Every beginner in gardening has the question that it is not always clear what plants to plant in a greenhouse and what plants to start with. For amateurs, but not yet professionals, there is an excellent plant - garlic. It does not require huge financial investments and constant care. It turns out that garlic is one of the cheapest pleasures for a novice gardener. Plus, garlic has long proven its dominance among other vegetables that increase human immunity. Garlic has long been a healing plant. Its properties help destroy many viruses and get people with influenza and acute respiratory infections out of hospital beds.
To grow garlic you do not need a huge investment of effort and money. On the contrary, planting garlic is an easy and enjoyable task. In general, garlic does not reproduce by seeds at all, it reproduces vegetative way, unlike other plants. So before planting garlic, buy or take somewhere an already grown bulb. Do not take a huge amount of garlic, as it will already give you a lot of grown bulbs. Garlic has such varieties as: winter and spring. In spring it is worth growing spring crops. In winter, grow winter crops. In a heated greenhouse you can all year round grow spring garlic. Due to the fact that the greenhouse is heated there is a constant warm climate, if your greenhouse is “cold”, then grow winter garlic there. Plant it when the soil has not yet frozen. Somewhere in October. It won't work to plant garlic earlier. When purchasing a garlic bulb, separate it into cloves. Growing itself is a long process, but the result will be worth your expectations. Self-grown garlic is not only better than home-grown taste qualities, growing garlic yourself is much more profitable.
God forbid there is a virus on the onion! It will spread to your entire crop.
Before planting garlic, it is worth drying it. Two weeks should be enough. Do not peel the garlic. The peel is protection. Plant the prepared garlic about five centimeters into the ground. Fertilize the soil. Garlic takes most of its elements from it. First, fertilize the soil a week before planting and then two weeks after.
Choose a place accessible to the sun and clear of weeds and weeds. This is important. The quality of your product directly depends on these two factors. Keep it hydrated. It should be somewhere around seventy percent. Do everything right and nature will reward you with quality garlic. Don't forget to follow these rules and you will be happy.
Which can be very different, great for growing garlic; both polycarbonate and even film will work here. , in which you can grow garlic, see our website in the portfolio
Every gardener must decide for himself what to grow in a greenhouse in winter. Planting for the winter has many benefits. For example, you can enjoy it all year round fresh vegetables or get early harvest favorite products. But such cultivation requires a heated greenhouse and special care.
- How to build a greenhouse for winter growing crops
- Main rules: how to plant plants in a greenhouse before winter
- What to plant in a greenhouse before winter: popular crops
- Caring for planting vegetables for the winter in a greenhouse
- Growing garlic in winter in a greenhouse
- Growing greens in winter greenhouse(video)
To obtain crops all year round, you can build a greenhouse for winter growing. Every construction must begin with a plan. First you need to make a drawing. You need to know where everything will be placed and take into account a lot of other nuances.
Technology for constructing a winter greenhouse:
- Drawing up a project. It is necessary to determine in advance the placement of crops in the greenhouse, the size of the walls, and the type of heating. You also need to decide on construction materials.
- Installation of the foundation. The materials chosen for construction play a big role in this, but in any case the foundation must be strong.
- Heating connection. This measure is simply necessary in a greenhouse for the winter, because plants need warmth.
- Construction of the frame.
- Installation of walls. This operation depends on the selected material.
The pouring of the foundation depends on the size of the building and the required depth and height parameters for heating the greenhouse. Connecting the heating itself is a rather labor-intensive process. There are several types of heating for greenhouses; you can choose the best option for any design.
Before building a greenhouse for winter growing crops, you need to draw up a project
Types of heating:
- Heating using steam. The design includes a heating boiler and pipes. They are located along the walls, which is very convenient during installation.
- Electrical system. You can install air fans, a cable option, or electromats, which allows you to heat the ground from below. This type of heating is more complex, but much more efficient.
- Use of biofuel. A rather risky option that involves planting organic amendments in the ground, which generate heat as they decompose. Straw and manure are used for this.
When purchasing a plastic or metal frame, detailed installation instructions are included with the structure in order to carry out the work correctly. The wooden base is environmentally friendly, but not durable. For the walls of a winter greenhouse, glass or polycarbonate is used.
Main rules: how to plant plants in a greenhouse before winter
Pre-winter planting includes a series of activities to plant seeds in the ground in late autumn. The soil temperature should be 2-3 degrees. Depending on weather conditions, winter planting is carried out in October or November.
Stages of winter planting:
- Preparing the sowing site.
- Sowing seeds. It begins when the soil reaches a temperature of 2-3 degrees.
- Lastly, you need to cover the planting with mulch and polyethylene. In the spring the film is removed.
Before winter planting, it is necessary to prepare the sowing site
The soil should have a normal pH, soft, loose, moderately moist, and protected from the wind. The soil needs to be dug up and rid of weeds and pest larvae. The land also needs to be fertilized. A solution of ash and lime will help with this.
If the soil temperature is above 2-3 degrees, then premature germination of plants may occur. Because of this, they will not survive the winter, they will simply freeze.
The seeds themselves need to be coated. This process includes their special treatment with microfertilizers, mullein and heteroauxin. This will give the seeds a stronger protective shell. You also need to separate the seeds using a sieve. This way small seeds are sifted out and possible seedlings are increased.
What to plant in a greenhouse before winter: popular crops
Many people are interested in the question of what plants to plant before winter. The choice is quite wide, but each culture has its own characteristics. Most often, vegetables and herbs can be planted for the winter. These are always necessary products.
Ideas on what crops can be planted before winter:
- Parsley, basil;
- Sowing spinach, dill, arugula;
- Cold-resistant varieties of radishes and beets;
- Carrot;
- Sowing onions and garlic;
- Growing early potatoes;
- Cultivation of cilantro;
- You can sow zucchini.
Parsley can be planted before winter
Often some types of flowers can be sown for the winter. Choose durable decorative and medicinal plants. These include cornflowers, calendula, and petunia. You can plant calla lilies, which are quite popular flowers at weddings.
Some trees and bushes can also be planted. Due to the state of suspended animation during cold weather, seedlings receive less injury and take root better. Spruce, pine, rowan, birch, maple, and poplar can be planted among the trees for the winter.
For winter planting, adult seedlings that are older than a year are selected.
Currants and gooseberries are grown among the bushes. During the winter, the bushes develop a powerful root system, and they take root better in open ground. Rose and hawthorn bushes can also be grown, which are planted in September before the onset of cold weather. You can also plant berries in a greenhouse. Early strawberries will please many.
Caring for planting vegetables for the winter in a greenhouse
Growing tomatoes for the winter begins at the end of September and lasts until the beginning of November. In a winter greenhouse it is necessary to maintain a temperature of 22-25 degrees. Plants are placed both horizontally and vertically. This makes it possible to profitably use the space.
For planting cucumbers, only self-pollinating varieties are chosen. The placement is similar to growing tomatoes. When the seeds begin to germinate (usually in January), the sprouts are transplanted into pots. Seeds germinate at a temperature of 23 degrees, after which it needs to be reduced to 15-18 degrees.
The temperature in the greenhouse for all vegetables should be comfortable
It must be remembered that the soil for cucumbers must be moist.
The temperature for peppers and tomatoes after germination is 10-15 degrees. When tomatoes enter the cotyledon phase, they need to be transplanted into pots with nutritious soil. You cannot grow tomatoes and cucumbers together. They have different requirements for microclimate parameters.
Cultivation of cabbage and lettuce continues until the head is formed. Sowing is carried out only at the end of January. After the plants reach a height of 8-10 cm, the beds are cleaned.
Growing garlic in winter in a greenhouse
Garlic has a good reputation as a preventative. colds. It is also a food product consumed all over the world that has a specific taste and smell. Planting garlic in a greenhouse in winter helps protect the vegetable.
When planting garlic in a greenhouse in winter, do not forget about proper care for it.
Interesting facts about growing garlic:
- Some varieties of this plant can form arrows - small balls at the top of the stem. The spring species is not capable of this.
- Spring garlic is planted in early spring. This is necessary for the proper development of the plant.
- The depth of the vegetable recesses should be such that the head does not reach 3 cm from the soil surface. Planting deeper will negatively affect the yield.
- Winter varieties are planted in the fall before the onset of frost. The planting depth in this case directly depends on the condition of the soil.
- For good harvests, vegetables need to receive enough natural light. It is important to monitor the temperature.
- The arrows need to be broken off during the howling period. Otherwise, the garlic will turn out small, since all the nutrients will go to the formation of the seed.
- You can use the arrows to make medicine for tomatoes. An infusion of arrows is effective means from late blight.
The plant is quite demanding of fertile soil, so soil in a greenhouse is an ideal option for it. Caring for garlic must include regular watering and fertilizing. He also loves hot and dry air.
Increased watering should be done when the plant is growing intensively. During the ripening period, the soil should not be moistened at all. Routine care includes weeding and loosening.
After the formation of 3-4 leaves, the first fertilizing with instant fertilizers occurs. After 2 weeks, you can carry out a second feeding. The second time they fertilize with nitroammophoska.
Growing greens in a winter greenhouse (video)
Building a greenhouse for the winter is a profitable business. You can grow plants for yourself or for sale. To begin with, it is worth starting with one culture. This will simplify the care of the greenhouse and the plant itself.
Growing a spice like garlic in a greenhouse is always important. We offer you to look at the types of garlic, the features of planting, care, feeding and watering. The advice and recommendations of skilled greenhouse owners will help you grow an excellent garlic crop.
- Types of garlic
- Tips for planting garlic
- Caring for garlic in a greenhouse
- storage and harvesting of garlic
- Garlic care - video
medicine and seasoning from ancient times
Garlic is a long-growing herbaceous plant, a plant of the amaryllis family. In Russia, it began to be used more than 10 centuries ago, calling the plant “combed onion”. Garlic is mentioned in inscriptions on the pyramids of Cheops and in Tibetan monasteries.
It is noteworthy that in China, India, Korea, Italy average rate spice consumption per person – 8-12 cloves per day. The inhabitants of these countries use garlic in culinary and medicinal recipes.
Garlic
Types of garlic
There are winter and spring varieties. The titles indicate the optimal time for sowing garlic. Spring varieties are planted in greenhouses in early spring.
Otherwise, the bulb will not have time to form. Winter varieties are intended for planting in greenhouses and open ground; they can overwinter under the snow and germinate after the last frost.
Spring garlic - the cloves fit well together, there is no central trunk
pDistinguish between two types appearance bulbs quite easily. Spring garlic is smaller than winter garlic, its cloves fit well together without a central trunk, and in some varieties the trunk is soft. We are used to seeing winter garlic in stores.
The head of the plant is huge, with two sequences of teeth, with a rigid shaft.
Garlic varieties suitable for growing in a greenhouse
Growing garlic in a greenhouse
Among the countless varieties of spicy plants, it is possible to select those that are optimally suited for planting in greenhouses.
- Alcor ripens in a greenhouse in 87-98 days. Mid-season shooter variety with large bulbs.
- Boguslavsky is a cold-resistant variety that can be grown in a greenhouse without any problems.
- Komsomolets – resistant to low temperatures, has a pinkish tint and a huge dense bulb.
- Gafuriysky - easily grows in a greenhouse, the growing season is about 3 months. Large bulbs of garlic keep well.
In addition, you can pay attention to such varieties as Gribovsky Yubileiny, Gribovsky 60, Otradnensky, Danilovsky Local.
Preparing greenhouse soil before planting garlic
Garlic grows quickly and gains strength in non-acidic, loose, moist soil. Moisture should be moderate, not excessive, otherwise it may harm the spicy plant.
The soil needs to be prepared for planting. Loves garlic organic fertilizers, based on this, one of the preparation options is mulching the beds.
Before planting garlic, the beds need to be mulched.
For the winter, it should be fertilized with plant tops, sawdust, straw, tree leaves, humus or manure. Shortly before planting, the soil is fertilized, loosened, and watered.
Can be used for feeding mineral compounds. Apply 5 kg per 1 m2 of land. fertilizers plus 30 gr. superphosphate and 25 g of potassium salt.
Before planting, it is better to dry the garlic thoroughly; it loves to “soak up” the sun. After this, the onion is divided into cloves, freeing them from the husk and from last year’s plug in the area of future roots.
Advice. The key to a good harvest is regular trimming of the arrows. It’s best to create it while curling the arrow.
If you are late, the nutrients will be spent on ripening the seeds, not the head.
Experts advise disinfecting the spicy plant before planting. It can be kept in a solution of bronze sulfate diluted in a proportion of 15 grams. on a bucket of water.
The distance between the garlic cloves when planting is 8 cm.
It is necessary to place the cloves in the bed at a distance of 8-10 cm between the teeth and 25 cm between the sequences.
Planting depth is 7 cm, in other words no more than 3 cm from the top of the clove to the surface. Deeply planted garlic takes a long time to ripen and has small heads.
Caring for garlic in a greenhouse
During the active growth stage, plants need to be watered intensively. But during ripening, watering is actually not needed.
Garlic shoots
The main care is to loosen the soil and control weeds. Garlic is not picky about temperature conditions, but bright lighting promotes the formation and rapid growth of large bulbs.
Attention! It is possible to prepare an infusion for processing tomatoes from the cut arrows. Spraying with infusion will protect tomatoes from late blight.
It is necessary to promptly notice the spread of the pest and treat the seedlings with special preparations.
Garlic arrows need to be removed
storage and harvesting of garlic
It’s time to start harvesting when the lower leaves of the garlic turn yellow and the arrow straightens. If you are late, the onion may break into cloves.
Advice. There is another method of growing garlic - for greens used for salad. Young greenery contains more vitamins and active substances than a mature onion.
Growing garlic for greens in a greenhouse is best done between the main growing seasons. To do this, it is necessary to select small or non-standard bulbs of any variety. Greens can be cut 20-30 days after planting, before the leaves turn yellow.
Garlic is harvested when the lower leaves begin to turn yellow.
Much more often, in preparation for storage, the roots and tops are cut off. But, some practitioners recommend storing garlic with pages. Then nutrients will move from the leaves to the head of garlic.
Immediately after harvesting, the garlic is cleared of soil and dried in the open air for seven days.
Garlic is an unpretentious crop, the effectiveness of its cultivation can please both beginners and skilled vegetable growers.
Garlic is perennial herbaceous plant, which belongs to the Amaryllidaceae family, the order Asparagusaceae and the class Monocots. The popularity of this vegetable crop among peoples around the world is easily explained by the presence of a specific pungent taste and characteristic smell. These parameters are associated with the presence of thioesters or organic sulfides in garlic. The seed material is high-quality bulbs or “cloves”.
Requirements for soil in a greenhouse
- Growing main crops in protected soil conditions is characterized by the use of natural soils, different types peat, compositions of peat and sandy or loamy soils, peat manure composts, mixtures of peat and sawdust, sawdust, tree bark, artificial mineral substrates.
- Before planting seeds in a greenhouse, it is necessary to fertilize with mineral fertilizers or manure the planting area.
The soil must meet the basic criteria and be distinguished by its inclusion in the composition large quantity active organics.
Planting and care
- Growing garlic in greenhouse conditions is important not only for health, but also for the protection of garden crops. The technological process of cultivating garlic is quite simple, but differs in a number of specific requirements. This garden crop is very sensitive to soil fertility.
- Caring for garlic is not difficult and requires watering in hot and dry weather, as well as the application of complex mineral fertilizers. Instant preparations are ideal. This fertilizer dissolves well in water and is ideally absorbed by garlic.
- The first feeding is carried out during the formation of 3 - 4 leaves. One tablespoon of urea is consumed per ten liters of water. The next feeding is carried out no later than two weeks after the first. For ten liters of water, two tablespoons of nitrophoska or nitroammophoska should be used.
The use of liquid fertilizers “Agricola” or “Fertility” has a positive effect.
Mid-season and bolting garlic. The growing season in a greenhouse takes 87-98 days. The variety is characterized by the presence of a long arrow and large aerial bulbs.
Boguslavsky
A cold-resistant variety of garlic that is easily cultivated in a greenhouse. It is distinguished by a grayish-purple shell.
Komsomolets
It is resistant to low temperatures. The garlic bulb is quite dense and large. The number of cloves does not exceed 12. The husk of the garlic bulb has a pinkish tint.
Gafuriysky
A mid-season and spicy variety, which is distinguished by large bulbs. The growing season does not exceed three months. This variety is easy to grow in a greenhouse and has a long shelf life and excellent keeping quality.
Diseases and pests
Root or onion mites cause maximum damage to garlic during storage. It can be introduced into greenhouse soil and infect garlic during the growing season. This pest feels comfortable in high humidity and is very thermophilic. The female is capable of laying 500 eggs, from which very voracious larvae emerge after ten days. The development of one generation takes a month.
The disease is manifested by damage to the bottom of the garlic with the appearance of brown and depressed spots that have different shapes and a tendency to blacken. The garlic cloves begin to gradually rot.
White-scaled varieties of garlic are especially susceptible to helminthosporium.
- Shooting garlic forms a flower stem at the top in the form of a ball, on which small bulbs that fit tightly to each other can develop. Spring garlic cannot form shoots.
- Planting of spring varieties of garlic in the greenhouse is planned for early spring. Later planting may affect the growing season of the plant, and the garlic bulbs will not be able to form properly.
- The optimal planting depth is no more than three centimeters from the top of the garlic clove to the ground surface. If you bury the garlic more deeply, you may not get a good harvest. This type of garlic ripens slowly and has very small heads. Winter varieties of garlic should be planted in the fall, before the onset of frost. This will allow the planting material to take root well and successfully form in the greenhouse. With such planting, the depth depends on the condition and composition of the soil, as well as the size planting material.
- To obtain a high-quality harvest, increased watering must be done during the period of active growth. Basic care consists of regular and shallow loosening and thorough weeding. The main conditions for the formation of large heads are the presence of sufficient lighting, correct temperature conditions and the absence of watering during the ripening period.
- When the arrows appear, it is necessary not to miss the moment of their curling. This period is optimal for breaking off. If you miss this important point, then all the nutrients will go not to the formation of a large garlic head, but to the formation of seeds.
- Removed arrows are a very effective means of making an infusion that can be used to process tomatoes. Such treatments prevent tomatoes from developing late blight. The hilling method contributes to a more correct formation of the garlic head. This method is especially effective when applied shortly before ripening.
Garlic harvesting is carried out depending on weather conditions and occurs at the stage of yellowing of garlic leaves. Immediately after harvesting, the garlic is cleaned of soil residues and dried for a week.
After drying, it is necessary to cut off the roots and tops, leaving the neck no more than two centimeters above the shoulders. Winter varieties of garlic are stored worse than spring varieties and are most often used in the autumn. For more long-term storage the correct temperature and optimal humidity levels must be observed.
Growing winter garlic (video)
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Greenhouse cultivation of garlic is less hassle than growing the crop in open ground. The main thing is to control the climate so that the harvest does not depend on weather conditions. The winter variety is protected from freezing or early germination.
The spring variety tolerates spring frosts well, which makes it possible to plant them 1-2 weeks earlier. In a greenhouse, garlic will not rot and will ripen faster. Proper care the crop will bring a rich harvest.
Winter varieties of garlic ripen in the summer, when rain can cause rot. At the same time, a lot of crops are spoiled. This is why many people prefer greenhouse conditions.
Reference. In a greenhouse it is easier to control climate and moisture, which significantly reduces the risk of disease.
Humidity should be no more than 70%. For winter garlic There is no need to heat the greenhouse, as this promotes premature germination. The spring variety requires a heated area. In addition, in greenhouse conditions, garlic bolting is minimized.
Garlic varieties suitable for growing in a greenhouse
In the climatic conditions of Russia, two types of garlic are grown - winter and spring. They differ in external characteristics and method of cultivation. Thus, winter garlic has teeth of the same size, arranged in one row around the trunk inside the head. The bulb of spring garlic consists of a large number of cloves growing chaotically; the stem inside the head is not as strong as that of winter garlic.
Spring garlic is planted in the spring and harvested until mid-autumn. It reproduces with the help of tines; shoots with aerial bulbs produce only one variety of this variety.
Winter garlic is planted in late autumn and the fruits are harvested in mid-summer. This species reproduces by both aerial bulbs and teeth. But winter garlic does not store well. It is better suited for these purposes.
Let's look at several varieties of garlic that are ideal for growing in greenhouses or greenhouses:
- Gafuriysky. Non-shooting, belongs to the mid-early varieties. The period from full germination to technical ripeness is 83–90 days. Head weight – 12-34 g, number of cloves – 16-18. The structure is complex, the flesh is dense.
- Komsomolets. High-yielding species with a growing season of 120 days. The mass of the bulb is up to 30 g. It has from 6 to 13 teeth. Good resistance to low temperatures.
- Boguslavsky. The growing season from the massive growth of cloves to the lodging of leaves is 87-98 days. A high-yielding variety with a bulb weight of 45 g. It has 6 teeth.
- Alcor. Ripens in a greenhouse in 87 to 98 days. The shooting mid-season variety consists of 4-5 cloves. Head weight – 13-36 g.
We will also highlight the following varieties: Gribovsky Yubileiny, Gribovsky 60, Otradnensky and Danilovsky Local.
How to care for garlic to get a good harvest
In order for the harvest to be plentiful and the garlic cloves to contain all the useful elements, the plant needs feeding. Organic fertilizers, phosphorus and potassium are used. Growing includes timely care, which consists of removing weeds, cutting arrows and loosening the soil.
How to prepare greenhouse soil
In a greenhouse, the soil should be more fertile than in an open area. Peat compounds, sandy and loamy soils, peat compost, sawdust and bark are suitable for growing garlic.
The soil is prepared a month before sowing: the ground is loosened and fertilized with 5 kg of humus, 30 g of superphosphate, 25 g of potassium salt per 12 m² of bed. Nitrogen fertilizers do not apply.
Preparation of planting material
Prepares winter and spring garlic for sowing in different ways. grown from seeds and tines:
- the seeds are dried before planting;
- selected cloves are kept in a manganese solution for several minutes and planted on the same day. To prepare the solution you will need 1.5 teaspoons of potassium permanganate per 5 liters of water.
Spring garlic is grown from cloves that are first processed and peeled. Next:
- For approximately 1-1.5 months, the teeth for sowing are kept in a cellar or refrigerator at a temperature of 8-10ºC.
- The seed is soaked in water for 2 hours or in a Nitroammophoska solution for 7-8 hours at a rate of 5 g per 10 liters of warm water. When soaked in water after the procedure, the teeth are wrapped in a damp cloth and a plastic bag, and then placed in a cellar or refrigerator for 1-2 days. When soaked in Nitroammofoska, the cloves are planted directly into the ground. Soaking stimulates root germination, which accelerates the ripening of the crop.
Planting garlic and caring for it during its growth process
Winter garlic is planted at the end of November, before the first frost, so that it ripens by the end of July. It does not require heating in the greenhouse. Garlic is planted 5-6 cm deep with a distance of 8-10 cm between seeds, 5 cm between cloves, 20-25 cm between rows.
Spring garlic is planted as soon as the snow melts and the soil thaws - in April or May. It requires a heated greenhouse. Plant garlic 2-3 cm deep with a distance between cloves of 5 cm, 20-25 cm between rows.
Required care:
- 15-20 days after sowing, fertilizing is applied. The first time - with the appearance of 3-4 leaves. To do this you will need 1 tablespoon of humate or urea per 10 liters of water. The second time - no later than two weeks after the first feeding. Dilute 2 tablespoons of “Nitroammofoski” or “Nitrofoski” in 10 liters of water. Fertility or Agricola liquid fertilizers are also suitable.
- The required stable humidity is 65-70%. Water the garlic as the soil dries, approximately once every 15-20 days. Watering too much can lead to plant rotting.
- Garlic loves light. You will need to install phytolamps in the greenhouse in case of cloudy weather. In low light, small heads will grow.
- The soil is loosened no more than once a month.
- The arrows are removed at the beginning of their ripening so that the bulbs grow large.
Harvesting and storing garlic
Overripening garlic will cause the bulbs to break apart into cloves. The harvest is harvested when the lower leaves turn yellow, the heads become distinctly shaped, and the arrows drop to the ground. After digging, the garlic is dried for about 7 days.
To prepare for storage, the tops and roots are trimmed. Some people recommend storing with the leaves, which allows the nutrients to move into the bulb. Store garlic at a temperature of no more than 3 degrees, in the refrigerator or cellar.
Features of growing garlic: diseases and pests
Onion or root mites cause great damage to garlic during storage. It can enter the greenhouse and infect the crop during the growing season.
This pest is heat-loving and prefers high humidity. The female lays up to 500 eggs, the larvae of which will appear in 10 days and become very voracious. 4 weeks are enough for the development of one generation.
The disease manifests itself as damage to the bottom of the garlic with depressed and brown spots that tend to turn black. The garlic cloves gradually rot.
Attention! Sowing garlic after cabbage, tomatoes or cucumbers gives more guarantees of the absence of root mites. In addition, you can get rid of ticks during the growing season using Keltan or Rogor solutions 0.2%.
Planting with cloves and bulbs: what is the difference, what and when to choose
Repeatedly planting garlic cloves will lead to the accumulation of diseases. This means you will need planting material using bulbs. This is the name given to the aerial bulbs that appear on the shoots. The first year they grow as single-toothed bulbs, and the next year as full-fledged bulbs.
Preference is given to three methods of growing bulbs.
Traditional way
Sowing is carried out in early October:
- Initially, the soil is properly fertilized, 3-5 kg of humus is added per 12 square meters. m, dig up, level and make grooves of 3 cm at a distance of 12 cm from each other.
- The bulbs are placed in the grooves and covered with soil.
- Water well and at the end of autumn, coniferous spruce branches are thrown over for snow retention.
- By the end of July, the bulblets will grow into single-pronged bulbs, which are planted in the fall to produce multi-pronged bulbs next year.
Direct way
In the usual way, one-toothed ones are grown, and in the fall they are left to overwinter in the ground. Next spring, thin out so that there is a distance of 20-25 cm between rows and 12 cm between plants. This is necessary for the formation of bulbs of normal size.
Growing through winter
Sowing of bulblets is carried out in early June. In mid-September, they develop 4-5 leaves, a strong stem and a good root system. Next year they will grow into full-fledged bulbs.
Winter garlic, which shoots at the top of the stem, forms a flower-shaped ball. Small bulbs develop on it.
Spring garlic does not form shoots.
Spring varieties are planted in the greenhouse in early spring. Late planting will affect the growing season of the plant, and the garlic heads will not form properly.
The most suitable planting depth is no more than 3 cm from the top of the tine to the ground surface. If garlic is deepened too much, it will be difficult for it to germinate. This will allow the garlic to ripen slowly and produce small bulbs.
Winter types of garlic are planted in the fall, before the onset of frost. This will properly strengthen the roots and allow the planting material to form well in greenhouse conditions. The planting depth depends on the condition of the soil and the size of the cloves.
During the active growth of garlic, increased watering is necessary, but without fanaticism. Basic care for the crop consists of periodically loosening the soil and careful weeding, good lighting, suitable temperature conditions and stopping watering during ripening.
It is important not to skip the curling of the arrows. This period is the most optimal for breaking them off. If you do this on time, the nutrients will go to the development of a large head, and not to the formation of seeds.
Reference. An infusion for processing tomatoes is prepared from the removed shoots. This treatment prevents the appearance of late blight.
In order for the garlic head to form correctly, hilling is used. This method is especially useful shortly before ripening.
Cultivation of garlic in a greenhouse all year round as a business
Growing garlic for sale is becoming increasingly popular. This is a very profitable business - with minimal investment, profits are possible that are several times higher than the costs.
The product is highly regarded and there is demand for it all year round. This business is suitable for both retirees who have a small plot of land and farmers who grow crops on an industrial scale.
Profitability
Many novice businessmen are skeptical about this idea. They believe that the demand for garlic is much lower than for other vegetables and you can’t make much money from it. But this is how people who are far from agriculture think.
Garlic is a valuable food product. Although in small quantities, it is consumed in every family, and during the conservation period, demand increases several times. In addition, in almost all CIS countries, most national and familiar dishes cannot do without this root vegetable: both Georgian pilaf and Ukrainian borscht require the addition of garlic.
Reference. About 1 ton of planting material per hectare will be required, and harvesting will exceed this amount by 10-13 times. At the same time, the cost of the product is about $1.5, and the retail price is several times higher.
Sales income depends on the quantity of products and the sales method. The highest profits come from retail sales. The price of garlic ranges from 100-150 rubles. per kg. Another way to sell products is wholesale. In this case, the cost per 1 kg is 60-80 rubles. This gives the advantage of handing over all the goods at once, without worrying about the conditions of their storage.
Keep in mind that large-scale farming will require special equipment, storage warehouses, and hiring workers, and these are additional costs. The profitability of growing winter garlic will be 70-80%, while in retail sales it reaches 150%. Judging by the calculations, the garlic business is considered stable and highly profitable.
Sample business plan
A business plan for greenhouse garlic cultivation should be drawn up in advance for implementation.
To open a business you will need:
- renting land if you don’t have your own plot;
- purchase or rental of equipment;
- hiring workers;
- purchasing planting material (which is risky to do in large quantities without prior verification);
- planting and processing garlic;
- sales
Initially, significant investments will be required, but after 8-12 months the business will pay off. IN next years the amount will increase significantly, since at the beginning the purchase of tools and materials is required, in particular, garlic seedlings of various varieties.
Pitfalls
Growing Garlic open method fraught with risks and difficulties for the organization. Main disadvantages: expensive material for sowing, dependence on weather conditions, complexity of mechanization. There is a risk of purchasing a batch of planting material that turns out to be unsuitable.
experienced farmers:
- Growing garlic in one place more than three times in a row leads to degeneration of the crop. Ideally, grow garlic in the same area at intervals of 2 years so that the soil can rest, recover and be filled with useful minerals from other crops.
- Both spring and winter species they will not produce more than one harvest per year.
- Greenhouse cultivation of garlic is unprofitable on a large scale, but for personal use it is a completely suitable option.
Just a note. Garlic is even planted in the garden, as it helps fight pests.
Conclusion
Garlic is considered one of the most unpretentious crops, but if you want to get bountiful harvest, minimal care is still needed. Growing this crop in a greenhouse makes it possible to obtain a harvest all year round. Compliance with agricultural technology will reward the farmer with a high-quality and abundant harvest.