one of which includes the Western concept of management, including science.

All people in society live, overcoming conceptual uncertainties, including uncertainty in the answer of the affairs of life to the question: in what circumstances is it appropriate to manage collective activities? In what circumstances is self-government of participants in collective activities appropriate? And in what circumstances and how should self-government and management be combined, mutually complementing and supporting each other?

The conceptual uncertainty of behavior (management) manifests itself due to the fact that the Western worldview has not become undividedly dominant in our civilization, and the same people tend to carry out actions in their behavior that are both consistent with Western stereotypes based on the Bible and contrary to it. This is widespread, which explains the causes of all our social disasters over the last millennium, including the current crisis. This results in the inconsistency and incompleteness of all reforms, both pro-Western and the “original path of development,” without exception.

On a personal level, the misery of this kind of life is explained by the words of the Apostle James:

A double-minded person is unstable in all his ways (James 1:8).

At the level of considering society, in which there are many such people with double thoughts, the prospects are known from the words of Christ:

If a kingdom is divided against itself, that kingdom will not be able to stand; and if a house be divided against itself, that house cannot stand; and if Satan has rebelled against himself and been divided, he cannot stand, but his end has come (Mark 3:24 - 26).

And for the leadership of Belarus, this is a very serious reason to think about how they should build their relations with the West, Russia and other countries of the Russian civilization we share. It should be remembered that the possibility of the collapse of the USSR was considered and modeled in Western political science (Hélène d’Encausse. “The Divided Empire,” 1978) and the journalism of Soviet dissidents (Andrei Amalrik. “Will it exist?” Soviet Union before 1984? , 1969). The division of the USSR into several states was stated as one of the goals of Directive 20/1 of the US National Security Council of August 18, 1948, which is still in effect, which means it is also aimed at today’s Belarus.

Criticize, suggest

Now let’s move on to those proposals for the development of science as a sphere of society that we want to present for comprehension and, possibly, implementation into the practice of society, if it is in demand.

The structure of science as a sphere of social life

If we talk about the importance of specialized sciences in the life of society, the majority builds the following hierarchy:

natural science (physics, chemistry, biology, geology, geography, astronomy, etc.), mathematics and their applications (technical sciences, medicine);
humanities - history, linguistics, psychology, jurisprudence, etc.

In reality, the hierarchy of specialized branches of science in terms of their importance should be different.

Since all culture in the historically established form of all its branches is a product of the mental activity of people, the most significant science is human psychology. It determines the nature of social science, which is obliged to identify and present to society and statehood objectively best option organization of social life in the continuity of generations. Naturally, we can only talk about the life of a society of physically and mentally healthy people in harmony with healthy biocenoses and the biosphere of the Earth as a whole in the continuity of generations.

Social science is also obliged to identify the factors that led in the past to the deviation of social development from the identified ideal, and which continue to operate in the present. Accordingly, social science should give rise to the concept of society’s transition to this ideal with the aim of further development humanity as a biological species and culture of global civilization.

Duty historical science- not only to know the facts of the past, but also to identify cause-and-effect relationships in the course of history in the past and the consequences of past events in the present, which is necessary for the development and implementation of socially useful policies for the future in accordance with the concept of the development of civilization, which social science should provide.

It should be noted that the current political life societies and international relations taking place in the present constantly flow into accomplished history.

In relation to the structure of the NAS, this means that historical science should be part of the department of social sciences, and not part of the historical and philological department of the NAS.

Those. even the organizational structure of the National Academy of Sciences, which for many decades has excluded historical science from the department of social sciences, contributes to the separation of sociology as such and historical science, which is fraught with the flourishing of pseudoscience both in history and in sociology.

What has been said about the hierarchical significance of the special sciences does not mean that natural science, mathematics and their applied branches can be neglected, or that they need to be almost administratively subordinated to “humanitarians”, just as during the time of the USSR the so-called “philosophers” were, for the most part, not those capable of mastering higher mathematics, which denied them access to understanding the theories and problems of natural science and social statistics, - based on their supposed knowledge of the “general laws of existence” - almost dictatorially monopolized what was true in science and what was pseudoscience. This means:

errors and quackery in the field of history and sociology have much more serious consequences for society than the current errors of natural science;
The errors of natural science and applied sciences based on it are caused (programmed) by the errors of the social sciences and charlatanism in them, since the personal culture of mental activity is a factor that predetermines the results of the activity of every person in any field of activity, including natural science. At the same time, the purposeful cultivation of personal culture of mental activity involves special role psychological science, which should be based on the achievements of natural science, and not on the fantasies of graphomaniacs and psychopaths (like Z. Freud).

Philosophy occupies a special position in the system of specialized sciences.

One can enter into philosophizing (understood as the expression of a certain new philosophy or the development of a certain previously established philosophy) only by acquiring a sufficiently broad outlook in the course of scientific and practical work in the branches of natural science and its applications, by showing interest in the life of society as a whole, i.e. to the subject area of the so-called “humanitarian disciplines”. It is precisely because of this that philosophy occupies a special position in the system of sciences. If you try to enter philosophizing directly, bypassing practical activities in natural science, in its applications, and the subject area of the “humanitarian” sciences, then inevitably graphomania under the guise of philosophy is what Yu.N. Efremov called it “quasi-philosophy,” i.e. false philosophy.

If the totality of sciences is likened to music, then philosophy is analogous to a tuning fork:

firstly, it is impossible to perform a single melody, even the simplest one, on a tuning fork as such;
secondly, without a tuning fork, musicians and tuners who do not have absolute pitch are unable to tune their instruments, as a result of which the playing of many instruments in orchestras becomes impossible;
thirdly, people with absolute pitch do not need a tuning fork...

So is philosophy:

firstly, in itself it is useless, in the sense that, unlike other sciences, it is not capable of solving any applied problems;
secondly, if it is false, then conflicts between different branches of science, the incompatibility of different theories within one science, the inadequacy of life as such of scientific theories and the practice of their applications in some aspects are inevitable;
thirdly, there are scientists who do not need a philosophical tuning fork, since their sense of proportion is not false (in the sense that the consequences of some falseness, inevitable for a person limited by subjectivity, affect the result of activity without devaluing it based on the application of the principle “practice is the criterion of truth” ").

Accordingly, someone who claims to be a philosopher claims to be the maker of a “tuning fork” for science as a whole: this is an absolutely necessary activity, but it requires a person to have a broad outlook and certain personal-psychological qualities.

If the philosophical tuning fork is out of tune, then under the yoke of the opinions of such a philosophy, instead of objective science, we will get something similar to that described by I.A. Krylov in the fable “Quartet”. Therefore, philosophy is very significant for society, and therefore it cannot be left to the mercy of various kinds of “humanitarians” - notorious rogues and careerists and sincere “polymundists”, who, due to the defectiveness of their psyche, are not able to master mathematics and, as a consequence, achieve natural science, based on the principle “practice is the criterion of truth”...

As for the philosophical tuning fork we share, in a brief thesis form it can be expressed as follows:

Practice is the criterion of truth.
Morality determines the relationships of rational subjects in the range from complete denial to complete mutuality.
In accordance with paragraph 1 and paragraph 2: God exists, and He is the Creator and Almighty.
Life (the Universe and God) in all its aspects is knowable adequately to itself in line with Omnipotence, which is confirmed by paragraph 1.
The universe (including the physical vacuum) exists objectively and materially. All matter in all its stable states of aggregation and transitional forms (heterogeneous radiations of material objects) is a carrier of objectively existing information and measures. Those. The Universe and its fragments are the trinity of matter-information-measure:
1. the measure represents numerical certainty - quantitative and ordinal;
2. in relation to matter, a measure is a matrix of its possible states and transitions from one state to another;
3. in relation to information, a measure is a system for encoding information.

It is clear that the philosophical tuning fork expressed above does not coincide with the philosophical tuning forks of atheistic science, as well as with the philosophical tuning forks of various kinds of “polymundists”. This discrepancy allows us to see in the science cultivated by the National Academy of Sciences (and the Russian Academy of Sciences) a falsity—the seeds of pseudoscience and pseudoscience as such.

The fight against pseudoscience is a delicate issue...

The “subtlety” of the issue of pseudoscience is explained by a concept that has taken root in scientific circles since the late 1950s. saying:

“You may not be a scientist, but you must be a candidate...”

This saying characterizes a fair share of defended dissertations for academic degrees. This applies to both candidates and doctors of various sciences. It is complemented by another joke from the “scientists” themselves:

“The dissertation is a lengthy application for a salary increase.”

Let us recall that a simple engineer at a research institute or design bureau in the USSR in the 1970s. had a salary of 120 - 140 rubles, while a vocational school graduate earned at least 250, and a color TV (ULPTsT-61) with a screen size of 61 cm diagonally cost 675 rubles. Those. the more or less economically secure life of the family of a research institute or design bureau engineer, as well as a simple scientist in the USSR, began only after he defended his dissertation.

Such professional “folklore” suggests that the spread of pseudoscience in society has long gone quite far. And the Academy of Sciences itself (i.e., many “outstanding” figures of science and technology personally), many academic councils for awarding degrees in universities, which allow careerists, research institutes and design bureaus, and supervisory authorities, are largely involved in the generation and dissemination of pseudoscience in society. The authority above all of them is the Higher Attestation Commission (that is, members of the expert councils of the Higher Attestation Commission personally). And the problem of reforming the NAS has been brewing for a very long time.

Accordingly, the question of pseudoscience in the Academy of Sciences itself will cease to be “subtle”, but becomes quite definite if the fundamental difference between science and pseudoscience is identified. After this, you can look at the development of both science and pseudoscience as social phenomena in the life of society.

Truth criterion

Objective truth, as a component of objective reality, exists, no matter what anarchist postmodernist philosophers and others who join them say about it. But along with objective truth, there is the subjectivity of people, both personal and corporate, i.e. inherent in a group of people united by certain stereotypes. As a result, people’s opinions about objective reality and the processes in it are, to a greater or lesser extent, various reasons move away from objective truth or simply obscure it. This is how it happens in the psyche of various agnostics and solipsists.

Deviations from the truth may occur:

as in principle, when an opinion about a particular phenomenon is simply nonsense,
so in applied problems, when in some specific circumstances (conditions) an opinion is adequate to objective truth, but in other circumstances it ceases to be adequate.

In science, only the results of observations and experiments are objective, and to the extent that the observer or experimenter himself does not introduce distortions during the process he observes or the experiment he conducts.

Everything else in science - purely subjective interpretations of observations over the natural course of processes and over the experiments being carried out.

These subjective opinions can be assessed:

as objectively scientific, if on their basis it is possible to develop decisions with predictable consequences and implement these decisions, obtaining the result promised by theories;
and as objectively pseudoscientific, if on their basis the decisions necessary in life are either impossible to develop, or the implementation of the developed decisions leads to consequences that are unpredictable or directly opposite to those expected.

This distinction between the results of actions based on science and pseudoscience is expressed in the coined formula: “ practice is the criterion of truth».

The line between science and pseudoscience

AND practice is the criterion of truth, without exceptions, for all scientific disciplines from natural science through the humanities to theology inclusive (in a sequence understandable to atheists) and from theology through the humanities to natural science and its applications (in a sequence understandable to religious people).

Strictly speaking, this is a differentiation of the results of practical activities based on subjective opinions and behavior based on them and objectively separates science and pseudoscience.

But, having made this conclusion, we must remember about subjectivity. He can be as erroneous as he likes, as a result of which true science can appear to him quite sincerely as pseudoscience, and pseudoscience as true science.

But if subjectivism is chronically unable to distinguish between science and pseudoscience, then what happens is what all opponents of agnosticism and the plurality of truths have been talking about for centuries: those acting on the basis of pseudoscientific ideas make mistakes that are incompatible with the continuation of the life of themselves or their cultures and disappear from the historical scene - as stated in the Koran:

“...guessing in no way eliminates the truth” (10:36).

If we look for deep psychological reasons for this, then they lie in persistently vicious morality subjects who thoughtlessly elevate deliberate lies and falsity to the rank of Truth-Truth, and label Truth-Truth as deliberate lies and falsehood.

But if you go beyond the limits of narrow professional specialization and really take a civic position (the state, society is us), then purely in a generally humane way - i.e. everyone- the following should be clear.

FIRST:

pseudoscience due to the subjectivity of people, prone to errors and reaching the point of fundamental reluctance to reassess one’s opinions, is always generated in society;
but if science has common sense, due to which it is able to answer practical questions of people who are consumers of knowledge generated by science, then pseudoscience cannot have mass distribution, much less claim dominance over the minds of people;
but if science is sick, due to which it is not able to provide answers to some practical questions that are significant for many people, as well as for current politicians, then people, pushed by the very failure of science, are forced to look for an alternative to it, which can be twofold:
- independently generate new knowledge and practical skills as the need for this knowledge and skills arises in their lives and do this at the pace of the activity;
- find a “consultant on the problem”, an alternative to professional scientists, who may turn out to be a charlatan or a psychopathic graphomaniac, or may turn out to be a scientifically successful amateur who did not find a place in the professional environment of “great scientists” precisely because moral, ethical and (as a consequence) intellectual the ill health of science itself as an industry professional activity in this society.

SECOND:

If a country has a sociological science (social science) that is adequate to life, and not pseudoscience under the guise of sociology, and if the country has a system of universal and professional sociological education, then there cannot be a protracted general cultural crisis and enduring economic ruin in this country.
If in a country there is a general cultural crisis that has persisted for decades and a constantly ineffective economic system, then this means that pseudoscience is flourishing in it under the guise of history, sociology, philosophy, psychology, and economic science. And based on it education system ideas that are inadequate to life are formed for the vast majority of people, including those who eventually become officials of the state apparatus, including employees of the special services. In such conditions, the development of science becomes almost impossible, but pseudoscience begins to flourish, since in conditions of economic devastation and general cultural crisis it becomes a more reliable source of income than creative activities.

In this regard, we bring to your attention the Soviet view from 1982 on the Unified State Exam:

The article (http://inance.ru/2016/12/reforma-obrazovaniya/) tells about some of the measures that need to be carried out in the education system, which we recommend that you read.

Conclusion

Accordingly, if scientists of the National Academy of Sciences and other scientific institutes were really concerned about the problem of eradicating pseudoscience and the development of science, they would begin to identify charlatans, scammers and graphomaniac idiots in their own department of social sciences (international relations, philosophy, sociology, psychology and law, economics, as well as the historical and philological department). Sociology, if it is truly scientific, does not have the right to obey the norms of “politeness” or “political correctness”, but must characterize the morality, ethics and intelligence of individuals, without avoiding words such as “idiot”, rogue, charlatan, swindler, etc. In the context of this article, this is not a release of negative emotions, but a characteristic of personal qualities.

Of course, the participants in these feeders under the guise of “department of social sciences of the National Academy of Sciences” + malicious “historians” to them would squeal about the topic of “persecution of science, which is carried out by rude officials of the National Academy of Sciences who are incompetent in “subtle humanitarian issues” and the natural scientists and technicians who have joined them.” However, you should remember:

Practice is the criterion of truth, and most minds who have achieved real results in natural science and technology are able to enter into an understanding of the social sciences.

The entry of “humanists” into the problems of natural sciences and technical sciences is for the most part impossible, due to their lack of mastery of the mathematical apparatus.

Natural scientists and technicians of the National Academy of Sciences will take up the application principle without exception“practice is the criterion of truth” to the activities of historians and the department of social sciences of the National Academy of Sciences, then from the feeding trough of now legitimate sociology concepts international relations, history, philosophy, psychological science, jurisprudence, and “economic” science and others, little will remain. After this, the rest of pseudoscience would decline following the compression of its “ecological niche” and the general moral and intellectual improvement of society.

The Academy of Sciences has determined the top 10 results in the field of fundamental and applied research for 2017. The top ten included studies in materials science, biology, linguistics and history.

Portable supercomputer

Joint Institute of Informatics Problems of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus

A team of scientists conducted fundamental research and development of a small-sized mobile supercomputer for processing large amounts of data and solving problems of high-precision modeling and design.

Protection for microelectronics

Scientific and Practical Center of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus for Materials Science

The team of authors has developed and synthesized composite and nanostructured magnetic materials that provide high functional microwave characteristics and protection of microelectronic products from destabilizing external influences.

New methods for nuclear energy

Joint Institute for Energy and Nuclear Research - Sosny

Scientists have created methods and programs for calculating optical cross sections of atomic nuclei with guaranteed accuracy. They are used in solving scientific and engineering problems of nuclear energy.

A step in the fight against tuberculosis

A team of scientists has established the molecular mechanism of suppression of human immunity by mycobacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis with the aim of creating a new generation of anti-tuberculosis drugs.

Oxidative stress resistance indicator

Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus

Brain protection during stroke

Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor Sergei Viktorovich Fedorovich, senior researcher at the Institute of Biophysics and Cell Engineering of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus.

The scientist established the mechanism of disturbances in synaptic transmission in neurons in animals under hypoxia. Correcting these disorders helps protect the brain from damage due to ischemic stroke.

New generation plant protection

Institute of Microbiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus

The team of authors identified and inactivated genes regulating the biosynthesis of antimicrobial metabolites in bacteria. This makes it possible to significantly increase the production of target biologically active compounds and create a new generation of plant protection products.

"Superfertilizers"

Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry

Scientists have created a microbial composition that combines the properties of a biofertilizer, a growth regulator and a biofungicide.

Complete linguistic reference book of the Belarusian language

Center for Research of Belarusian Culture, Language and Literature of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus and the Joint Institute for Informatics Problems of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus

Unique Slavic settlements

Institute of History of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus

Scientists have discovered Slavic settlements that are unique to world historical science in Polesie, and also revealed the process of formation and development of the early Slavic community on the territory of Belarus.

From new diagnostics of steroid hormone diseases to materials for batteries, transistors and electronics. The National Academy of Sciences named the top 10 achievements of Belarusian scientists over the past year. Among them are projects of almost all the most basic areas of work of our academicians, doctors and professors. This is primarily chemistry, biology and medicine. Vlada Karnitskaya found out which of the projects developed in 2015 are being implemented this year. And now it is being considered as a building block for creating a cure for what is being called the plague of the 21st century. In fact, Belarusian scientists in this laboratory are almost one step away from inventing a vaccine against HIV infection. The difficulty is that the virus is constantly changing. Scientists, one might say, are selecting chemical compounds, and there are about 35 million options that could block the deadly virus. All research is carried out by the cooperation of scientists who at first glance seem incompatible - chemists and programmers. They have been collaborating on this project for five years. After all, it is carried out in several labor-intensive stages. And all this became possible thanks to this supercomputer, which occupies an entire office. Chemists receive all data from this machine in their laboratory. In essence, this computer replaces a microscope for scientists. After all, if research were carried out traditional method, in vitro, this would take decades. This machine is capable of performing up to 20 trillion operations per second. According to experts, its power is comparable to a thousand computers. This scientific work only one of the 10 best achievements of the National Academy of Sciences in 2015. The results were summed up here the day before. The list of the best also included the creation of materials for batteries, transistors and electronics, as well as polymers for mechanics. Geneticists have discovered a gene that determines liver cirrhosis. Chemists have created new antitumor drugs. Historians have found previously unknown monuments of the historical and cultural heritage of our country. Thanks to them, scientists reconstructed the events, lifestyle and way of life of the Slavs. Before getting to the top, each project was carefully studied in advance. And according to several dozen criteria at once. The top best in the Academy of Sciences has been determined for the second year in a row. And as scientists say, it is the developments from this list that are first in line for implementation.

And now it is being considered as a building block for creating a cure for what is being called the plague of the 21st century. In fact, Belarusian scientists in this laboratory are almost one step away from inventing a vaccine against HIV infection. The difficulty is that the virus is constantly changing. Scientists, one might say, are selecting chemical compounds, and there are about 35 million options that could block the deadly virus.

All research is carried out by the cooperation of scientists who at first glance seem incompatible - chemists and programmers. They have been collaborating on this project for five years. After all, it is carried out in several labor-intensive stages.

And all this became possible thanks to this supercomputer, which occupies an entire office. Chemists receive all data from this machine in their laboratory.

In essence, this computer replaces a microscope for scientists. After all, if research was carried out using the traditional method, in vitro, it would take decades. This machine is capable of performing up to 20 trillion operations per second. According to experts, its power is comparable to a thousand computers.

This scientific work is only one of the 10 best achievements of the National Academy of Sciences in 2015. The results were summed up here the day before.

The list of the best also included the creation of materials for batteries, transistors and electronics, as well as polymers for mechanics. Geneticists have discovered a gene that determines liver cirrhosis. Chemists have created new antitumor drugs. Historians have found previously unknown monuments of the historical and cultural heritage of our country. Thanks to them, scientists reconstructed the events, lifestyle and way of life of the Slavs. Before getting to the top, each project was carefully studied in advance. And according to several dozen criteria at once.

The top best in the Academy of Sciences has been determined for the second year in a row. And as scientists say, it is the developments from this list that are first in line for implementation.