Step-by-step assembly of a simple design of LED color music, with an accompanying study of amateur radio programs
Good afternoon, dear radio amateurs!
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We assemble LED light music (color music).
Part 1.
At today's lesson in Beginning radio amateur school we will start collecting LED light music. During this lesson, we will not only assemble light music, but also study another amateur radio program "Cadsoft Eagle"– a simple, but at the same time powerful, comprehensive tool for the development of printed circuit boards and we will learn how to make printed circuit boards using film photoresist. Today we will choose a circuit, look at how it works, and select the details.
Light and music (color and music) devices were very popular at the time Soviet Union. They were mainly three-colored (red, green or yellow and blue) and were most often assembled using the simplest circuits on more or less affordable KU202N thyristors (which, if my memory serves me correctly, cost more than 2 rubles in stores, i.e. were quite expensive) and the simplest audio frequency input filters on coils wound on sections of ferrite rods from radio receivers. They were made mainly in two versions - in the form of three-color spotlights on 220-volt light bulbs, or a special case was made in the form of a box, where a certain number of light bulbs of each color were located inside, and the front of the box was closed with frosted glass, which made it possible to obtain a fancy look on such a screen. light accompaniment of music. Also, ordinary glass was used for the screen, and small fragments of car glass were glued on top of it for better light scattering. It was such a difficult childhood. But today, in the age of the development of incomprehensible capitalism in our country, it is possible to assemble a light and sound device for every taste, which is what we will do.
We will take as a basis LED light circuit diagram published on the website:
To this diagram we will add two more elements:
1. . Since we will have a stereo signal at the input, and in order not to lose sound from any channel, or not to connect two channels directly to each other, we will use the following input node (taken from another light-music circuit):
2. Device power supply . We will supplement the light and music circuit with a power supply assembled on a KR142EN8 microcircuit stabilizer:
This is approximately the set of parts we need to assemble:
LEDs for this device can be used of any type, but they must be super-bright and of different colors. I will use ultra-bright, highly directional LEDs, the light from which will be directed towards the ceiling. You, of course, can use a different option for the light display of the sound signal and use a different type of LEDs:
How does this scheme work? . The stereo signal from the sound source is supplied to the input node, which sums the signals from the left and right channels and feeds it to variable resistances R6, R7, R8, which regulate the signal level for each channel. Next, the signal goes to three active filters, assembled according to an identical circuit using transistors VT1-VT3, which differ only in capacitor values. The meaning of these filters is that they pass through only a strictly defined band of the audio signal, cutting off the unnecessary frequency range of the audio signal from above and below. The upper (according to the diagram) filter passes the band 100-800 Hz, the middle one – 500-2000 Hz and the lower one – 1500-5000 Hz. Using trimming resistors R5, R12 and R16, you can shift the transmitted band in any direction. If you want to obtain other signal bandwidths of the filters, you can experiment with the values of the capacitors included in the filters. Next, the signals from the filters are sent to microcircuits A1-A3 - LM3915. What kind of microcircuits are these?
LM3914, LM3915 and LM3916 chips from National Semiconductors allow you to build LED indicators with different characteristics- linear, stretched linear, logarithmic, special for audio signal control. In this case, LM3914 is for a linear scale, LM3915 is for a logarithmic scale, and LM3916 is for a special scale. We use LM3915 chips - with a logarithmic scale for monitoring the audio signal.
The initial page of the microcircuit datasheet:
(327.0 KiB, 4,065 hits)
In general, I advise you that when faced with a new, unknown radio component, look for its datasheet on the Internet and study it, especially since there are also datasheets translated into Russian.
For example, what can we glean from the first sheet of the LM3915 datasheet (even with minimal knowledge English language, and in extreme cases using a dictionary):
- this microcircuit is an analog signal level indicator with a logarithmic display scale and a step of 3 dB;
– you can connect both LEDs and LCD indicators;
– indication can be carried out in two modes: “dot” and “column”;
– maximum output current for each LED – 30 mA;
- and so on…
By the way, what is the difference between a “dot” and a “column”. In the “dot” mode, when the next LED is turned on, the previous one goes out, and in the “column” mode, the previous LEDs do not go out. To switch to the “point” mode, just disconnect pin 9 of the microcircuit from the “+” power source, or connect it to “ground”. By the way, these microcircuits can be used to assemble very useful and interesting circuits.
Let's continue. Since alternating voltage is supplied to the inputs of the microcircuits, the glowing column of LEDs will have uneven brightness, i.e. As the input signal level increases, not only will successive LEDs light up, but their brightness will also change. Below is a table of the threshold activation of each LED for different microcircuits in volts and decibels:
Characteristics and pinout of transistor KT315:
This concludes the first part of the lesson on assembling LED light music and begins to assemble the parts. In the next part of the lesson we will study the program for designing printed circuit boards “Cadsoft Eagle” and make printed circuit board for our device using film photoresist.
Below are circuit diagrams and articles on the topic “color music” on the radio electronics and radio hobby website.
What is “color music” and where is it applied, schematic diagrams of homemade devices that relate to the term “color music”.
I offer two simple circuits CMU. The first one was collected many years ago, was repeated by several radio amateurs and did not need any adjustment. The circuit is assembled using only six transistors of the KT315 type, they, of course, can be replaced with others... A simple, easily repeatable color-musical installation using symmetrical thyristors and incandescent lighting lamps is described, which can be used to illuminate a hall or dance floor, because summer is coming! It is said about color music... This music console has a relatively high power of lighting lamps, namely: in each channel you can use lamps designed for a voltage of 220 V (one or more), or low-voltage lamps connected in garlands of 220 V. Total power ... Scheme of a simple color music set-top box for working with a tube radio, low-frequency amplifier or tape recorder. Contains a minimum of parts and is not difficult to assemble, good option for beginner radio amateurs. Connect it to the secondary winding of the output transformer. For power supply... The color music circuit, the operating principle of the installation is based on dividing the spectrum of the sound signal by frequency. To achieve greater variety and richness of the color pattern, instead of the widespread three-color system, it uses a four-color system (red, yellow, blue and violet)... The color-music installation on thyristors develops a power of up to 2...3 kW at the load and can be recommended for color-music accompaniment of variety acts. In this case, it is advisable to mount powerful incandescent lamps in spotlights with color filters, directing them... Installation with pulse-number control of thyristors ensures the convergence of the dynamic ranges of lamp brightness and sound signal level, as well as obtaining light compensation channels without any special electronic devices. The power of each of the three main channels... Homemade color music using triacs, diagram and description of parts for self-made. Triacs are symmetrical thyristors that operate at any voltage polarity at the anode. They are used in household dimmers SRP-0.2-1. The installation is three-channel. The audio frequency signal is supplied to its input through step-up transformer T1, which also performs the functions... I would like to present to your attention a color music set-top box assembled on two synchronous binary counter-dividers (each counter is based on four D-flip-flops), also known as the K561IE10 microcircuit. This design is easily accessible for repetition; the K561IE10 microcircuit can still be bought at a radio store, and radio amateurs will probably have it in stock... The proposed simple devices are designed for creating lighting effects at discos and during various entertainment events. The signals they generate can control several lighting fixtures, switching them almost randomly Provided... The peak of popularity of color music installations occurred in the 80s of the last century, now they have somehow almost been forgotten. And yet, time does not stand still, and there are new technologies that can revive “color music” in a new form. Here, for example, are three-color LED RGB strips or garlands... A diagram of a simple homemade three-channel color and music installation with a microphone for responding to sound in a room is given. The device “connects” to the equipment via acoustics, that is, there is a microphone at the input instead of a connector, and it perceives music directly in the room where it is... A three-color LED strip can be used as a screen for a color music installation. The advantage of an RGB LED strip is that it can be positioned as you like, either under a matte screen or, for example, hung like a garland on Christmas tree. Diagram of a color and music installation... This device is a typical analogue light and music set-top box, like those that were very popular in the 80-90s and are undeservedly forgotten today. The input signal through a separate transformer is fed to four active filters, dividing the signal into four... Schematic diagram of a homemade color music system for three channels, it is based on LM567 tone decoders, S202S02 opto-keys are used for switching. The peak of popularity of color music installations occurred in the 80s of the last century. Now they have somehow almost been forgotten. And yet, time is not worth it... A light-music circuit using LEDs, a simple design based on K561IE16, K176IE4 microcircuits for beginner radio amateurs. In most cases, light and music installations are based on filters that divide the input audio signal into several bands. Then at the output of each of the stripes there is a key... Interesting homemade device, which changes the color of the LEDs according to the ratio of the frequency components of the audio signal. This device is not a full color music installation, because it works completely differently. The color music installation at the entrance has... Good afternoon, dear radio amateurs. This article appeared thanks to many questions devoted to ionophones of various types, sent to me after the publication of a series of articles on this topic. Especially often questions related to tube ionophones and their improvement and further development... various options light dynamic installations (SDU). For the most part, they can be divided according to the principle of operation into two different groups: these are either garland (lantern) switches operating from a clock generator according to a specific program... Good afternoon, dear radio amateurs. Today I would like to continue a short series of articles devoted to ionophones, in response to numerous requests and questions that came after the publication of previous articles on this topic. The proposed version of the ionophone is, in fact, a more powerful version...Homemade color music
Homemade color music in the interior of your own car will be of interest to all lovers of beautiful disco music. Making it with your own hands is absolutely easy.
Color music at home can be quickly and easily assembled if you know some of the nuances of the circuit and its correct installation.
Color music schemes in cars
A large number of homemade color music schemes are published on amateur radio forums. Some of them are intended only for experienced, others for beginners.
In principle, all schemes are built according to the same principle, which is recommended to be understood so that the assembly no longer represents something impracticable and very complex.
Simple scheme
Even a schoolchild can assemble color music using this scheme, because it consists of only one transistor. Its name is KT815G.
This color music can be assembled using diodes borrowed from a simple flashlight.
Everything is done as follows:
- We divide the LEDs that we removed from the flashlight in half;
- We find a suitable box in which we will assemble our circuit. In this case, instead of a box, a rectangular plastic box from used shoe polish is ideal;
- We take out the switch. It will change the light-music mode to simple lighting.
Note. The LEDs will flash with bass and the higher the volume, the brighter they glow. As for the channels, two are enough, not connected to the speaker.
- The power source in our case will be three AA batteries;
- All that remains is to put the homemade color music in the trunk and enjoy the effect.
Complex circuits
They will allow you to create more professional schemes from the user's point of view.
First version of the scheme
It is assembled on five diodes. All of them are five millimeter and 3 V, have clear lenses. The transistor used is KT815 or KT972. Its task is to strengthen and act as a key.
Everything is done like this:
- Power is supplied from 2 1.5-volt batteries;
- There are respectively two inputs for music: X1 and X2;
- In place of LED3 we install a red diode, the remaining remaining pairs will be blue and green;
Note. As a result, we get a very successful color and music scheme. The LEDs glow very effectively to the beat of the music, the circuit consumes little current, and low frequencies They play just great. You just need to be careful: the LEDs may not be able to withstand loud music and burn out.
Second version of the scheme
We find the KT817 transistor, wires, headphone plug and SD tape.
Started:
- We solder the transistor according to the following scheme;
- Then the CD tape is added and everything is moved to the luggage compartment of the car.
Light music from garlands
Quite good decision, which will require the use of light bulbs from New Year's garlands:
- Garlands (see) need to be collected together in several pieces and secured with electrical tape;
- Make an adapter to connect to the head unit and connect the wire.
Note. The circuit in this case will involve eight twisted pair conductors, which transmit the signal from the contacts of the control unit to the color music control unit.
Color music from LEDs
An original scheme for making beautiful color music. In this case, you need a housing made of plexiglass.
Let's get started:
- We select two plates measuring 5x15 cm and two square plates 5x5 cm;
- A couple of holes are made in one of the parts (for power supply and headphones);
- We mat and sand all the plates;
- We find LEDs that we also matte for a better effect;
- We assemble the body using a heat gun, which is ideal for working with plexiglass;
- Let's collect now electrical diagram for color music according to this scheme:
- We connect the wire from the headphones with the corresponding connector to the car radio and enjoy the effect.
The plexiglass case can be installed in the car interior, anywhere. Everything will depend on individual preferences, wire length, etc.
During the work process, the following must be taken into account:
- The output voltage of the adapter and the rated voltage of each diode must be interconnected. In other words, the total number of diodes involved in the circuit must equal the ratio of the adapter's output voltage.
Note. As an example, if the adapter is 12V, and the voltage for each diode is 3V, then the total number of LEDs should be 4.
- It is advisable to use a 3-core wire, one of the wires of which should be left unused.
Circuit with signal from speaker
Another popular scheme for creating color music.
We do the following:
- We take the signal from the speakers (see).
Note. In this case, it is very important not to short-circuit the output of the SPD*. For this purpose, we solder only one wire.
UZP* - Sound card amplifier
- Arranges the switch so that it turns on the LEDs based on music;
- We select the resistance according to the diagram below, where the rating for turning on one diode is indicated;
Note. If the color music will be assembled from 4 LEDs, then the R value should be equal to 820 Ohms.
Popular multi-color scheme
Another common scheme involves the possibility of increasing nutrition. This will be especially true if a chain of many LEDs is used.
The scheme is like this:
- There should be two frequency filters. They allow HF and LF to pass through at the input;
- The signal then goes to the amplifier stages, and then to the LEDs;
- It is recommended to connect inputs 1 and 2 to the source speaker.
Advice. If you want to make color music brighter, then you just need to reduce the resistor values to a couple of hundred, and change the transistors to KT817.
This scheme has one advantage that no other has: the ability to use LEDs of any color.
So, when playing low-frequency bass, the red LED will blink, while playing midrange and high-frequency - green. As for setting the brightness, it is regulated by the sound volume rotary: the higher the sound, the brighter the glow.
Car ceiling in LEDs
If you wish, you can not only arrange something similar to a disco in the car, but also build a backlight that would either turn on separately or be associated with music playback. This operation also involves the use of LEDs.
“Starry sky” on the ceiling of the car will look wonderful. This type of lighting, it turns out, has been practiced for a long time, and not only in cars, but also in our own apartments.
This scheme can be used in different ways:
- Place the LEDs evenly, in any shape or like a certain figure;
- Use light bulbs of different power, simulating the glow of stars (bright/not bright);
- Use different ceiling backgrounds. For example, you can drag it black.
Creation instructions:
- We drag the ceiling of the car;
- We assemble or purchase a current stabilizer.
Note. It is very important at this stage to do everything correctly. Otherwise, you will have to dismantle the assembled ceiling if the diodes burn out. To avoid this situation, you need to check the circuit after assembly (find out how many volts and how much current the circuit has). An old power supply from a computer is suitable as a test unit.
- We use a large capacitor to smoothly dim the LEDs. For example, KT470 is suitable;
- Place the diagram in a matchbox;
- We check the operation by connecting three LEDs and one resistor in series;
- On the ceiling, we insert LEDs into the holes, which are fixed on the back side with glue;
- We also attach the switch and stabilizer.
Note. The LEDs can be grouped in groups of 3 and connected to a resistor, and then the groups can be routed to the stabilizer in parallel.
That's it. We hope that the reader will be able to choose something for himself from the given diagrams. Just remember to take care not to turn on beautiful color music while the car is moving. This greatly distracts you from the road and can cause an accident.
In the process of working with your own hands, a video review on the topic, photos - materials, diagrams, etc. will be useful. Instructions similar to those given above can be found in other articles on our site. The price of independently creating and installing color music is considered the lowest in the world of auto tuning, because consumables can also be made by yourself.
This simplest light music has only one element. Yes, absolutely alone and nothing but: no resistors, no transistors... It is quite possible to assemble such a light and music installation in 30 minutes. All you need is one solid state relay.
Solid-state relays appeared on the market relatively recently and have already confidently conquered the radio electronics market. It’s understandable, I’ll give you the main advantages.
- - Performance.
- - Galvanic voltage isolation.
- - Quiet compared to a conventional relay.
- - Zero crossing detector.
A solid-state relay, in essence, apart from the name, has nothing in common with a mechanical relay, which everyone usually imagines when hearing this name for the first time. This is a regular triac switch, with control and decoupling circuits.
This miracle is quite inexpensive and can be easily bought on our favorite Aliexpress.com
There are many different versions of relays on the radio market: small and large, powerful and low-power. I took this:
Firstly, it has screw terminals for connection. Secondly, it can switch a load with a voltage of 24-380 V and a current of up to 60 A. Of course, I took it overkill for other purposes. To control a garland, it is enough to take from 2 A. Thirdly, the control voltage is from 3 to 32 volts, pulsed. Just what we need, since we will control the relay directly with the sound supplied from the output of the low-frequency amplifier.
Light and music circuit
A solid-state relay is connected to the open circuit of a lamp or garland. And the sound from the speaker is supplied to the input of the solid-state relay. The scheme couldn't be simpler. The main thing is not to confuse the conclusions. Now, as soon as the music starts playing in the speaker, the garland will immediately start blinking in time with the music.
We take the output from the amplifier from any channel, left or right. You can connect between the outputs so that the garland flashes with a stereo effect. If there is a subwoofer output, you can connect it to it. Or you can take two garlands and two relays and connect to different channels. There are a lot of options, choose any one you like.
I added a park of toggle switches to the circuit for switching. The first toggle switch in the diagram is so that you can simply turn on the garland in normal mode. And the second is to turn off the influence of music on her.
Thanks to galvanic isolation, high mains voltage is reliably isolated and will not pass through the speaker and amplifier.
I took a plastic container and placed sockets there to connect the load. I made holes for the toggle switches and connected the entire system.
How to make color music with your own hands? There are many options, most of them are difficult to assemble and to the common man it is often impossible to collect them. After wandering around the Internet, I found one scheme that is very simple. Anyone can make color music with their own hands using LEDs using this circuit.
You will need:
- LEDs (5 mm);
- 3.5 cable from headphones;
- transistor KT817 (or its equivalent);
- 12V adapter;
- wires;
- plexiglass;
- glue;
- sandpaper (fine).
We make a housing in which the LEDs will be located. We mark out future body parts. 4 walls measuring 15x5 cm and 2 measuring 5x5 cm.
Cut it out. You need to cut as evenly as possible, otherwise all the irregularities will have to be processed.
We select a plate that we will install as the back wall of the color music housing. Let's make two holes in it. One is for the power cable and the other is for the headphone cable.
We process the walls of the color music box with sandpaper to give the effect of light scattering throughout the box.
LEDs also need to be sanded.
Now let's assemble the body by gluing the walls together.
While the glue dries, let's do the calculations. You need to calculate the number of LEDs.
Output operating voltage of adapter / rated operating voltage of one LED = required quantity LEDs.
If you use a 12V power supply you get:
12V / 3V = 4 pcs.
Next, let's deal with the 3.5 cable from the headphones.
The cable consists of three wires: 2 wires of the left and right channels (red and white) and 1 wire of the common wire.
To implement color music, we need a wire from one of the channels (right or left, it doesn’t matter) and a common wire.
Before starting to assemble the circuit, we thread the wires through the holes in the box.
When assembling the diagram, remember:
- LEDs have polarity
- do not overheat the transistor and do not mix up its terminals (E - emitter, B - base, K - collector)
After assembly, check the operation of the color music. If everything works correctly, then glue the top cover of the box.
DIY color music using LEDs is ready!
