On the shore of a picturesque bay with clear and clean water, closed by ridges of mountains and beech forests, on the southeastern coast of the Crimean peninsula, there is a small resort town. In ancient times it had many names - Sidagios and Surozh, Soldaya and Sugdeya. Today it is known under the name Sudak; a vacation in Crimea spent there will be remembered for a long time.
Where is the city in Crimea?
Sudak is a small city, the administrative center of the Sudak urban district. It is located in the middle part of the southeast of Crimea. The climate here is extremely mild and dry, cloudy weather is the least likely to happen here, and the number of days in the swimming season breaks all records compared to the rest. Not far from it there are no less popular and.
Sudak on the map of Crimea
GENERAL INFORMATION
- The population is almost 17 thousand people.
- Area – over 23 km 2 .
- Founded in 212
Where to stay in Sudak on vacation?
Upon arrival in any city, the first task of any tourist is to find accommodation. In Sudak you can find many places to stay to suit every taste and cost. There are plenty of hotels and small boarding houses here. When reserving a place in your favorite establishment, do not be fooled by the inscription. It is recommended to additionally inquire about food conditions, the distance of the beach, the availability of the Internet and a swimming pool.
It is deservedly considered a good option for recovery, where they specialize in the treatment of ailments of the respiratory system. The location of the health complex will also delight guests, as the best attractions of Sudak are within walking distance. provides tourists with a luxury vacation, located at the foot of the famous Genoese fortress. Guests of this hotel never complain about the lack of attention from the staff.
Those who are interested and at a low cost can use the services of apartment and house owners. As in any other resort town in Crimea, in Sudak the private sector is represented by many offers. Do not forget that a low price sometimes means a relatively remote area of the settlement and poorly developed infrastructure. However, the city is small, so you can safely choose more budget options.
Despite its small size, the city and surrounding areas are incredibly rich in attractions. It is recommended to start a tour of Sudak with a perfectly preserved 14th-century complex, striking in its scale and powerful defensive fortifications. There is a museum on the territory of the fortification - small, but very valuable and informative.
A place that should definitely be included in your plan for exploring the resort is the notorious. It consists of a dozen stone sculptures that, thanks to the forces of nature, have acquired the shapes of people and animals. It is recommended to watch the stones longer - change direction sun rays as if it brings the figures to life, adding mysticism to them and periodically creeping fog. This place can look creepy, but sometimes it seems incredibly beautiful. Why else is it worth getting here? Episodes from ! The stone where Varley performed the dance has still been preserved and has not disappeared anywhere. Where else can you take a photo to remember Sudak, if not in the Valley of Ghosts?!
Crimea is also rich in other natural reserves. Holidays in Sudak also include a visit to the picturesque mountain and cape of the same name. This place will delight lovers of solitude with nature. A little to the south, in the expanses of the Black Sea, lies a mysterious one, which is often visited by beachgoers and those who want to get a small dose of adrenaline.
Where to go in Sudak with children?
Despite the actively developing tourism infrastructure, Sudak is first and foremost. The air here is filled with phytoncides, 
and a hot and mild climate can warm up a weakened body. Here the water in the sea remains warm longer than in other bays of Crimea.
Consequently, mothers and fathers come here with their children. On the beaches you can meet a huge number of families relaxing, both with babies and teenagers. The coastal zone can offer any kind of active recreation, and a pleasure boat runs along Sudak Bay, allowing you to see the city from the sea side.
An excellent place for a family holiday is the city. Located on , it offers many attractions for children of all ages. There are also activities for adults here, and after fun games in the water, the whole family can drink tea in one of the cafes. You can see other places in Sudak with your child.
Where can you eat in Sudak?
The traditional menu in cafes and restaurants in Sudak is resort cuisine. All this means that visitors will most likely be offered kebabs or fish dishes. There are also more conceptual establishments here. The unique Fortecia restaurant invites guests to taste the masterpieces of Turkish cuisine in a chic setting with gilded elements and luxurious carpets.
Sudak also has its own peculiarity regarding food establishments - here canteens are coming back into fashion. Of course, places like “Home-style Dining” have nothing in common with Soviet public catering establishments - this is a completely new format, offering beautiful and high-quality dishes of almost restaurant level at an affordable price. Judging by the reviews, this concept of folk canteens was to the taste of both guests and residents of the city.
How to get there from Simferopol?
There are several ways to get to Sudak from Simferopol Airport, the most popular being the bus. There is both direct communication between the cities and transit, when transport goes to Morskoye.
It will be faster to get to Sudak by car, since in this case there will be no additional stops. The distance is about 100 km, which is about an hour and a half. On the map the route looks like this:
Crimea-ManiaThe next post will continue - a collection of old pre-revolutionary recipes and our simple version shown in the photo.
And under the cut are the recipes of V.V. Pokhlebkin and N.I. Kovalev...
2000 N.I. KOVALEV “Russian Cuisine” (..as a manual for students of higher educational institutions).
BODY. Now only one of the varieties of fish is called telny (Fig. 16). In the old days, this word had a broader meaning: this was the name for all dishes made from crushed fish pulp (“body”). Therefore, cold appetizers (a round of veal with horseradish), dumplings for soups (ear with pounders, ear with tel), fillings for pies and pies (hearth pie with tel, etc.), were made from it, stuffed fish (pike perch) were made with it , pike, etc.), loaves were baked from it, and baked dishes imitating meat dishes (ham, turkey, etc.) were prepared during Lent. Unfortunately, most of these dishes are now completely forgotten, and the method of cooking has changed.
No. 607. Telnoe (an ancient method of preparation).
“Pick pike or pike perch from the bones, beat them with the butt of a knife; stir flour into water and lubricate it while whisking to bind.”
Fish pulp 0.5 kg, wheat flour 30, water 100.
No. 608. Telnoye without flour. They take pike perch, burbot, pike or other small-boned fish with white flesh (body), separate them from the bones and beat them with a masher in a wooden cup. Then add salt and ground pepper and knead until the mass of the body is separated from the hands and
cups.
No. 609. Telnoye with white bread. The flesh of the fish (fillet without bones and skin) is ground through a meat grinder, wheat bread soaked in milk, water or cream is added, mixed well, ground again, salt and pepper are added and mixed thoroughly.
Fish fillet 800, wheat bread 240, milk, water or cream 320, salt, pepper.
No. 610. Solid circles. The body mass is formed into a roll, wrapped in a napkin, the edges of the napkin are tightly tied, dipped in fish broth or water, boiled until tender (the napkin will swell and begin to lag behind the body), cooled in the same broth, removed, cooled, cut into mugs and served with horseradish, vinegar, and mustard.
No. 611. Telnoe (filling for pies). The cooked vegetable is cut into small pieces, sautéed onions are added and mixed.
Boiled vegetable 0.5 kg, onion 50, vegetable oil 20.
No. 612. Body hot. The cooked meat roll is cut into circles, poured with steam, saffron, tomato or other sauce, brought to a boil and served with various side dishes.
No. 613. Pike stuffed in the old-fashioned way. This dish was called “turned away pike”. The pike is cleaned of scales, the skin at the head is cut with a ring and removed with a “stocking”, trimming the flesh from the fins. Then the spine is cut at the caudal fin so that the tail remains close to the skin. The head of the carcass is cut off, gutted, washed well, the flesh is separated from the bones, and the resulting pulp is used to prepare the body in any way. For the body, you need to take additional pulp from another fish. Along with the fish pulp, raw onions are also ground, and then a raw egg is added.
The removed skin is stuffed with body mass, the head is applied, the carcass is wrapped in a napkin, tied with twine and cooked with the addition of salt, spices, and onions. You can add onion peels to the broth or water for boiling pike so that the body turns yellow. Then stuffed pike cool in the same broth, remove from the broth, unfold, cut crosswise, heat in sauce or cooled broth, the pieces are placed on a dish in the form of a whole carcass, poured over with sauce (saffron, white, steam). Garnish with boiled potatoes. Lovers sprinkle the stuffed pike with chopped garlic when serving.
The recipe depends on the size of the pike. For a pike weighing about 1.5 kg, you need to take 150 wheat bread, 200 milk, 1-2 eggs, 100 onions.
No. 614. Pike perch stuffed in the old-fashioned way. The pike perch is cleaned of scales, the gills and eyes are removed from the head, and cuts are made on the back on either side of the dorsal fin from the head to the end of the abdominal cavity, cutting the costal bones. After this, the spine is broken out along with the fin and the fish is gutted through the resulting hole. You will get a fish carcass with a cut on the back - a “boat”. The rib bones are carefully removed from the inside (you can leave them). The “boat” is stuffed with tel (with onion and egg), the cut is sewn up, the carcass is wrapped in a napkin and then cooked like stuffed tel pike.
No. 615. Fish cutlets and balls. Prepare fish mince with bread, form it into meatballs or cutlets, bread them in ground wheat breadcrumbs, fry them with fat or vegetable oil on both sides, heat them for 5-10 minutes in the oven and serve them with various side dishes.
Per serving: fish fillet 80, wheat bread 24, milk or water 32, salt, pepper, fat or vegetable oil 10-15, crackers 10.
No. 616. Chopped fish zrazy. The word “zrazy” came into our everyday life only in the 18th century, probably from the Polish language, but the dish itself has been known for a long time. The prepared body mass (as for cutlets) is formed into flat cakes about 1-1.5 cm thick, minced meat is placed in the middle, the meat is closed, the products are given an oval shape, breaded in breadcrumbs, fried in a frying pan with fat and brought to readiness in the oven. .
For minced meat: fresh mushrooms are peeled, cut into small pieces and fried with onions, or dried mushrooms are boiled, then chopped and fried with onions, salt and pepper are added. Zrazy is served with various vegetable side dishes or buckwheat porridge.
Per serving: fish pulp 80, wheat bread 24, milk or water 32, salt, pepper.
For minced meat: fresh mushrooms 30 or dry 10, fat 20.
No. 617. Telnoe (yarn zrazy). Prepare the meat mixture with bread and milk. Place minced meat on a towel moistened with water, form zrazy with sharp ends and give them a crescent shape. Then the zrazy is dipped in beaten egg, breaded in breadcrumbs, fried in a large amount of fat, and heated in the oven. Garnish with green peas and fried potatoes. Tomato sauce is served separately.
For minced meat: finely chop boiled mushrooms, add sautéed onions, chopped boiled eggs, parsley, ground crackers.
Per serving: fish (fillet) 80-90, wheat bread 24-25, milk 32-35.
For minced meat: onions 40, fat 5, fresh mushrooms 30, eggs 1/4 pcs., crackers 2, greens.
No. 618. Loaf of bread. Add melted butter, yolks to the prepared fish chop (body with bread and milk) raw eggs and knead thoroughly. Then, stirring carefully, add well-beaten egg whites. The mold is greased with oil, sprinkled with breadcrumbs, filled 3/4 of the height with the prepared mass and baked. You can grease the mold with oil, fill it with the prepared mass and cook it by placing it in boiling water or steam it.
Fish (fillet) 200, wheat bread 30, milk 50, eggs 1/2 - 1 pc., butter 10 and another 10 for lubrication.
No. 619. Imitation from body. The companions of the Patriarch of Antioch Macarius were amazed that during Lent they were treated to hams, chickens, and piglets made from fish, and so skillfully that it was difficult to distinguish them from the real thing. For “hams,” for example, the mass was prepared from the pulp of pike or pike perch with the addition of salmon fish with pink flesh, shaped accordingly, fried or baked.
V.V. POKHLEBKIN “National cuisines of our peoples”
BODY
According to the type of fillet used— whole or chopped— distinguish between solid and whole
and body tattered. For both types of fish, river and sea fish are used., and for
Whole body fish should not be taken especially large fish- preferably up to 30-35 cm long,
for body chop, you can use any fish, as well as ready-made fish fillets.
Cooking consists of two operations— preparing the body and boiling it in boiling water with
spices
WHOLE WHOLE
750 g fish, 2 tbsp. spoons of wheat flour, 0.5 onions, 0.5 parsley roots, 2-3 bay leaves
sheet, 7-8 black peppercorns, 0.25 h. tablespoons anise or fennel seeds, 2 hours spoons of salt with
on horseback, 1.25 liters of water.
1. Clean the fish from scales and fins, spread along the ridge into two halves, Not
removing the skin, Remove each half from the bones and roll tightly into a roll.,
tie with thread, so as not to turn around. Roll the rolled fish halves well in
flour and place tightly in a gauze or calico napkin or a special bag, tight
having tied it with a harsh thread or twine.
2. Prepare salted boiling water with onions and spices and put the body in it
napkin for 15 minutes.
3. Let the body cool in a napkin 5 min, then remove and serve warm with those
or side dishes, like boiled fish(see above). Can be served cold with
hell, Why put it in the cold first and let it harden?.
BODY TYPED
500 g fish fillet, 1 egg, 2 onions, 1 tbsp. spoon of dill, 0.5 tsp. spoons of black
ground pepper, 2 tbsp. spoons of wheat or rye flour, 1 tbsp. spoon of parsley, 0.5 h.
spoons of body salt, 2 hours spoons of salt for decoction, 1 liter of water.
Chop the fillet into pieces no larger than 0.5 x 1 cm, mash with a wooden spoon,
mix with finely chopped onion and spices, then add the beaten egg, 1 tbsp. spoon
flour, mix everything into a homogeneous mass, shape it into a thick sausage, roll in
remaining flour and wrap tightly with a napkin(gauze, calico, linen), bandaged with a harsh
thread or twine. Boil the same way, as whole body.
BODY ROAST
Telnoye can not only be boiled, but also fry. For this purpose, from body mass(cm .
recipe above) you need to form small meatballs, roll them in flour(best served in rice)
and fry in a saucepan or deep frying pan in vegetable oil. Serve with
lemon and fried potatoes.
A little more than thirty years have passed since the appearance of the first boilies for fishing for carp, carp, crucian carp and some other types of fish. An increasing number of fishermen, having become convinced of the effectiveness of this attachment, began to sculpt boilies for carp with their own hands. Manufacturers of fishing equipment also responded to this process by launching the production of related products for the production of tasty balls.
It is appropriate to make boilies with your own hands in the following cases:
- saving money;
- the ability to prepare bait for a specific body of water;
- creative motives, the desire to outdo branded attachments.
Before you make boilies, you need to select the main components for their preparation. Here's the main thing we need:
- dry base mixture - recipes for mixtures are given below;
- eggs - preferably the freshest;
- dyes - food dyes, at least from the Easter set;
- flavorings - chosen at the discretion of the fisherman, but the main preference is, of course, sweet;
- Protein supplements are an optional but desirable component.
Boilie base recipes
To begin with, we will give examples of the most common dry mixtures, on the basis of which boilies are made at home. Depending on the main component, they can be corn, wheat, soy or buckwheat.
- Corn flour - 400 grams;
- Soy flour - 200 grams;
- Semolina - 150 grams;
- Milk protein (available in stores sports nutrition) - 100 grams;
- Hemp - 50 grams;
- Roasted sunflower seeds - 50 grams;
- Salt (preservative) - 50 grams.
- Corn flour - 300 grams;
- Milk protein - 250 grams;
- Soy protein (sold in large supermarkets) - 200 grams;
- Semolina - 150 grams;
- Salt - 50 grams;
- Roasted sunflower seeds - 25 grams;
- Hemp - 25 grams.
- Ground cake - 300 grams;
- Soy flour or ground soybean – 200 grams;
- Corn flour or corn flakes – 100 grams;
- Semolina flour – 200 grams;
- Powdered milk – 200 grams.
- Ground birdseed - 100 grams;
- Powdered milk - 100 grams;
- Rice flour - 100 grams;
- Wheat flour - 100 grams;
- Corn flour - 100 grams.
Composition 5: for dusty boilies
- Flax and hemp seeds - 300 grams each;
- Buckwheat – 500 grams;
- Corn flour – 300 grams;
- Semolina – 200 grams;
- Corn syrup (corn syrup or invert sugar syrup) – 500-600 grams.
In addition, the mixtures from which homemade boilies are kneaded and cooked include:
- ground biscuits;
- cookies or gingerbread;
- ground breadcrumbs;
- coconut flakes (for floating or dusting boilies);
- bran;
- fish protein;
- betaine;
- puffed rice (also used for floating or dusting boilies).
Compositions containing milk protein are intended for catching carp, carp or crucian carp in cold water, since the fish strives to get enough without spending a lot of its energy.
Mixtures with milk powder increase the buoyancy of boilies.
There is no need to blindly copy the above mixtures; it is better to constantly experiment, writing down recipes, the dates of their use, and the performance of the resulting baits on specific bodies of water in a separate diary. Then, having made certain conclusions, it will be possible to make boilies with your own hands for a specific pond and its inhabitants.
Flavoring and coloring of boilies
What smell a homemade boilie needs and what color to paint it, each fisherman decides in his own way. As a basis, you can take the aroma and color of factory-made boilies, which the fish prefer in this particular body of water. And by slightly changing the taste and smell of the product, you can make a truly killer attachment.
The choice of aromatics in modern fishing stores is huge. In addition, you can use the natural smells of berries, fruits, vegetables, honey, and so on.
Tools and accessories
In order to make it easier to make boilies at home, you need to acquire special tools. Here, manufacturers of fishing products took care of home cooks and established mass production of these devices. So, we will need:
- Container for kneading dough. It can be found in any kitchen of a good housewife or owner.
- Board for rolling out boilies. It is a wavy surface with grooves. It is advisable to have one board for each size.
- Sieve.
- Spoon.
- A saucepan for boiling balls.
- The stove is gas, electric or even wood-burning.
- Microwave for making floating boilies.
In addition to the indicated devices, advanced carp anglers also have in their arsenal the following “bells and whistles”:
- Dough mixer. It can be part of a food processor or represent an independent power tool.
- A pneumatic gun with several replaceable tips of different diameters for squeezing sausages out of dough onto a cutting board.
- Table for rolling boilies. This is the same board for rolling boilies, only big and on its own legs.
Manufacturing
The process of preparing boilies should begin with choosing a base mixture and composing it in the specified proportions. Then the mixture is weighed, and eggs are beaten by hand in a separate bowl at the rate of 8-12 eggs per kilogram of dry mass. Before mixing the eggs with the dry composition, you should add the flavors and dyes you prepared to attract wild and domestic carp or crucian carp.
Attention! Dry aromatics and dyes need to be added to the dry mixture, liquid attractants should be mixed with beaten eggs!
Now you need to gradually add the dry mixture into the egg mass, stirring constantly with a clean wooden spoon or spatula. Then we begin to knead the resulting dough until it stops sticking to our hands. This operation can be entrusted to a dough mixer if you have one.
From the kneaded dough we make sausages (those with a pneumatic gun squeeze them out) of the required thickness. Place the sausages on a table or cutting board across the grooves. Cover with a lid and roll it, gradually increasing the pressure, back and forth 3-4 times. The resulting balls, by the way, do not have to be perfectly round, are sent for final processing. 
Final processing
Depending on how we intend to use the boilies in the future, the method of processing them depends.
Semolina boilies
Separately, you need to consider semolina boilies. Because carp fish They love semolina very much, then it is advisable to prepare mini-baits from this cereal and use it for fishing. First of all, this concerns roach or crucian carp, but carp, carp or bream are also not averse to eating such mini-boilies; they are also called red mullets or pellets.
- We take water and semolina in equal proportions.
- Pour semolina into boiling water. At this point, the necessary flavors and colorings are added.
- When the semolina has absorbed the water, remove the pan from the stove and begin to knead the resulting porridge: first with a spoon, then, as it cools, with your hands.
- Stir until there are no lumps left in the porridge.
- Roll out the resulting mixture on a table or board into balls of the desired size.
- We string the balls with a needle onto a red thread and send them to dry. The red thread shows the best result in terms of catchability. The longer they dry, the stronger they become and the longer they do not get wet in water. The minimum drying time is two to three hours depending on the air temperature. The optimal drying time for semolina boilies is two days.
- We cut the threads and tie their ends together with a double knot. When fishing, we will hook a hook to this thread.
You can store semolina balls at room temperature in a dry place. Over time they only become harder.
Fishing tackle
Each angler has a different approach to choosing gear. Some people prefer to buy a fishing rod that is elegant in all respects, while others have one thought about this - the main thing is that the fish are caught, no matter what fishing rod. Both of these opinions are extremes on the issue of attitude towards gear, and the truth lies somewhere in the middle. Of course, you can still find anglers who catch salmon fish with a regular fishing rod, but still the trend towards spinning or fly fishing is more than obvious.
Before going to the store for fishing tackle, you need to have a few thoughts about your future purchase, because when you come to the store, your eyes will undoubtedly run away from the huge assortment. If you are just starting to learn the basics of fishing, then do not try to embrace the immensity and master all the methods of fishing and try all the gear. This is almost impossible, but turning your home into a warehouse is quite possible (if you have enough money, of course). To prevent this from happening, you need to at least theoretically examine several questions, namely:
1) what type of fishing are you most attracted to?
2) what kind of fish will be your catch?
3) purchasing what gear is possible.
If a beginner has a choice between spinning and fly fishing, the choice will fall in favor of the first. Fly fishing is difficult to master, but it has a number of advantages in certain conditions. With fly fishing you do not need to make a lot of transitions from place to place, but it can only be used on open banks, not overgrown banks. It is better to fish hard-to-reach places in the reservoir using a spinning rod. There is practically no difference in catchability between spinning and fly fishing. There is an opinion that when fly fishing, large fish are rarely caught, unlike spinning, but this is a misconception. Whatever fish the fisherman focuses on, that’s what he’ll come across.
If it is not possible to purchase fishing tackle, then you can make your own. Some experienced fishermen customize the gear to suit themselves, but this is a lot of work, so it is better to purchase the main components - fly cord, fishing line, rod, reel, and if you want to do something yourself, then artificial flies and not large number You can make spinners by hand.
Spinning tackle
The required elements of spinning tackle are the rod itself, a reel with fishing line and a spoon. It must be remembered that the working condition of the spinning rod must be harmonious. In order to correctly select the required elements, for beginners we can recommend using the rule: if the expected catch weighs up to 2 kg, then you should use a light class of gear; for fish weighing from 2 to 8 kg, medium class gear is required, and if over 8 kg, then heavy class gear. Let's take a closer look at each class.
Light tackle class means a rod with a length of about 2 meters and light weight. The coil should be installed inertia-free, and it does not matter whether it is closed, half-closed, or open. For the class under consideration, inertial coils are completely unsuitable, and also not the best option is multiplier. The spoon should weigh no more than 15 grams, and the diameter of the fishing line should be only 0.2-0.3 mm.
Middle class is used most often and this type of spinning rod is considered universal. The rod should be rigid and its length should be 1.8 - 2.4 meters. This is the kind of rod that is suitable for spinners that weigh from 10 to 40 grams. The middle class is less restrictive for the fisherman in choosing a reel, and the use of both spinning and inertia reels is allowed. No one prohibits cartoons either. A fishing line with a diameter of 0.4 mm should have a reserve in the reel, and at least 100 meters.
The heavy class of tackle, as a rule, involves a two-handed rod, the length of which should be at least 220 centimeters. You can use either an inertial or a multiplier reel. Open spinning reels large sizes can only be used when the fishing line has a diameter of less than 0.5 mm. For the heavy spinning class, 40 gram spinners are suitable. Line should only be used with a diameter of at least 0.35 millimeters.
Video about choosing a spinning rod
Coil selection
There is such a wide range of reels on the counters that it is very difficult to give preference to just one. Experienced fishermen are advised to choose open spinning ones, except when using a fishing line of 0.35 mm and above. In such cases, using multipliers is more correct. If the diameter of the fishing line is more than 0.25 mm, then using an inertia-free closed reel is strictly prohibited.
Any inertial reel, be it the most ordinary one or an expensive multiplier, has a big drawback: if you don’t swing it properly when casting, the spinner will not fly far, so a large amount of free space is needed. Inertia reels are also difficult to use in the presence of wind. With the help of a conventional reel, the speed of getting prey to the shore is greater, however, the danger of breaking the line is higher, so you should use a line with increased strength.
Multiplier and spinning reels are equipped with a brake lever that can be adjusted. Typically this lever is set approximately halfway from the line break. Thus, if the line breaks at 6.8 kilograms, then the brake is set to 3.5 kg.
Video about choosing a spinning reel
Choice of spinners
If you plan to catch fish from the salmon family, then you can choose absolutely any spoon - rotating, oscillating, and wobblers. If the type of spoon chosen is a “rotating petal”, then its weight should be up to 15 grams, and if you need something heavier, then you can use metal devons. However, many fishermen do not abandon the rotating type of spoon even when a weight of well over 15 grams is needed - they simply add a lead sinker.
Fly fishing gear
Currently, there are several fishing methods called fly fishing. The most famous is “household” fly fishing: you select a long rod, a slightly larger fishing line or cord, and also attach a hook with an attachment that imitates an insect (or the insect itself). Systems equipped with flies, such as "boat" or "water kite", are not fly fishing, but they are often confused. Also, a spinning rod with a heavy float and an artificial fly is not considered fly fishing.
Fly fishing has only three main components: a rod, a reel, and most importantly, a special line for fly fishing. It is for this purpose that the reel and rod are selected in a special way. Modern cords are made in such a way that there is a thread-like part in the middle, which is placed in a synthetic sheath. Fly fishing line is produced strictly according to calculations, so that, having a diameter of up to 2 mm, it has specified weight indicators.
The weight of the cord depends on what materials were chosen when making the cord, which means whether it will sink or not. Based on this, fly fishing lines were divided into floating (F) and sinking (S). Cords marked S have a smaller diameter than cord F. They also differ in color: the floating one is painted in light colors, and the sinking one is painted in darker colors. Different cords have different shapes: cylindrical cords (L), torpedo shaped (WF), tapered (ST), double tapered (DT). Thus, each fly fishing line has three characteristics, and if the package is marked DT10S, this means that the line is double tapered, weight class 10, sinking.
When purchasing, the question often arises: what shape to choose a fly fishing line? Even experienced fishermen do not have a definite answer to this question. Cylindrical cord is cheap and easier to use, suitable for both short and long-distance casting. However, the fly touches the water quite sharply, which can scare away the fish. To prevent this from happening, use a cone: smooth contact with water, great option for working with an average distance (about 6-15 meters). If the weather is windy and you need to cast over long distances, then a torpedo line is indispensable. However, ring casting with this line is very difficult to perform, it is expensive, and it is almost impossible to make it yourself.
Cords remaining on the surface of the water are used for catching fish rising from the depths of the reservoir, or if the fishing location is shallow water. Sinking lines must be used in deep water bodies or in rivers with high current speed. If the current is very strong, it is recommended to use sinking lines with a high sinking speed to the bottom and having a small diameter.
The external difference between fly fishing and spinning is noticeable even to a beginner. The first difference that immediately catches your eye is the different position of the reel seat - in a fly fisherman it is below the handle, at the very end of the rod. Fly fishing tackle has up to 8 guide rings, and their diameter is smaller than that of a spinning rod. Serpentine guides are also often used, but they cause big problems when casting long distances - the fly line gets tangled. It is also necessary to take into account the fact that each rod has its own weight class, and therefore it must be used only with a cord of a certain weight. If it is not possible to buy a separate rod for each class, then you can use three weights per tackle. For example, if a cord of weight class 7 is optimal for a fishing rod, then classes 6-8 are allowed.
A special reel for fly fishing gear is almost no different from conventional inertial reels. The role of a fly fishing reel is very small: it is intended only for storing fishing line and cord, and only in some cases is it used for its intended purpose. The drum is somewhat slow. This is done so that the cord comes out of the reel with some effort. Fly fishing reels are different types and sizes. A specific reel is used for a certain class of cord.
Fly fishing gear, like spinning gear, is divided into 3 groups, and the weight values of each fly fishing group are approximately equal to the spinning rod.
The first group is easy. The length of the one-handed rod reaches 2.4 meters, and the cord used is grade 4-6. The reel must correspond to the class of the cord.
The second group is average. The rod is up to three meters long, and the weight class of the cord is from 6 to 9.
The third group is heavy. A two-handed rod with a length of up to 5 meters is often used. The class of the reel and cord must correspond to gravity class 9-11.
When using fly fishing, only artificial bait should be used. Artificial baits are divided into three rather large groups: “dry” flies, “wet” flies and other fly fishing lures, including streamers and fly spoons.
Most often, an experienced fisherman uses a homemade fly.
Preparing a fly fisherman for fishing is always slowed down at the moment when you need to move on to the reel and line, because not many people know how to do it correctly, but there is nothing complicated about it. First you need to wind a fishing line with a diameter of 0.3-0.5 mm onto a reel, and a length of 100 meters will be enough. Then you need to firmly connect the fishing line with the cord, which also needs to be wound into a reel. After this, you need to fasten the leader with the leash and the fly to the cord.
A fly fisherman, like a spinning fisherman, cannot do without such additional items as a net, hook, pliers, a whetstone for sharpening a hook, and scissors. You also need to remember where the bait is stored. Many flies are small in size, so they need a tight and small box to store them. When fishing in inclement weather, waterproof clothing is advisable. The fisherman must prepare for fishing in the best possible way so that there are no distractions during fishing that can put him in a difficult situation.
Fly fishing video
Float rod
The float rod is the most used tackle. Its structure is intuitive and easy to use; it does not require any skills to cast.
Very often the rod itself is called a fishing rod, and this is incorrect. This is just a rod, a stick made of a special material that does not have any equipment. But a fishing rod is the name given to the equipment itself, which consists of at least a fishing line and a hook. A rod must be selected with a length of over 2.5 meters with sufficient flexibility and lightness.
The float rod is quite versatile. You can catch any fish with it middle zone Russia when used correctly. You can successfully fish with a fishing rod both from the shore and from a boat, in running or still water, at a small or large distance from the surface. It can be used from the opening of the river until freeze-up. The fishing rod is very simple and has no complex mechanisms, so you can do it yourself. The main components of a float fishing rod are a rod, line, sinker, float, hook, and leash.
Video about fly rod
Hook for float rod
Currently, there are many different hooks, however, ordinary single-bend hooks are in greatest demand. The width of such a hook is twice as large as their shank, and the ring head is bent inward. Of course, you can use other hooks, because each type of fishing requires a specific hook.
When using wheat and barley grains as bait, the most suitable hook is number 3-4, and if an earthworm or boiled potato is used, it is better to use number 10, which has a long shank.
For each fish you need to select a specific hook:
– for small fish or fry – No. 1-3
— small bream, crucian carp, roach, bleak – No. 4-6
– carp, bream, asp, carp – No. 7-10
- barbel, pike perch - No. 10-15.
Line for float rod
The big one in the float rod lies on the fishing line. It must meet a number of requirements:
- strength
— transparency, invisibility in water
- rot resistance
— uniform distribution fishing line thickness
- no stains, bubbles, dark spots
- smooth surface
- round section
When fishing for small fish, you should refrain from choosing a thick fishing line, because it is very rough and easily scares away the fish.
- if you are fishing for small fish, then a fishing line with a diameter of 0.1-0.15 mm will be more than enough
- for larger fish - 0.25-0.3 mm.
When choosing a fishing line it is worth special attention give it a color:
- V daytime Colorless fishing line is desirable, because when viewed from below it is almost invisible
— at night you need to give preference to the dark color of the fishing line.
You also need to choose fishing line according to other conditions:
— if fishing takes place in peat quarries or snags, then it is better to choose a fishing line with a brown tint;
- if there are thickets of grass, then a fishing line with a greenish tint is preferable.
Line diameter depending on the type of fish:
- when fishing for crucian carp, bleak, perch - 0.15-0.18 mm.
- carp, bream, small carp or pike perch, large crucian carp - 0.2-0.3 mm.
- grass carp, pike perch, carp - 0.35-0.4 mm.
Large carp, catfish, silver carp, grass carp – 0.5-1.0 mm.
Sinker for float rod
The simplest sinker for float fishing rods is grain. Beginners very often use nuts and nails instead of pellets, which is the key to unsuccessful fishing. The structure of the gear (which is disturbed by random objects) greatly affects the catch.
Float for float rod
The float has two purposes: it holds the weight with the hook at the required depth, and also gives a signal to the fisherman that a bite is occurring.
Floats, performing different functions, are divided into several groups:
1) Float for small fish. These floats are very small and light in weight. Excellent for fishing for perch and roach at shallow depths and a short distance from the shore.
2) Float for fishing in the absence of current. Such floats are used for catching crucian carp and roach in calm waters. Their main feature is that in small currents they can be used at depths of up to one and a half meters. The main requirement for this type of float is a small protruding part and little resistance when the fish bites. Good floats have a spindle shape.
3) Float for fishing with a noticeable current. If there is a current, then it can be affected by water jets and whirlpools, which greatly prevents the float from performing its main function - signaling a bite. In order to somehow stabilize the float, we decided to use a barrel-shaped shape. It is very difficult to place such a float on its side, and large diameter prevents immersion in water in a whirlpool. It is easy to control and quite stable.
4) Float for long casts. This float is suitable in cases where the fish are concentrated far from the shore. Such floats are attached with a locking unit, have a large weight and a sliding shape. With their help, you can cast bait 20 meters from the shore. To add weight to the float, you can attach a metal keel to it. With such floats, a spinning reel and running tackle are desirable.
Rod
An important part of any fishing rod is the rod. Its main purpose is to deliver the fishing line, float, sinker and hook with bait to the desired place in the water, then hook the fish and deliver it to the shore.
The float rod must meet the following qualities:
- long (within reasonable limits)
Elastic but at the same time flexible
- durable
- light weight
- balanced
— the action of the rod should be of medium hardness
- pass rings required
There are two types of fishing rod designs: composite and telescopic. Composite ones have three or more elbows that are connected by metal rods. In telescopic designs, each elbow extends one after the other.
It is unreasonable to argue with the fact that fishing in winter is much more exciting than in the warm season.
In winter, every fish caught is worth its weight in gold, every perch caught is crowned with a huge dose of adrenaline. But not every angler has yet realized that fishing in winter frosts can be much more productive than summer fishing. And this is especially true for catching pike perch.
Catching fangs in winter is incredibly exciting, exciting and rewarding, and there is no comparison with catching it in summer. In summer, you can catch pike perch well only at night, and even then for a very limited time - during July-August in stable weather. In winter, pike perch can be caught almost throughout the entire freeze-up period, with the exception of rare periods without biting, which last a maximum of 1-2 weeks.
Walleye fishing in winter
So, how does zander fishing happen in winter? Or more precisely, how is it fundamentally different from summer? In the summer, when searching for pike perch, you need to look for promising places - spits, underwater edges, riffles, various irregularities on the bottom.
In winter, you need to look for fish directly. In winter, pike perch migrate through the reservoir, moving in schools along a specific route throughout the day. All my pike-perch acquaintances call them “active schools,” that is, these are exactly the pike-perch that is looking for prey.
There are also passive schools of pike perch, they can be found in the usual pike perch places - the same braids, at the underwater edges, and other usual places. But that’s why they are passive, because they don’t want to take bait at all. Schools of passive pike perch simply hang around the bottom, half asleep, and a catch of 2-3 pike perch per day can be considered an outstanding success. But our prey - pike perch - is not from these schools.
Catching winter pike perch. Schools of active pike perch can not always be found at the bottom; quite often I had to feel their bites both in mid-water, and at a depth of 3-4 meters, and even near the ice itself. An active pike perch is active because it takes bait greedily, often without particularly understanding what exactly is offered to it.
We caught it with equal success using both large (more than 6 cm) and small winter lures. We didn’t notice much difference in the shades of the spinners - both yellow and silver ones worked equally well, regardless of the weather and water transparency.
However, water transparency is an important factor, but we will dwell on it below. And now it is important to understand that bait is not so important as a competent approach to finding fish. If you find an active fish, it’s yours, but if it’s not, there’s no boat (as well as fish).
How to look for pike perch in winter?
If you are used to sitting for hours near 1-2 holes and pouring kilograms of bait into them, you will not find pike perch. Get rid of this habit. You need to actively look for active pike perch. Every half hour to an hour you need to change places, drill new holes, and fish as much water area as possible. This is necessary because schools of pike perch never stay in one place for long.
Whatever tasty food the pike perch finds, after an hour the flock will move on, and your task is to find it again. Or predict the location of the flock's next move, which is not so difficult if you have even the slightest experience.
For winter pike perch fishing, it’s a good idea to think about light and at the same time warm clothing. It is very difficult to fish in padded jackets weighing several kilograms - your whole body will be wet from sweat, and your nose and fingers will still be frozen.
At the same time, many manufacturers offer excellent winter clothing, including boots and unique gloves. I won’t name brands, but I will say from my own experience that fishing is much more comfortable in special clothes. The body does not sweat, and the hands, despite open fingers, do not freeze.
After reading the previous paragraph, it may seem that finding pike perch in winter is not an easy task. This is partially true, but I hasten to assure you that this is only at first. Schools of active pike perch follow the same route every day.
And after 5-10 fishing trips, you will be able to accurately guess its location, no matter what time of day you come to the pond. I had to catch pike perch in different parts of the Dnieper and Oka, and everywhere schools of active pike perch followed a certain route, and local pike perch fishing enthusiasts perfectly guessed the course of the flock.
Tackle and equipment
Now let's focus on gear and equipment. The type of fishing rod is completely unimportant; an ancient foam winter fishing rod will do. High-quality transparent wood - up to 0.1mm in diameter. In principle, thicker fishing line can be used, but this will affect the number of bites.
Any bait is often suitable - foam rubber, winter lures, silicone. But preference should be given to small and medium winter spinners of silver color. Pike perch like them more, and they are easier to handle.
The pike perch tackle itself is indecently simple - a rod, a nod - a fishing line - a winter lure. If you have to fish at a depth of more than 6 m, and even in a strong current, it is advisable to equip the spoon with a small sinker. Of course, the spinner will lose its play, but if the spinner is carried chaotically by the current underwater, the chances of a bite will be truly minimal.
In addition to the gear, an angler planning to catch pike perch must have a good ice auger available. The word “good” implies not only sharp blades, but also proper placement of them so that there is less noise when drilling holes. This is what distinguishes the products of the best manufacturers from handicrafts.
Choosing gear for winter fishing Many drills (usually from Soviet times) create noise when drilling a hole that can scare away fish within a radius of 20-30m. Therefore, if you do not have the opportunity to use a high-quality drill, it is better to trust the pick.
The pike perch bite is fast and sharp, but not nearly as strong as in summer. And when playing, you generally wonder if it’s fanged? The pike perch follows the line without the slightest resistance.
Once, after one such bite, I was sure that I would pull out a 200-300 gram perch, but imagine my surprise when the head of a 1.2-kilogram zander appeared from the hole! The pike perch had to be released, since catching pike perch of this size with a good bite is blasphemy.
I advise you to adhere to these rules too. Release zander weighing about 1 kg; you can find fish many times larger.