R section Workshop compiled for beginner radio amateurs who want not only to assemble and make homemade products, but also to independently repair household electronics.
Z here You will find articles on repairs, starting with devices such as CD/MP3 players and ending with household compact fluorescent lamps. You will learn how to properly disassemble/assemble a CD deck of a car player and how to restore the functionality of a portable audio speaker. The main points of the repair are also discussed and high-quality photographs are provided for clarity.
N and pages This section contains information on how to repair a DVD player and stereo system. We talk about such typical malfunctions of modern color TVs, such as the appearance of colored spots on the kinescope screen. There are also articles about modern portable technology - MP3 players, portable sound speakers and small-sized LCD TVs.
D la For a more complete assimilation of information, high-quality photographs of the repaired devices and their components are provided. In some cases, circuit diagrams, photographs of radio components and their pinouts. All information provided is based solely on personal experience repair of consumer electronics.
To go to the article you are interested in, click the link or miniature picture icon located next to brief description material.
Happy renovation!
TV equipment repair
What should you do if your LCD TV has lost its firmware and won’t turn on? We reflash SPI Flash memory 25 series. A detailed manual for beginner radio mechanics and electronics engineers.
On Erisson TVs, a common fault is the 2SB764 transistor in the vertical scanning circuits. However, the fault appears again even after replacing the faulty transistor with a new one. The cause of the malfunction is a “bug”, an error in the design of the device. The article discusses in detail an example of eliminating this defect when repairing Erisson TVs models 1401 and 2102.
The article discusses the repair of a portable LCD TV Prology HDTV-909S. Malfunction - the TV does not turn on. During the repair of the portable TV, the 2SA2039 transistor was replaced with a domestic analogue, which did not in any way affect the performance of the Prology LCD TV.
Repair of equipment with a laser optical drive
The main part of any disk device is the laser drive. A little knowledge about repairing and eliminating the causes of failures of these devices will not hurt, especially for novice radio mechanics!
Basic malfunctions of DVD players and methods for eliminating them (No disk and Error). The most vulnerable parts of DVD players are the laser reader, spindle drive, driver and main processor. Recommendations for repairing and replacing faulty parts and components of DVD players.
How to quickly replace the optical laser unit in a DVD? A simple step-by-step technique will relieve novice radio mechanics from the painstaking work of disassembling a DVD drive and replacing the laser in it.
When repairing car CD/MP3 players, it is sometimes necessary to clean the lens of the optical laser unit and replace the spindle motor in the CD drive. How to properly and quickly disassemble/assemble a CD drive? The article discusses a step-by-step method for disassembling a CD drive; many photographs are provided for clarity.
Is your portable CD/MP3 player having trouble playing disc recordings? Learn how to troubleshoot your CD/MP3 player when playing a disc. An example from real-life repair practice, plus some tips on how to troubleshoot a portable CD/MP3 player.
Repair of sound-reproducing equipment
With this article we will begin our acquaintance with the device, circuitry, as well as the “components” of a car amplifier. Despite the apparent differences, all car amplifiers have a similar design and circuitry. The material presented in the article will help novice radio mechanics understand the structure of any car amplifier.
This article describes the device and repair speaker system SVEN IHOO MT5.1R. The information will be of interest to all those who are interested in independently repairing sound reinforcement equipment. An example of a real malfunction and repair methods. Attached is an archive with a schematic diagram of the device.
Despite the complexity of the circuitry of modern music centers, their malfunctions are quite typical. The practice of repair is shown using the example of troubleshooting a Samsung MAX-VS720 music center - a hoarse and quiet sound. Find out now!
Simple repair of the Xcube player. The most common malfunctions of miniature MP-3 players are mechanical breakdowns associated with intensive use of these popular devices.
Once they brought me a JBL Charge 3 Bluetooth speaker for repair, but it turned out to be not it... An example of repairing a cheap copy of one of the popular wireless speaker systems.
Recently, portable speaker systems, in English terminology - Portable Speakers, have become widespread. Portable speaker systems are especially in demand in youth environment. Portable speaker systems are small in size, good quality sound reproduction, autonomous power supply. What is the “electronic content” of these devices?
In repair practice, there are often cases when repairing a device is impossible due to the impossibility of replacing any electronic component. In such cases, you have to look for the most suitable replacement for the faulty part. The article discusses the repair of a portable speaker system. Instead of the faulty PAM8403 chip, the TDA2822 chip was quite successfully integrated.
According to the statistics of car radio malfunctions, in first place are breakdowns associated with the power circuits of these devices. Considered a simple repair of the Mystery MCD-795MPU car radio - burnt out protective fuse, the radio does not turn on. This repair technique is useful when repairing any car radios: cassette, disk, diskless (with USB).
Repair of various household radio electronics
This article describes the design and repair of an electric thermos kettle. The design and purpose of specific parts and electronic components are examined in detail.
This article discusses the concept of a thermopot. The main electrical components, as well as electronic components that are used in thermopots from different companies, are examined in detail. The information will certainly be useful to all those who want to repair a faulty thermos kettle themselves.
Instead of ordinary household incandescent lamps, compact energy-saving lamps come, which can be installed in a standard E27 (E14) socket. Despite the fact that energy-saving lamps are more durable than conventional incandescent lamps, they also fail. Price energy saving lamps quite high and their repair is justified at least for personal purposes. Especially when you consider the fact that in most cases the lamp itself is in good working order, but it is the high-frequency converter that fails, which is easy to repair.
SMD installation is one of the most difficult to repair, especially in the absence of special equipment and necessary spare parts. Each radio mechanic solves the problem of replacing SMD components for himself. Here is one example...
Electrical safety during maintenance and repair of radio-electronic equipment
When repairing electrical installations, electronic devices and electrical wiring, you must follow simple electrical safety rules. The article briefly describes some of the techniques and rules that radio amateurs and electricians use in everyday practice.
Electrical equipment of vehicles
This article is devoted to the electrics and electrical equipment of an ordinary Chinese scooter. Almost all elements of the electrical circuit of the scooter, their purpose and features are described. The information will be of interest to all owners of Chinese scooters who are not familiar with the electrical equipment of the scooter, but want to learn more about it.
A malfunction of the scooter relay regulator leads to undesirable consequences: the lighting lamps burn out and fail battery, over time, the battery charge decreases and you have to start the scooter with a kickstarter. You can check the relay regulator on a scooter using a multimeter. Read about how to do this here.
Power supply repair
The second part is a continuation of the first part and examines the composition and operation of the circuit management and control welding inverter.
5 parts are devoted to the circuitry of PC power supplies. Each of them talks about one of the electronic components of a switching power supply (UPS). Schematic diagrams are provided, as well as circuit solutions used in a specific circuit and possible malfunctions are described.
This series of articles will help those novice radio amateurs who want to learn how to repair, upgrade and independently analyze the circuitry of real power supplies. And although diagrams of electronic components of AT form factor UPSs are given as examples, the information provided will help you understand the principle of operation of a computer UPS and further understand the design of more complex ATX format UPSs.
Read carefully and to the end, information awaits you that in the near future can change your life and allow you to constantly receive a stable and decent income.
Course: How to Repair Household Appliances - theoretical and practical material for learning how to repair household appliances, accessible to everyone.
A course of easy-to-understand lessons will allow you to:
➪ Understand how household appliances work.
➪ Know and understand the correspondence of the breakdown to its cause.
➪ A course of video lessons will allow you to fix various breakdowns of household appliances yourself.
➪ Will allow you to avoid dragging equipment to the workshop.
➪ Don’t pay decent money for repairs.
➪ Plan your time and finances.
➪ Increase self-esteem.
➪ Open your profitable business.
You will learn and study - architecture household appliances, learn how household appliances work, learn how to disassemble household appliances, and also learn the rules for proper sequential repairs.
The course of video lessons is useful techniques, lessons, instructions, courses on repairing household appliances.A course of video lessons will help you understand the secrets of repairing household appliances.
The course offered to your attention includes easy-to-understand courses, books, manuals, and instructions containing:
- The sequence of searching for a breakdown and how to repair a washing machine, how washing machines work, the methodology for determining the cause of the breakdown and its elimination, as well as how to do it yourself and successfully.
- List of breakdowns and the answer to what caused the breakdown washing machine.
- Ways to find the cause of a dishwasher breakdown, how it works dishwasher. An accessible method for finding the cause of the malfunction and the correct methodology for how to carry out successful repairs are given.
- A list of faults and where to look for the cause of a specific fault is included.
- You will learn how a microwave oven works and how it works, logical ways to correctly troubleshoot and fix it. List of faults and the answer to where to look.
- Instructions are provided - how the hob works, how to repair the hob, how to identify the problem unit and make the correct repair of the hob and electric stove. List of faults and the answer to where to look.
- You will learn how they work, methods for finding the cause of a breakdown, as well as a list of faults and how to repair electric boilers. Find out when there is no point in repairing an electric boiler.
- How to repair an oven and electric oven, how an oven works, the main causes of breakdowns, and ways to correct them correctly and unambiguously. List of faults and solutions.
- How to repair electric ignition, the principle of operation of electric ignition gas stoves and surfaces. Major breakdowns and their elimination and correct unambiguous repair.
- All the secrets of repair revealed washing and dishwashing equipment, hobs and electric stoves, ovens and electric ovens, microwave ovens and microwave ovens, electric boilers and other equipment. Provided: a list of faults and solutions.
- How to properly connect an electric boiler, and why connect an electric boiler correctly.
- Bonuses and gifts: additional books, instructions and videos, a worthy and useful addition to the presented courses.
- Great library Video lessons on repairing household appliances. More than 200 lessons.
Modern man is surrounded by household electrical appliances and over time they break down. Published examples of repair of electrical appliances, illustrated with photographs, such as an electric kettle, multicooker, iron, hair dryer, electric heater, dehumidifier, flashlight, stun gun and others, will help the home craftsman repair them on his own.
Thanks to detailed description principle of operation and design of the listed electrical appliances, any technician will be able to independently eliminate a malfunction that is not given in the examples.
Electrical circuit of an electric kettle and the principle of its operation. The design of the kettle, a system of protection against overheating and automatic shutdown when water boils. Power indicator and backlight device. Examples of repairing electric kettles, fixing water leaks with your own hands.
Electrical diagram of a multicooker and the principle of its operation. Multicooker device, power supply and control unit, trip fuse. An example of repairing a multicooker with your own hands. Checking thermistors, error codes, why the display does not light up, modes are not remembered. Lid hinge repair.
Electrical circuit of the iron and the principle of its operation. Design and setting of a thermostat, temperature fuse. How to check the heating element. An example of repairing an iron with your own hands. How to replace the power cord. Ironing temperature of fabrics.
The device, electrical circuit of the hair dryer and the principle of its operation. External manifestations, causes and methods of troubleshooting hair dryer. Examples of DIY hair dryer repair. How to repair or replace the power cord. Repair of the spiral and thermal protection.
Electrical circuits of heaters and the principle of their operation. How to disassemble a heater. Finding a heater malfunction using the example of do-it-yourself repair. How to check the power cord, operating mode switch, heating element, position sensor, temperature fuse. Ceramic heater repair.
Electrical circuit, structure and principle of operation of a condensation air dryer. An example of repairing a dryer with your own hands. How to check the gyrostat, tank water level sensor, fan, compressor. Checking and repairing the control unit and operating mode indicators.
The design and principle of operation of quartz electric watches. When to change the battery. Preparing the watch for replacing the battery, unscrewing the cover, removing the battery. How to check the suitability of a battery and select a new one for replacement from the table provided. Battery interchangeability. How to close a snap lid.
The article provides electrical diagrams of LED rechargeable flashlights, including those with charging from a household network. The principle of operation and modification of the circuit to eliminate circuit errors are considered. Examples of repairing flashlights and replacing a standard Chinese battery with a Russian equivalent are given.
Repairing household appliances is quite possible with your own hands, but this is not always possible, since modern devices are very complex in technical parameters and finding a fault is not as easy as it might seem at first glance. It is worth noting that household appliances are an important component of every home, and it is simply impossible to do without them. It is hardly possible to imagine a person who washes his own clothes, cooks food over a fire, or heats water using an iron cup rather than a kettle.
Advantages of professional equipment repair from specialists
Repairing electrical appliances is quite difficult, since there are an incredible number of models, brands and types of products. Each device has a specific electrical diagram, which a beginner is not always able to deal with.
To restore the operation of a gadget that is so necessary for the home, experts recommend contacting an organization such as an electronics workshop.
There are a number of advantages to collaborating with experienced people, which are worth familiarizing yourself with before the equipment is even more damaged when you repair it yourself. Technician service centers offer comprehensive diagnostics, through which even the slightest malfunction can be detected.
Advantages:
- Detailed advice is provided regarding the breakdown, method and cost of repair, as well as how to avoid such a situation and operate the product correctly.
- Service centers provide installation of only original spare parts, and the use of budget parts is possible only with the client’s permission and when drawing up paperwork.
- IN service center Professional service is provided, as only qualified specialists are hired, which emphasizes the prestige of the center.
- After repairing any household appliance, the device is configured, adjusted and calibrated so that the customer can receive the installation fully operational and suitable for use.
Service at the service center provides the opportunity to obtain a warranty and repeat free repair, if the breakdown occurs precisely because of the technician’s oversight. Carrying out repairs from a specialist will be much faster than searching for diagnostic devices yourself, as well as parts for resuming work.
Reasons for repairing electrical appliances
What to do if electrical equipment breaks down, and is it possible to repair it yourself? If visually the outlet does not raise any suspicion, then you need to connect any other device to this connector. As soon as there is evidence of its serviceability, you need to look for the cause in the equipment.
You should not immediately go to the service, as it is advisable to check a number of trivial points, for example:
- Serviceability of the socket;
- Availability of food;
- Correct connection.
Due to the fact that in this case we are considering washing machine, then you need to check the access to water or simply whether the water supply tap is open. Due to its overlap, the device will block operation.
Maintenance and repair of household appliances may require certain training, work experience and, of course, diagnostic devices, which only specialists in service centers have.
Depending on the type of equipment, in particular its dimensions, it is possible to carry out diagnostics and repairs at home, if the breakdown is not too complex. It is important to note that if household appliances were purchased quite recently and malfunctions began to occur, then it is strictly forbidden to independently enter the housing and carry out any actions, as this automatically removes the warranty from the manufacturer. It is best to contact the store where you purchased the device and request warranty diagnostics, which are carried out free of charge.
Preparing to repair household appliances yourself
Modern advanced technologies are what make up new generation household appliances, but even such devices can fail. The main reasons for the malfunction of electrical appliances include some problems.
Namely:
- Voltage overload;
- Jumps in the current supply;
- High room temperature;
- Presence of vibration or shock during product operation.
If a malfunction occurs and the object refuses to work, then you need to look for the cause in the electronics after a series of preliminary actions. Testing of items such as lamps, fuses, switches and similar parts is required.
The power supply and power unit are checked by using a voltmeter, through which the voltage at the input and output is examined.
It is advisable to additionally check the serviceability of the sensor, signaling device, limit switch, monitor, picture tube and speaker system if you are checking a TV or speakers.
Household electrical appliances: causes of breakdowns
To repair any type of home appliance, it is not enough to learn to understand the details, since you need to become familiar with what malfunctions occur most often. Some of them include:
Namely:
- Open circuit;
- Increasing resistance for no reason;
- Significant reduction in resistance;
- Availability short circuit.
There are common reasons why they occur. An open circuit may be due to old age of the elements through which increased current flows, as well as shock, vibration and corrosion. Resistance increases in the electrical network also due to the aging of elements or simply loss of their proper appearance.
This contributes to the deterioration of contact connections and to deviations from the required parameters.
Reducing resistance in electrical circuit may occur due to increased surface leakage and aging of parts. A short circuit occurs due to breakdowns in insulation, as well as when a wire or element is short-circuited and the integrity of its body is damaged.
In Moscow you can find various companies, websites and even such a service as a private master, through which it is possible to repair household appliances. However, in order to save money, you should try to find the fault yourself, which can be done by following a number of recommendations below.
- An intermediate voltage measurement is carried out, due to which it is possible to monitor whether the signal is correctly passing to different channels in the system.
- It is necessary to exclude those parts of the device that are working properly, which will reduce the number of possible breakdowns, and provide the technician with specific data. This helps reduce diagnostic costs.
- If you replace a unit that may have a malfunction, the probability of eliminating the breakdown increases to 80%.
- It is necessary to evaluate the serviceability of a serviceable circuit and a faulty circuit in order to determine which parameter requires intervention and maintenance. This requires special diagnostic equipment.
The troubleshooting process consists of certain steps, the sequence of which must not be disrupted. The fact of device failure is established. This is not difficult to do, since the device will refuse to perform its direct duties. It is necessary to analyze the problems that arise and compare them with possible problems described in the manufacturer’s instructions.
A full diagnosis of the device is desirable, since the cause of an external breakdown may lie internally, and without special equipment it is simply impossible to determine it.
It is necessary to determine the extent of the damage and decide whether maintenance will be carried out independently or with the help of a specialist. Sequential testing of each element connected to the control module is carried out. Compiled overall rating device malfunction. Problems are being fixed.
How to repair an electric waffle iron and other appliances with your own hands
It is quite possible to repair an electric waffle iron or electric samovars yourself, but an electrical household appliance requires accuracy, clarity, and maximum caution. The most important thing is to examine the device only after disconnecting from the power supply. First you need to familiarize yourself with the principle of operation of the device.
When diagnosing, you should study the most complex parts of the device, and only then proceed to diagnose smaller components. A fault analysis is carried out, during which it is necessary to determine the type of repair and its benefits. To ensure the accuracy of the results obtained, it is best to double-check each part of the device for serviceability. Experts recommend visually dividing the equipment into several parts and checking each module separately, which will reduce the time spent searching for a breakdown. If the fault is not too big and self-repair is possible, then you should do it yourself.
Repair of household appliances (video)
In some cases, breakdowns may be of such a nature that it is easier to purchase a new device than to repair an old one. Such recommendations can only be given by experienced specialists after a thorough diagnosis. If you do not have the skills to work with electrical appliances, then it is better to entrust it to professionals to avoid even bigger problems.
Electronic modules of washing machines are the most complex parts of this household appliance. They are based on a printed circuit board, on which the control elements for each unit of the washing machine and its parts are located in a special order. The microprocessor, the most expensive part of the control module, synchronizes the operation of the elements. Electronic modules of modern washing machines can break down, and this is where the main problems begin. In this article we will discuss these problems and outline ways to resolve them.
How can you tell if a module is broken?
The most basic problem is to understand whether the control module is actually broken and needs repair, or whether one of the units of the washing machine is actually broken, and it is this that creates the appearance of damage to the electronics. Permission this issue has priority, because if you start immediately repairing or changing the module without sufficient reason, you will throw money down the drain and the problem will not be solved. 
Therefore, first, let’s figure out how to diagnose a problem with the electronic module? Let's start with something simple - let's study the typical signs of an electronic module failure. In approximately half of the cases, the electronic modules of modern washing machines, by their “behavior,” reveal the cause of the malfunction. All we have to do is recognize and identify it.
- , in this case the control panel freezes and does not react in any way to user actions, the error code is not displayed on the display.
- All the lights on the control panel flash together and alternately, and it is not possible to start any washing program.
- The washing program is set and started, but water either does not fill the tank, or the water immediately drains itself, and after that the machine freezes “tightly”, only a reboot can save you. In this case, after restarting, washing can be carried out in normal mode.
- With any washing program, the machine washes for 3-4 hours in a row without stopping, without switching to rinse and spin mode. The drain pump makes no attempt to remove water from the tank. After a long time, the machine freezes.
- After turning it on, when trying to set the washing program, the machine freezes and immediately turns off.
- The washing program is set, the washing progress is displayed on the display, but in reality nothing happens, water does not pour into the tank, the drum does not spin - nothing happens.
- The motor changes the speed of rotation of the drum unreasonably often, even if the change in speed is not caused by the program. The drum rotates alternately and for a very long time in one direction and then in the other.
- The heating element of the washing machine either overheats the water or leaves it cold, ignoring the readings of the temperature sensor.
Important! The indicated behavior of the washing machine only hints at a malfunction and future repair of the electronic module. To be sure, it is necessary to conduct a series of tests.
Each of the eight above signs of breakdowns can indicate either a malfunction of the control module or a malfunction of one of the sensors or the washing machine unit. To make sure that it is indeed an electronic module, You must first run an autotest of the washing machine, and then test the machine units manually. Only after this can final conclusions about the malfunction be made. So, how to do an autotest of a washing machine?
On different models Washing machines autotest is done in different ways. Therefore, we recommend that you carefully read the operating instructions for your model of automatic washing machine. Let's give an example of self-testing using the Ardo washing machine as an example.
- We move the programmer arrow to a strictly vertical position, so that the arrow points down.
- Set the temperature to zero.
- We check that the drum is empty and there is no water in the tank.
- We press all the buttons on the control panel at the same time, after which the machine’s autotest mode should start.
Upon completion of the test, the display should display an error code corresponding to either a malfunction of the washing machine unit or a malfunction of the electronic module.
Pay attention! The test cannot be carried out in washing machines in which asynchronous motor, or on ultra-modern machines, with a built-in self-diagnosis system (there is a special button on the “self-diagnosis” panel).
Autotest does not produce adequate results in all cases. To verify that the electronic module is faulty, you need to test it with a multimeter. The same must be done with all suspicious units, ringing them one by one. The work, of course, is very painstaking, but this is the only way to be 100% sure that the electronic module is faulty. 
Why does the control module break down?
There are many reasons why an electronic module may fail. And not all reasons are due to improper operation of the washing machine. But first things first.
- Factory defect: one of the parts of the board or track is damaged.
- Ingress of moisture, work in conditions of very high humidity.
- Voltage fluctuations.
- Disconnecting the washing machine from the electrical network several times during the washing program.
Factory defects, unfortunately, are typical for both cheap and expensive washing machines.
Most often, such defects occur in the most complex part of the washing machine - the control unit. Fortunately, in most cases the problem is identified in a short time, when the machine is still under warranty, but sometimes the problem manifests itself only after several years. In this case, repairs have to be carried out at your own expense and often with your own hands.
Any automatic washing machine is designed in such a way as to work in very harsh conditions environment, especially high humidity. Nevertheless, in some cases, it is moisture that causes failure of the electronic module. Basically, moisture causes a short circuit that damages electrical and electronic components. After this, the machine will definitely need serious repairs. 
If you connect a washing machine to a “protected” electrical network, a voltage drop may well burn out any unit of the washing machine or all units together, including the electronic module. This can be avoided if you include a difavtomat in the electrical communications that power the washing machine.
And finally, the user factor. Never forcibly disconnect the washing machine while it is running. Several such shutdowns may well damage the electronic module. If you urgently need to turn off the washing machine, it is better to press the stop button, and only then turn it off - this will be less harmful than a sudden shutdown.
We fix it ourselves or call a specialist: which is more profitable?
Now let's move on to the main question: is it worth repairing the electronic module yourself or is it better to entrust this important task to specialists? It is quite difficult to answer this question. Everything will depend on your knowledge, skills and abilities in working with microcircuits and printed circuit boards, as well as the nature of the breakdown. 
The most basic problem for an amateur is identifying a breakdown in the electronic module. Each part needs to be ringed, a burnt element or a broken track must be identified, and only then the element must be replaced or the track soldered. The likelihood that you will do everything right, having mediocre skills, tends to zero.
Of course, it is possible to replace the electronic components of modern washing machines, but this will not give anything, especially if high-quality diagnostics have not been carried out. New board The electronic module will most likely burn out again.
There is another option - remove the entire control unit and give it to a technician for testing. Experts do not recommend doing this. If you invite a technician, then you need to give him the opportunity to call and check the control unit locally, right on the washing machine. This way he is able to identify the problem more accurately.
Important! Electronic modules of modern washing machines can only be repaired by qualified technicians; do not trust repairs to just anyone, ask for the recommendations of a specialist before entrusting him with the work.
Whatever one may say, it is more profitable to contact a specialist. Repairing such a complex element of a washing machine yourself can lead to even greater costs. In the worst case, if you carry out an incorrect test of the equipment, you can burn not only the control unit, but also the heating element, motor, drain pump, or all at the same time - you will have to buy a new machine. This raises the question - why take the risk? Isn’t it better to entrust the repair of your home assistant to a good craftsman?