How to connect heating radiators to a gas boiler with a circulation pump? What heating devices and pipes are best to use? Do batteries in such a circuit need balancing? In our article we will try to answer these and some other questions related to work gas heating.
We are drawing up a project
Wiring
In a house or small cottage, it is possible to use two fundamentally different schemes:
- Single-pipe, which is a closed filling ring with heating devices connected parallel to it.
- Double-pipe. In it, the supply and return bottlings are parallel to each other; every heating device represents a jumper between them.
Please note: a single-pipe circuit is cheaper to install and more fault-tolerant; however, its distribution is laid along the entire perimeter of the heated room.
Accordingly, the presence panoramic windows and high openings makes its use problematic.
Single-pipe scheme - Leningrad.
The two-pipe scheme has one inherent drawback: any heat source, including a gas boiler, does not heat the last radiators. Most of the coolant passes through the devices closest to the boiler; The heat transfer of distant ones turns out to be noticeably less.
The problem is solved in two ways.
Pipes
The parameters of all water heating systems with gas boilers are quite the same:
- Heating is continuous, with constant power.
- The coolant temperature is 50 - 75C.
- Working pressure - 1.5 - 2.5 kgf/cm2.
If so, special resistance to high temperatures and pressures is not required for bottlings and liners. Traditionally, inexpensive polypropylene and metal-polymer pipes are used as the material for them, easy to install and with minimal hydraulic resistance.
There are, however, a couple of subtleties:
- It is better to mount metal-plastic on. Compression connections with union nuts are very sensitive to the quality of installation and, if assembled incorrectly, begin to leak after several heating and cooling cycles.
- It is better to take polypropylene with reinforcement with aluminum foil. It reduces quite high level elongation when polypropylene is heated to a level characteristic of steel pipes.
Radiators
Our choice is aluminum sectional radiators.
Their advantages:
- Low price (from 250 - 300 rubles per section);
- Very decent appearance;
- Decent heat dissipation (up to 210 watts per section).
Their main drawback - relatively low mechanical strength - is not important in our case due to the gentle operating parameters of the system.
Our choice is aluminum radiators.
What problems may arise when installing a heating system yourself?
Electrochemical corrosion
Aluminum and copper form a galvanic couple: by placing them in a conducting liquid, we obtain a constant weak current between the aluminum and copper electrodes. Due to the flow of ions, the aluminum electrode is destroyed at an accelerated rate.
To avoid electrochemical corrosion of radiators, not only copper pipes, but also shut-off and control valves with copper casings cannot be installed in the same circuit with them.
Delamination of reinforced pipes
To prevent aluminum reinforcement, the foil is completely removed from the welding field at the fitting joint. For stripping, a shaver is used (for external reinforcement) or a trimmer (when the reinforcing layer is located in the middle of the pipe wall).
Expansion tank
Modern gas boilers usually equipped with an expansion tank and a safety group; however, if the circuit is long, the volume of the tank may be insufficient, which will lead to constant triggering safety valve and loss of coolant. The problem is solved by parallel installation at any point in the circuit of the second tank.
Please note: the total volume of the tanks should be approximately equal to 10% of the coolant volume in the system.
Balancing and adjusting heat transfer
Throttling of heating devices is necessary in a two-pipe system for balancing. However, it is also used for manual adjustment heat transfer depending on weather conditions. How to combine one with the other?
Here are two simple solutions:
- A throttle is installed on each line. One is used for one-time balancing; the second is for the current adjustment of heat transfer.
- The second throttle is replaced by a thermal head, which will allow you to regulate heat transfer in a fully automatic mode, maintaining a constant temperature in the room.
Geyser
It would be unfair to touch upon gas equipment and ignore the type of equipment that can be found in apartments and private houses at least as often as a boiler - a gas water heater.
Its main problem is liming of the channels in the heat exchanger due to the large amount of mineral salts dissolved in the water. How and how to clean the radiator of a geyser from scale?
Any alkaline or acidic solution can be used as a washing liquid. It can be prepared from caustic soda, oxalic and even citric acid.
How to clean the radiator of a gas water heater from scale if you have the opportunity to disconnect and dismantle the water heater?
Here are the instructions:
- Having disconnected it from the lines, we place the device in the bath with the heat exchanger pipes facing up.
What could be the gas heating scheme for a private house? We will analyze the most affordable and popular solutions with their advantages and disadvantages.
In addition, we will find out which heating equipment installation works you can do yourself, and for which you will have to invite gas workers.
The photo shows a double-circuit gas boiler, one of the most popular solutions for gasified houses in the private sector.
Why gas
Given the availability of a large number of alternatives, gas remains unrivaled in terms of cheap heating. The cost of one kilowatt-hour of heat obtained by burning natural gas is only 20-30 kopecks. The closest competitor - firewood - costs twice as much.
A nuance: in no case should liquefied gas be equated in cost to main gas.
Heating a private house with bottled gas costs 6-7 times more and is almost comparable in cost to heating with an electric boiler.
In addition, gas as a heat source has a number of other advantages:
- The absence of soot and combustion products in the house, which distinguishes it favorably from firewood and coal.
- Possibility of automatic adjustment while maintaining the set temperature (all modern systems gas heating of a private house includes a thermostat).
- Quite low temperature of combustion products, which greatly reduces the risk of fire adjacent to the chimney wooden walls, beams and rafters.
Of course, the tree still requires some protection.
Schematic diagrams
In general, there are only two of them - according to the number of types of gas-powered heating devices:
We will look at them in this order.
Key general feature These devices - gas combustion is used to heat water, which, due to natural or forced circulation, distributes heat through heating devices - radiators, convectors, registers or underfloor heating systems.
What design options may a gas heating project for a private house include?
The implementation is directly related to the type of gas boiler you choose for heating. More precisely, the boiler is selected depending on your needs.
Single-circuit and double-circuit
- A single-circuit gas heating boiler is equipment for heating a house. Only and exclusively. Its design implies a constant volume of coolant in the system.
- A double-circuit boiler includes an additional circuit for heating water used for household needs.
This can be a plate flow heater or a storage tank with a separate burner and thermostat. It is clear that in this case the boiler is part of not only the water supply system, but also the heating system.
Flow-through boilers are less convenient - it is difficult to adjust the temperature of the water in the tap.
Convective and condensation
The difference between these types of gas boilers for heating a private house is that in a convective boiler, the combustion gas transfers to the coolant only the heat from the actual combustion of the gas, while in a condensing boiler, the remaining heat is also removed from the combustion products due to their condensation on an additional heat exchanger - an economizer.
What is the difference for the consumer?
- The main horror story of a gas convection boiler is the formation of condensation on the heat exchanger, since, in addition to water, it contains acids. Of course, this does not mean anything good for a heat exchanger that is not adapted to this mode of operation.
The main way to combat dew is by high temperature of the heat exchanger, which in general means the temperature of the coolant in the return pipeline is not less than 60C. If so, a variety of wall-mounted radiators, convectors and registers can be used from heating devices with boilers of this type.
In-floor convectors and underfloor heating systems are excluded from the list, since they will not warm the feet of the inhabitants of the house, but burn them.
- For a condensing boiler, on the contrary, a low temperature of the heat exchanger (and, accordingly, the return) is needed like air.
A typical gas heating scheme in a private house with a boiler of this type is radiators under the windows and water-heated floors using radiator return, in which water gives off the remaining heat.
The operating diagram of a condensing boiler is drawn roughly, but very clearly.
Natural and forced traction
Heating a private house with natural gas can use boilers with natural circulation, which take air from the room into an open burner and discharge combustion products into general ventilation, and boilers with forced ventilation.
In the latter, air to support combustion is taken from the street; combustion products are discharged there through a separate air duct.
How is the installation of these boilers different?
- In the first case, the boiler needs to be allocated a separate room with an area of at least 4 m2 with a window and a wide door.
- In the second, the boiler can be mounted directly in the living room.
Important: in both cases, gas equipment for heating a private house is connected and started only by gas workers.
On the left is the chimney of a traditional natural draft boiler. On the right is the air duct of a more modern boiler. It both takes in air and disperses combustion products.
Convectors do not use heating of the intermediate coolant: the heat exchanger transfers heat directly to the air in the room. Combustion products are discharged directly through the external wall to the street along the core of the coaxial pipe; clean air is taken in through its shell.
This is how autonomous individual gas heating is most often implemented in a private house in the absence of main gas.
What features does heating with gas convectors have?
- No boiler room or pipework throughout the house is required. This is a definite plus.
Moreover, the price of a gas convector is not much more than the cost of a bimetallic radiator, which, of course, will not heat without a boiler and wiring.
- In isolated rooms, you will need to install separate convectors, which means either separate cylinders in each room, or gas distribution throughout the house.
An equally obvious disadvantage: fire safety suffers.
- The gas heating system of a private house based on convectors irrationally distributes heat in the room.
It will be hot under the ceiling, cold on the floor. However, only underfloor heating systems are free from this drawback.
- Gas convectors can be installed and started independently.
Gas heating of a private house: video instructions for installing equipment with your own hands, diagram of an individual autonomous system, project, price, photo
31) Gas heating of a private house: video instructions for installing equipment with your own hands, diagram of an individual autonomous system, project, price, photo
Gas heating of a private house: diagrams, device options, review of the best solutions
Heating systems using gas as fuel have excellent efficiency and reliability. The thermal energy generators in them have high efficiency and are safe to use. There are several ways to organize gas heating for a private home.
There are solutions both budget-friendly and more expensive with maximum efficiency and operational stability.
Gas supply: mainline vs gas tank
Without burning fuel, there will be zero benefit from any autonomous version of the in-house heating system. Gas is the first thing you need to think about when planning country house gas heating.
Not all settlements in Russia are gasified. However, “blue fuel” can be obtained not only from a pipe or cylinder with liquefied fuel, but also from a gas holder.
Natural gas, consisting mainly of methane, is supplied to private homes through pipes. Its liquefied analogue is a propane-butane mixture, which is pumped into containers for transportation and storage. The pressure in such cylinders and gas holders is about 15–18 atmospheres.
When organizing heating in a private house using 50-liter cylinder containers, the latter will have to be changed every 2-3 days in winter. If for country cottage If you choose an autonomous gas supply, it is best to choose a gas holder, which can have a volume of up to 20 cubic meters.
The choice of capacity by cubic capacity depends on the level of consumption of liquefied hydrocarbon gases (LPG). Here it is necessary to take into account not only the hot water boiler, but also the fireplace and gas stove, if they are used in the house. For a cottage of 150 sq.m. It is recommended to install a gas holder with a volume of 2000–3000 liters. And for a country house of 300 sq.m. you will need an 8000–9000 liter option.
In terms of connection costs, a gas pipeline is in most cases more advantageous than a tank in the ground. But only when the settlement has already been gasified. Situations are also possible in which installing a gas tank will cost less than connecting to the main pipeline. It all depends on the specific connection conditions in the region and the remoteness of the village from the large gas main.
When using a gas holder, you do not have to worry about the presence of pressure in the pipe. It is extremely easy to use. You just need to regularly call specialists to check it for safety, and also remember to refuel. It will take no more than three days to install the entire system.
If an autonomous gasification option is chosen, then a gas boiler should be purchased that is designed to operate on LPG. There are models on sale that are designed to operate exclusively on mains natural gas. But most gas heat generators are designed to burn both types of this fuel. You just have to change the jets, and also reconfigure the valve and electronics to a different mode.
Choosing a heating gas boiler
Modern gas-fired heat generating equipment has a variety of automation and is able to operate in several modes. It can be floor or wall mounted. The second option is more compact, but has power limitations. If the model is chosen for a large private house, then you will have to purchase a powerful floor-mounted unit.
The principle of operation of a gas boiler is extremely simple - the fuel is ignited in the burner using piezoelectric elements or electronic ignition, then as a result of burning the fuel, a thermal energy, which is transferred to water through a heat exchanger. The latter is already used as a coolant in the heating system or consumed in the hot water supply.
The heat exchanger in a gas boiler can be made:
The most common options are made of steel. This metal is cheap and ductile, due to which cracks from constant heating/cooling appear less frequently. But steel elements, with constant interaction with water from a gas heating system installed in a country house, quickly begin to corrode.
Cast iron is less susceptible to corrosion, but it is quite heavy. Most boiler models with cast iron heat exchangers are floor-standing. It is problematic to mount such heavy and large equipment on the wall. If you need a compact and extremely lightweight heating unit, then best option- with a copper coil. However, it is the most expensive among analogues made of other metals.
The piping scheme and the principle of its use depend on the number of circuits in a gas-fired water heating boiler. One heat exchanger was originally intended for organizing a gas heating system in a private house. For hot water supply, it is necessary to install another boiler or immediately select a double-circuit model.
It is best to heat hot water for domestic needs in a storage boiler. Streaming models are less economical. They will spend more gas on heating.
Which combustion chamber is better
In order for the gas in the boiler furnace to burn, it needs a constant supply of oxygen. It is taken directly from the boiler room or drawn in from the street. The first option involves natural air flow, and the second – forced air flow using a fan.
Gas boilers are equipped with two types of combustion chambers:
- Closed - oxygen is supplied through the gap between paired pipes of different diameters. Combustion products are discharged through an internal channel.
- Open - air enters the firebox from the room with the heating installation through the supply valve. Combustion products are discharged through a round smoke channel.
The first option is independent of the area of the room. Suitable for rooms of any size. The coaxial type of chimney can be removed from a unit with a closed firebox through a wall or an upper ceiling with a roof.
In the second case, you will have to install a high chimney pipe of 5–6 meters, otherwise the draft to suck the required volumes of oxygen into the combustion chamber will not be enough. But gas boilers with an atmospheric burner do not require an electrical connection. There is no fan in them, everything happens naturally without forced circulation.
It is recommended to install gas water heaters with an open firebox in special rooms with good ventilation. If you install them in living rooms, they will greatly reduce the amount of oxygen in them. It will no longer be possible to do without a forced ventilation system. And this means additional costs for the installation and subsequent operation of air ventilation equipment.
Characteristics of condensation models
In conventional gas boilers, water vapor generated during gas combustion flies out into the chimney. During the combustion process, little of it is formed, but it still carries a fairly significant amount of thermal energy. To avoid wasting this heat, condensing boilers were developed.
The operating principle of these installations is based on the fact that when cooled, the exhaust gas vapor transfers heat to water from the return of the heating system. In this case, the temperature of the coolant increases slightly, but the recuperator is quite suitable as an additional source of thermal energy.
Condensed water from the condensing boiler is discharged through a special pipe into the sewer or into a separate container. Here it is worth clearly understanding one nuance - the resulting condensate is actually a weakly concentrated acid. Moreover, up to 4–6 liters can leak per hour.
If this liquid is poured into a septic tank, then all the microbes living in it will be destroyed. If there is a treatment station in a country house, condensate from the boiler cannot be drained into the sewer system. With the design of the chimney, everything is simpler; just take one that is designed for boilers with a closed chamber.
Gas fireplace - an original solution
In terms of equipment costs, gas fireplaces are comparable to their electric or wood-burning counterparts. But gas fuel much cheaper. And unlike firewood, gas heating using a fireplace in a country house means there are no problems with ash. Plus, you don’t have to constantly monitor the operation of the firebox and worry about chopping logs.
According to the type of installation, gas fireplaces are:
In terms of their general design and internal contents (burners, automation, design of combustion chambers), they completely replicate gas boilers. In both cases, the technology for connecting to networks is identical. Differences exist only in the principle of heating the premises.
A hot water boiler is initially designed to heat water, and a regular fireplace is designed to convect air from the body and front screen, behind which fuel combustion occurs.
Schemes for water heating in a private house
To heat cottages, heating systems with water as a coolant are installed, consisting of:
- water heating boiler (single-circuit or double-circuit);
- pipelines and fittings (metal or polypropylene);
- bypasses that allow you to disconnect individual heaters from the network;
- batteries (cast iron, aluminum, steel and bimetallic);
- expansion tank.
Gas heating units are equipped with a specific safety system, including a solenoid valve and a thermocouple. The devices are connected to each other by wires. If the heating unit is functioning normally, the thermocouple junction is heated by the igniter. At this time, current flows freely through the winding of the solenoid valve, which ensures the open position of the valve. When the thermocouple cools down, the gas access is blocked by an electromagnetic valve.
According to the battery connection diagram, they are single-pipe and double-pipe. In the first case, water is supplied to and discharged from the radiator using one pipe. In the second, the heating device is connected to two separate pipelines (supply and return).
Heating circuits, based on the principle of water movement in pipes, are available with forced and natural circulation. When installing the second option, the coolant circulates in the system due to convection and gravity. And the forced scheme involves the installation of a circulation pump.
To ensure normal operation of a system with two or more circuits connected to the manifold, it provides for the installation of a hydraulic arrow. The hydraulic arrow eliminates pressure drops and the possibility of water hammer.
The expansion tank can be open or closed (divided inside into two parts by a sealed membrane). For gravity heating systems, an open option will be sufficient. A closed tank is designed for forced circulation circuits.
For small cottages, the natural principle of water movement will be sufficient. However, if a residential building has two or three floors, then you cannot do without a pump. The length of the circulation circuit in the first scheme is limited to 30 meters. The boiler will not be able to “push” water over a greater distance.
With natural circulation of the coolant in the gas heating circuit of a private house, there is no pump. If the boiler is chosen to be non-volatile, then the entire heating system is independent of the power supply. There are simply no elements that consume electricity.
On the one hand, it is more stable in operation, but on the other, the quality of heating in it is lower (the water reaches the radiators farthest from the water heater when it is very cold). The latter especially applies to pipelines and batteries made of steel or cast iron. These materials have high hydraulic resistance, which reduces the coolant current.
It is also possible to organize a combined heating system. In it circulation pump connected to the main line via a bypass. If it is necessary to quickly warm up the air in the rooms, it is turned on to accelerate the water circulation. In other cases, it is cut off from the main pipe by shut-off valves, while the system continues to function in a natural (gravitational) mode.
What is needed to install gas heating
Gasification and construction of a gas-based heating system in a private house is carried out in several stages:
- Preparation and subsequent approval of a gas heating project by the supervisory authorities.
- Purchase of consumables, boiler and other equipment.
- Connecting the house to the village gas networks.
- Installation of gas equipment and piping systems with batteries.
- Filling pipes with coolant.
- Checking functionality through a test run.
Prepare for your own country house A gas heating project with all the diagrams and calculations is impossible without a heating engineer diploma. In addition, the generated documentation still needs to be approved by gas workers. It is best to entrust all these procedures to the employees of the relevant design and installation organization.
The arrangement of gas heating in a private house must be calculated down to the smallest detail. If the boiler is chosen too powerful, it will burn excess fuel. And if there is insufficient power, the unit will have to work at the limit of its capabilities, as a result of which it ahead of schedule will fail.
The nuances of organizing gas heating for a cottage:
Principles of coolant circulation in the heating system of a private house:
Self-assembly various systems heating for country cottages:
Only an experienced heating engineer can competently prepare calculations and diagrams for organizing gas heating for a private home. Compilation project documentation and its approval is best left to professionals. But further installation of the heating system can be done independently. Here you will only need installation skills, as well as strict adherence to the instructions and the project.
Gas heating of a private house: schemes and methods of organization
How can you organize gas heating in a private house? What solutions exist for this? All possible scheme piping gas boilers in a country house.
Do-it-yourself gas heating in a private house
Here you will learn:
The comfort in the house throughout the entire heating season – a whole six months of life – depends on the method and quality of heating. Affordable natural gas in this case becomes the optimal choice for a private home and country cottage. You can connect your home to gas by connecting to the main line, or using cylinders. Next, we will consider the pros and cons of the gas system.
Types of gas heating of a private house
To organize home heating, use main gas or bottled liquefied gas.
- Main gas. The system is considered more environmentally friendly and functional. This type of heating allows you to build warm floors and so on in the room. A significant drawback is the mandatory approval of papers with official bodies. You will also need to install a boiler room and chimney. For trunk systems, stricter rules apply fire safety, regular preventative measures are mandatory.
- Bottled gas. Suitable for any type of boiler, even models originally designed for main systems. If you install a cylinder system, you will need single-circuit or double-circuit boilers of appropriate power. Most models are also capable of switching to liquefied gas; just replace the burner.
Advantages of gas heating
Mains gas is the most profitable fuel for heating a private home.
- High efficiency and low cost of gas make gas heating the most profitable way to heat private house or a country cottage.
- Modern gas boilers make it possible to heat large objects.
- The automatic operation of the system ensures that even if the flame goes out, the sensor will work and start the ignition system. As a result, the user does not need to constantly monitor the boiler.
- Double-circuit gas boilers combine two functions: to heat rooms and supply hot water.
Disadvantages of gas heating
A gas leak can lead to disastrous consequences. Be vigilant and install leak monitoring equipment.
- It is necessary to install an automatic monitoring system for possible leaks. The system depends on the supply of electricity.
- The atmospheric burner has an open flame. The security of such a device is a controversial issue for some users.
- Using a gas boiler is not practical if the area of the room is less than 100 square meters. Such an installation is not economically profitable and is considered less safe for environment.
- When installing a gas boiler, a chimney is also required to allow exhaust gases to be removed. In this case, the boiler room is installed in a separate room. Another condition is good ventilation and supply of fresh air to the room, and the presence of a separate exit to the street. The latter is mandatory for installations with a gas burner.
- If the gas pressure drops or the burner is worn out, the efficiency decreases and soot may appear.
- The gas boiler model should be chosen taking into account the climate. Since gas pressure in Russia can “jump” greatly, foreign devices simply cannot withstand the load. Therefore, the burner of an unadapted installation is capable of “burning itself out” when the pressure drops to the limit. Such equipment quickly breaks down.
- The need to coordinate the design and installation with the Gaztekhnadzor service. To install a gas system, you will have to obtain permission and invite an inspector to sign documents and inspect it.
Heating diagram for a private house with a gas boiler
Heating systems come with natural and forced circulation. In the first option, the coolant circulates due to the difference in density of hot and cold water. In the second case, circulation is provided by a pump.
The main difference between systems with natural and forced circulation of coolant is the circulation pump.
The gas heating scheme in a private house also includes heating wiring, which is divided as follows:
A two-pipe heating system, although more difficult to design and install, is still preferable, since it heats all radiators equally.
- Single-pipe. It is suitable for do-it-yourself heating equipment and is considered easier to implement. It is rarely used for private houses due to the temperature difference in the radiators located - in the first and last. The latter batteries are colder, since they receive already cooled liquid, which is why the rooms in a large private house warm up unevenly. This option is only suitable for small houses with a limited number of premises.
- Two-pipe, which requires a large number of components and consumables, is suitable for controlling the temperature in individual rooms. Heating of radiators in different rooms can be adjusted using shut-off valves. The main advantage of this system is the batteries heat up evenly in all rooms. However, planning and installation are more complex and costly.
We calculate gas consumption for heating a house
For autonomous gas heating of a private house, gas consumption is calculated according to the following scheme. To obtain 1 kW of thermal energy, you need to consume 0.1 m³ of gas per hour. For a room of 200 m² you will need a boiler with a capacity of 20 kW. In this case, the consumption of such a boiler will be 20x0.1=2 m³/hour.
A standard heating season includes approximately two equal intervals: three very cold and three moderately cold months (rounded up to 100 days each). As a result, the system operates at full capacity for 100 days and the same at half load or less. So, the average gas consumption for the cold season will be: 20x0.1x24=48 m³, for the next period this figure will drop to 24 m³. As a result total consumption for the entire heating period will be (48x100)+(24x100)=7200 m³. Most often, the final numbers come with a good cape and turn out to be larger.
Design and installation of gas heating
One of the main requirements for a boiler room with a gas boiler is proper ventilation.
Before taking active steps, a special project is developed for the heating system, taking into account the characteristics of the house. If the installation of a heating system in a private house and minor work can be done independently, then design is the stage at which you should not save. Design will allow you to calculate the characteristics of the equipment, reduce the costs of consumables and materials, and calculate the final cost of work and installation. The project includes:
- sketch;
- feasibility study;
- drawing up installation diagrams;
- drawing up a working draft.
Actions by stages
The procedure is as follows:
- Drawing up and approval of the project and constituent papers. The gas service gives the go-ahead for installation only after submitting a boiler house design, a contract with the installation team, also requires the conclusion of an agreement on the powers and responsibilities of the parties. Most often, gas workers are responsible for supplying gas, and the design, installation and service are carried out by the service organization.
- Purchase of gas equipment, components and consumables. Although the project puts forward requirements for equipment, the price category is chosen by the buyer. Excessive savings may lead to additional expenses or repairs.
- Insertion into a gas pipeline and connection of the house to the common line.
- Installation and connection of the boiler to the system.
- Supplying coolant to the system, performing test runs and checks.
Alternative to gas heating in a private home
A wood boiler is the best alternative to a gas boiler.
Gas stoves for heating a private home are leaders in this sector. Such a device can only be replaced stove heating wood-burning or electric equipment. The first option is forced, most often common in rural areas or in areas where there are no gas lines. The second is considered more expensive; electricity bills may well exceed the price of expensive gas equipment.
If you have the opportunity to install gas heating in a private home, we recommend choosing this option. The home owner installs expensive equipment once and saves significantly by using cheaper gas.
Gas heating of a private house with a gas boiler - diagram, video
Gas heating in your home: types of heating systems, advantages and disadvantages, heating scheme, cost calculation for the heating season, design and installation, alternative.
Gas heating of a private house
The heating system is one of the most important systems in any living space. The comfort of living in the house, as well as the safety of the residents, depends on the correct installation and choice.
The most popular type of heating is gas. It is common to use coal, electric boilers, as well as diesel or wood-burning systems. One of the main features of boiler classification is the number of circuits.
- single-circuit, not equipped with a supply system hot water and are only suitable for providing heat;
- double-circuit ones are equipped with an independent DHW circuit and are able to provide running hot water.
Main steps for organizing gas heating
To create a gas heating system in a house, you will need to go through the following steps:
- draw up a project;
- buy the necessary consumables and equipment;
- install equipment;
- fill the system with coolant;
- carry out a test run under different pressures;
- put the system into operation.
The total price of the system and the effectiveness of its use are determined when drawing up the technical specifications. When designing, the customer’s wishes are taken into account, but the project is drawn up in accordance with the current construction regulations rules and regulations. At this stage, it is important to take into account and analyze all the details:
- boiler power;
- power of circulation pumps;
- parameters of heating radiators;
- installation of “warm floor”;
- the presence of swimming pools, taps, Jacuzzis, etc. in the house.
This way you can accurately determine load, which will affect the system during use.
Types of gas for heating a private home
To organize heating of private houses, you can use bottled liquefied gas or main gas.
Heating using gas cylinders
For heating rooms with balloons liquefied gas Almost any boilers are suitable, even those that were originally designed for mains gas.
Suitable for cylinder heating double-circuit and single-circuit boilers of various capacities with different characteristics. Most of them are perfectly adaptable to use liquefied gas. You only need to change the burner if it is included in the kit, or buy a new one if it is not included in the kit.
When choosing a boiler, you should pay attention to models with minimum pressure, necessary for work. Here, the lower it is, the better. This will give an opportunity save as much as possible on gas use.
In addition, another important characteristic is the efficiency of the boiler. You need to choose a boiler with the highest Efficiency (90−95%). This indicator is more important when operating on liquefied gas than when operating from main gas, since it greatly affects the price, and therefore the feasibility of the system.
Heating from main gas
This system is more high environmental friendliness, which is important in our time. Owners of such a heating system can create warm floors and much more in the house.
As for the disadvantages of main gas heating, it is a necessity approval of all documentation, boiler room equipment, chimney installation, etc. When operating such a system, you must strictly adhere to fire safety rules, keeping in mind the need for systematic prevention.
Approximate calculation of gas consumption
To provide 1 kW of thermal energy, 0.1 m 3 of gas per hour is required. To heat the room in 200 m 2 you will need a boiler with a container 20 kW. The full power mode of such a boiler consumes: 20×0.1= 2 m3/hour.
So, we divide the heating season into two conditional stages: 3 very cold months and 3 cold ones. For ease of calculation, we round the number of days of each period to 100. So for 100 days the boiler will operate at full capacity and the same amount at half its power or even a quarter. The average daily gas consumption for the first period will be: 20×0.1×24=48 m3, and in the second 24 m3
Let's calculate the total consumption for the season: 48×100)+(24×100)=7200 m 3.
Often the true consumption is less than stated, since recent years winters are no longer as severe as before and do not require full power boiler operation. Most profitable option heating - this is a connection to the natural gas main. But remember that we use gas for both cooking and heating water, so the resulting figure must be adjusted depending on the case and the needs of the residents.
Design and installation of a gas heating system
The installation of this system cannot always be done independently, because such work must be carried out by services from special permission and a certificate.
The latter confirms their right to carry out such work. For this reason, you can only prepare everything for yourself equipment installation.
Entrust the installation of the boiler to specialists. They will quickly and correctly compose system project.
It includes a whole package of documents:
- hydraulic and thermal calculation of the system;
- heating circuit with radiators;
- equipment specification;
- final estimate.
Only after all the necessary approvals and approvals have been received can you purchase materials and equipment.
Installation takes place in several stages. First you need to install boiler equipment. Then comes the installation of the main line, as well as heating risers. An important step is installation of control equipment and control automation. In conclusion, it is carried out commissioning and testing the system in different modes.
Heating system diagram
The heating system circuit includes a heat source from which the liquid that transfers heat first goes through pipes to the radiators through the collector, and then, when cooled, goes back to the boiler. Liquid constantly is under pressure. Forced circulation is used here. In addition, you can additionally install air vents, temperature and flow sensors, shut-off valves, and thermal heads. Automation will help regulate temperature.
You can develop a system for natural circulation, but then you need to include it in the scheme expansion tank at the highest point of the building. Here you can save on expensive pumps, temperature sensors and air vents.
There are two types of heating wiring:
- Radial. This wiring is more expensive due to larger size pipeline, but it is more mobile and efficient. It is easier to repair during the heating season.
- Tee. This wiring is cheaper due to the smaller number of pipes, but does not provide such opportunities for adjusting the temperature in different rooms as the previous one.
The number of radiators is determined based on hydraulic and thermal calculations. This is the most accurate method from an economic and technical point of view.
There is no need to rely on the advice of ignorant sellers or people on the street: the number of sections is not selected solely on the basis of the area of the room.
Heating equipment connected to main gas requires minimal maintenance, By the way, it is easy to implement on your own. And in order not to have to deal with the installation of a chimney, you can install a boiler with closed combustion chamber.
If by the end of the construction of the house there is still no gas main, then you can buy a boiler that can operate on two types of fuel. After the highway is completed, the transition to more economical natural gas will not require large financial costs and a lot of time.
Gas heating: Organization of a gas heating system in a private house
Heating a private house with gas, types of boilers and types of gas. Gas consumption calculations and gas heating system design. We carry out gas heating in a private home at a professional level and know everything about this topic. Below is our approximate pricing policy for cottages located in Moscow and the Moscow region.
The price of gas heating in a private house
| Square | Options | ||
| Economy | Standard | Premium | |
| 100 m2 | 300,000 rub. | 400,000 rub. | 800,000 rub. |
| 200 m2 | 400,000 rub. | 550,000 rub. | 1,000,000 rub. |
| 400 m2 | 550,000 rub. | 800,000 rub. | RUB 1,500,000 |
| 800 m2 | RUB 1,300,000 | RUB 1,900,000 | RUB 2,500,000 |
This table shows the approximate price for turnkey gas heating. It takes into account:
- Engineering inspection of the Object
- Gas boiler and all the elements of the boiler room that are necessary for it
- Pipelines, heating devices, manifolds, shut-off and control valves and other materials necessary for the reliable and safe operation of the system
- Installation work - installation of gas equipment in a private house, pipelines, distribution manifolds, radiators, convectors and other equipment
The cost of heating a country house with gas may vary depending on the complexity of the work performed, architectural features home and individual wishes of the Customer.
House types
| Price from 1,600 rub./m2 |
Key Benefits
Gas heating in a private home is the least financially expensive to operate compared to heating systems using other fuels. This is due to the fact that main gas, compared to other energy resources, is the cheapest.
In addition to low operating costs, gas heating of a country house has the following undeniable advantages:
- Convenience and ease of use
- A wide selection of boilers makes it possible to select equipment for houses of various sizes
- Developed service
- Variety of automatic control system settings
Flaws
Gas heating in a private house involves some complexity in the registration procedure and the establishment of a main line to the cottage. In addition, this procedure is quite expensive, both financially and in time.
But these disadvantages are more than offset by the advantages outlined above.
If you are interested in how much gas heating costs in a private home, please contact our specialists. We will be happy to advise you on the nuances of building the system.
We can provide you with a detailed commercial offer without an initial engineer visit to the Site.
At the same time, we rely on the construction drawings of your cottage and your wishes. When compiled together Technical Specifications our experts always recommend possible options system configurations and explain their advantages and disadvantages, including financial ones. With this approach, the cost of heating a country house will always be within your budget.
Based on the summarized information, a detailed estimate is drawn up that will meet your expectations and the requirements of regulatory documentation.
The exact estimate can only be determined after our specialist visits the Site.
Our installation of gas equipment in a private home - a price that is the minimum on the market, and a high level of reliability, aesthetics, and functionality of the heating system!
Having central heating in an apartment is, of course, convenient, since the owners “don’t have a headache” in this regard. But, unfortunately, this is not always practical, since the temperature in the rooms begins to directly depend on the thermal regime established in the common boiler room. In addition, such a system is not immune to emergency situations, which can occur in any area her length, as a result of which the entire house is often turned off from heating. Many difficulties also arise during the “off-season” periods, when cold snaps that arrive early are ahead of the planned the beginning of the heating season, or, conversely, the batteries are heated when the weather outside is too warm.
Despite violations of temperature conditions and temporary shutdowns of the house from heating, payment for it remains unchanged, which absolutely not profitable ordinary users. Therefore, in recent years, a trend has been gaining momentum when more and more owners of apartments in high-rise buildings are resorting to installing autonomous heating systems.
Those who decide to “separate”, as a rule, have numerous questions related to various nuances of this procedure. Therefore, we will consider further individual heating in apartment building- necessary documents and installation rules for him.
Advantages and disadvantages of autonomous heating in an apartment
Before deciding on such a radical replacement, it is necessary to evaluate all the pros and cons of an individual heating system.
So, advantages availability of an autonomous heating system are as follows:
- The possibility of heating the apartment in the off-season, when the central system is not yet turned on or is already turned off, in accordance with established regional standards, which are based on the ambient temperature, is very unstable and with large daily fluctuations at these times of the year.
- The ability to maintain the required temperature in the rooms, which is much more difficult to organize with central heating, since it does not take into account the location of the apartment and the degree of its insulation. There is probably no need to explain that apartments located inside the house, and corner ones, and even exposed to the prevailing winter winds, still require a differentiated approach to heating. However, to balance consumption costs, payment for warmth is calculated equally, usually based on the area of the apartment.
Therefore, having installed autonomous heating in apartments, you can and should immediately take into account the specifics of the location of the rooms, obtaining both a comfortable microclimate in any of them and considerable savings in money.
- Autonomous heating can be easily adjusted to individual operating modes. For example, there is no point in heating “to the fullest” if all the residents are absent at the moment. It would only be more logical to maintain the required level of heating. But by the time the owners arrive, the automation will “catch up” the heat so that the rooms have optimal temperature.
Many modern control systems are also capable of independently responding to changing weather conditions. They can also be controlled remotely using GSM or IP communication channels.
- Decline operating costs will also occur due to significantly lower energy consumption, since modern gas or electrical equipment designed for optimal energy consumption - they have high efficiency rates approaching 100 percent.
- When installing, it is quite possible to abandon the central hot water supply system, providing your family with hot water autonomously. This means that an apartment equipped with such a unit will not depend on summer hot water maintenance work, and there will always be hot water.
- Another advantage can be attributed to the fact that you have to pay for central heating even in the summer, since it requires constant maintenance. Having installed an autonomous heating option, payments will be made only according to the gas (or electric) meter, that is, it will be possible to directly control energy consumption and costs for heating and hot water supply, conduct analysis and find ways to further save.
However, there are also considerable difficulties when transferring an apartment to individual heating, and they can be attributed to shortcomings its arrangement:
- All work must be carried out legally and in compliance with all requirements necessary for this process. Unauthorized reconstruction, firstly, will not eliminate payments utilities for heating and hot water supply. And secondly, it also threatens with serious administrative punishment in the form of a very large fine.
- There will be difficulties associated with preparing documentation for disconnecting from central communications, developing a project, and obtaining permission to install equipment.
- It will be necessary to allocate or equip a room with proper ventilation system for installing a heating unit.
- Installation of the system is a task of a fairly high complexity category.
- Considerable expenses will be required, both in paperwork and in purchasing everything necessary for the arrangement. autonomous heating and DHW. And this does not even take into account installation work.
- All responsibility for carrying out operational and preventive measures, as well as for the safety of the system, falls entirely on the owner of the apartment. It should be taken into account that all of the above-mentioned processes associated with autonomous heating will be controlled by the relevant specialized organizations, whose representatives the owner of the apartment will have to provide access to the installed equipment.
However, even taking into account all the upcoming difficulties and significant initial costs, an autonomous heating system is in all respects much more profitable than central heating and hot water supply. In practice, it will pay for itself quickly enough and will serve reliably for many years.
A package of necessary documents for “autonomization”
In order to organize autonomous heating in an apartment, you will have to do some redevelopment, and this, as you know, is quite a process labor-intensive. It should be taken into account that the preparation of permitting documents can take from three to five months, and installation work- about a week. In this regard, the preparation process must begin in advance.
Preliminary approvals and obtaining permits
So, the first step is to decide on the documents that will be required in order to begin developing the project, purchasing equipment, and then installing an autonomous system. The list of documents is approved by Art. 26 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation “Grounds for the reconstruction and (or) redevelopment of residential premises.”
Any reconstruction of residential premises is carried out taking into account the established requirements and in agreement with local authorities. For approval, it is necessary to collect a package of documents, which includes standard legal documents for ownership of this housing, which include the following:
- Application-petition for housing reconstruction. The application form is standard and approved by the Government of the Russian Federation.
- Certificate of State registration of ownership of an apartment - this may be the right of inheritance or an agreement on the transfer of ownership of housing. A copy of the document certified by a notary will be required.
- Technical passport for the apartment - a photocopy certified by a notary.
- An apartment redevelopment project, completed in accordance with the established form.
- A certified copy of a document indicating all persons registered in the apartment.
- Consent to the reconstruction of the heating system from all residents of the apartment. This document is drawn up on one sheet of paper, where all persons living in the apartment are listed, and then they put their signatures, confirming their consent.
- A document from the organization for the protection of architectural monuments, if the house where reconstruction is planned belongs to the category of architectural monuments.
The applicant should remember that self-government bodies do not have the right to demand other documents not provided for in this article. After accepting the package of documentation for consideration, the applicant must be issued a receipt with a list of accepted documents.
Review and decision on consent or refusal must be carried out no later than in 45 days from the date of submission of documentation. The document developed by the commission must be issued to the applicant no later than 3 working days after the decision is made.
According to the rules and regulations technical operation housing, which are approved by the State Construction Committee of Russia No. 170 dated 27. 09.03. , a refusal to redevelop or reconstruct a residential premises may follow if these actions worsen the living conditions of all or individual residents of the building where the applicant’s apartment is located.
However, that's not all. The list of documents indicates a redevelopment project, which must be approved by gas and heat supply regulatory organizations, since permission must be obtained to disconnect from the central heating system and install gas equipment. And after receiving such permits, a project for redevelopment and installation of an autonomous system is drawn up, which must be agreed upon with the relevant authorities.
Therefore, it is necessary to prepare all the above documents, since they will have to be presented to all organizations that directly influence the preparation of the project. Documentation is completed in the following order:
- The first organization you need to contact is the city or district heating networks. It is there that they give permission to disconnect the apartment’s heating circuit from the central heating system. Consent can be issued if the shutdown does not lead to disruption of the operation of engineering equipment in nearby apartments or the entire building. In principle, there cannot be any other reasons for refusal.
If an unfounded refusal is received from this organization, then this is a reason to go to the courts. It should be noted that sometimes an application for disconnection is submitted through a housing self-government organization.
- Then, with the received letter of agreement, you must contact the gas service of the district or city to obtain technical conditions for the installation of autonomous heating. This document must be issued within 10 days from the date of the applicant’s application.
- After receiving the specifications, taking all the documentation for the apartment, you can go to a design or energy organization that is engaged in drawing up such projects. If the boiler was purchased before the project was drawn up, and it meets all the requirements for installation in an apartment in a multi-storey building, then documentation for it should also be provided to the design organization. The project will be prepared taking into account the provided technical conditions.
Most of the requirements imposed by regulatory organizations, including the gas service, are specified in the document “Heating, ventilation and air conditioning”, paragraph 6.2 “Apartment heat supply systems” SNiP41 - 01-2003.
To free yourself from going through all the authorities, you can entrust the preparation and approval of all necessary documents to the design organization. In some regions of Russia, this function is taken over by the gas service. Naturally, all this additional work comes at an additional cost.
Autonomous heating project
Separately, it is necessary to say about the heating reconstruction project. First of all, before contacting specialists who will perform design work, you need to study carefully technical specifications, used in drawing up the project, and it is advisable to draw up a preliminary sketch of the approximate location of the heating elements.
Its exact location can be determined after specialists study the apartment plan, which is in the technical passport.
So, the project is a necessary document when carrying out any reconstruction of a residential premises. Based on it, a new heating circuit and heating boiler will be installed. How correctly and accurately this document is drawn up, and then the equipment is installed in accordance with it, the more efficiently it will work.
The project includes data on external and internal factors that determine the type of heating:
- Climatic conditions of the region in which the house is located.
- Engineering technical specifications buildings.
- Available energy sources on which the heating system can operate.
- Technical characteristics of heated housing - the number of rooms, the presence of loggias, as well as the area and volume of the premises.
- The financial side of the issue.
Based on these data, not only the installation location of the heating unit is selected, but also its type, as well as power.
To make heating efficient and economical, it is recommended to entrust the development of its design to specialists. This stage is best handled by energy companies that themselves control or interact with organizations that approve the heating sector, with whom the project will subsequently be coordinated, which will definitely ensure the correctness of its preparation, and therefore approval.
To get positive result and optimal technical solution, the customer must work closely with the organization developing the project. During the process of creating a project, several options are usually considered. The customer selects the one that suits him most, after which the technical parameters of the unit and all the necessary equipment are determined. The project is being developed in several stages:
- If the customer does not provide own version sketch, then work begins with it.
- A heating circuit diagram is being developed, on the basis of which the system will be installed.
- Documentation for the designed heating system is being prepared.
- An estimate is drawn up.
If this work is entrusted to professionals, then at each specific stage of project development, specialists in the field of heat supply, ventilation, architecture, and energy supply will participate in it.
The project consists of several parts, which present certain data from different aspects of the project:
- Descriptive part provides information about the content and significance of the project. This section of the document, in turn, is divided into several paragraphs, which contain the following technical data:
— location of the apartment or house, if it is planned to be installed in the private sector;
— location of residential premises and layout features.
The descriptive section of the document clarifies the technical characteristics of the premises, taking into account their location and climatic characteristics of the region where the building is located. This description is necessary in order to determine the types and types of heating equipment. This information will subsequently be used to carry out calculations and determine the power that the heating system should have, as well as the temperature parameters in the apartment.
- Technological calculations - this is the main part of the project, which summarizes the parameters of the volume of the required energy carrier when the unit operates in different modes, as well as the optimal temperature of the coolant, ensuring the necessary heating of the apartment’s rooms. It is especially important to determine the power of the heating and hot water supply boiler, since on the basis of these calculations the selection of equipment and components for it is made.
In the same part, heat losses when heating rooms are calculated, on the basis of which it will be possible to draw conclusions about the efficiency of the system.
The calculated parameters will also show how appropriate this or that wiring is and the type of connection of radiators to the system circuit. The calculations also include the use of automatic control devices in the heating system.
Further, all the data obtained is necessarily reflected on the diagram of the heating system, which will become a guide for installers during the work. Deviations from the scheme developed by specialists and approved may lead to refusal to put the system into operation, which is permitted by the selection committee.
- Specification . This section contains data on the main materials and elements of the heating system, and their main technical characteristics. This part of the project also includes a diagram of the heating system with marked components and devices listed in the list.
This information is key to calculating the hydrostatics of the system, as well as the required heating temperature. If these calculations are carried out incorrectly, the system will be ineffective and gas consumption will be exceeded.
- Graphic image - this is an important section of the project, which visually represents what the overall design of the heating system will look like. This part of the project is carried out using special computer programs, most often in three-dimensional projection.
When submitting an application for project development, it is necessary to clarify for specialists the reasons for the transition to an autonomous type of heating. The more justifications there are, the more accurate the calculations will be, since specialists will know what to pay special attention to when carrying them out.
A copy of the design documents must be submitted to the gas company, which will subsequently maintain the installed equipment.
Gas boiler for autonomous heating of an apartment
When drawing up a project, specialists will offer boiler options that can be used for installation in an individual apartment heating system. However, you need to independently study some information related to the choice of unit.
First of all, you should refer to the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 307, paragraph 44 of 16. 04.12. , which discusses the connection of heat supply systems. This resolution provides a list of heat and power devices that do not meet the established requirements and are therefore prohibited for installation in apartments of multi-storey buildings. After studying this document, you will be able to immediately decide which devices cannot be installed in autonomous system heating the apartment.
So, the list of boilers that can be used in apartments of multi-storey buildings includes units that operate on natural gas and meet the following requirements:
- Having a closed (sealed) combustion chamber.
- Mandatory automatic shutdown of the fuel supply in the event of a power outage, burner flame extinguishment, if there is a malfunction in the protection circuit, in case of insufficient pressure inside the system, which may fall below the limit value, when the coolant is heated above the limit temperature, as well as in case of problems in the smoke exhaust system .
- With the permissible coolant temperature in the system not exceeding 95˚.
- The coolant pressure is not more than 1 MPa.
In addition, boilers are single-circuit, used only for heating the apartment, and double-circuit, designed for both heating and water heating. When submitting an application and collecting documents, this factor must also be indicated. This is due to the fact that heating networks must give consent to disconnect the apartment not only from heating, but also from the hot water system.
Next, you need to decide on the design of the heating unit, since it can be wall-mounted or floor-mounted. For installation in conditions modern apartment most often the wall-mounted version of gas equipment is chosen, since such boilers are compact in size and quite aesthetic design, resembling in appearance. Since the chimney pipe from the heating boiler must go outside, it will be convenient to place it on an external wall; with this installation there will be no problems with the location of the pipe in the room. As a rule, there is a window on the external wall that will solve problems with ventilation of the room. Typically, the power of a wall-mounted boiler is enough to heat a standard apartment with proper insulation of the walls and the presence of Euro-windows with double-glazed windows.
Premises in the apartment where a gas boiler can be installed
Separately, a few words need to be said about the room for installing a gas boiler, since it will not be possible to place it in any room, according to the owners’ preference.
The room for placing gas heating equipment must meet certain safety requirements, which include the following:
- Gas equipment must not be installed in a residential area.
- The area of the room must be no less than 4 square meters.
- The entrance door to the room with the installed boiler must have a width of at least 800 mm.
- The room must be equipped with a window facing the street.
- The boiler is wall mounted or installed on the floor, at a distance, which must be at least 300 mm from other gas equipment, for example, a gas stove.
- Indoors, it is necessary to find the possibility of outputting it to the street, that is, through the wall. Pipe outlet in the common building ventilation duct not allowed.
- Some heating units require forced ventilation in the room, that is, you will have to install an exhaust fan on the window. This will be indicated in the technical specifications.
- A wall-mounted boiler must be mounted on a wall built of non-combustible material, and for a floor-standing boiler it is necessary to make a fire-resistant flooring, for example, lay ceramic floor tiles.
Without meeting these requirements, the commission signing the acceptance certificate will not give its consent to the commissioning of an autonomous heating system.
Based on the characteristics of the room, we can conclude that the unit can be installed in the kitchen or in a pre-insulated loggia combined with it. Since the gas boiler is connected to the main energy supply pipeline, which is connected to the kitchen area of the apartment, it is this that is optimal for the location of the heating unit.
In addition, the kitchen must be equipped with a window facing the street and a door of the required width. And, in addition, a general house ventilation channel is connected to it, which is also necessary for placing an apartment “boiler room”.
How to choose a gas heating boiler?
In order for the purchased boiler to fully meet the to its parameters of the created system heating system, was reliable and easy to use, when purchasing, it is necessary to be guided by a number of criteria for evaluating such equipment. – read in a separate publication on our portal.
Autonomous electric heating
Installing electric heating is much simpler than gas heating. If only because there is a wider choice of where to install the boiler or other equipment, since the power supply is distributed throughout the apartment, and ventilation and a combustion product removal system are not required.
When planning the installation of electric heating, first of all, you need to consult the Energonadzor institution (or a similar organization). It is necessary to check the availability of resources in the house for the release of additional energy. If written consent has been received from this organization, then you must contact the heating network service with it and with a request to disconnect the apartment from the centralized heating supply.
The list of remaining documentation should be clarified with the energy company and local government authorities. The fact is that when installing electric heating in different regions country requirements for its installation may vary significantly. The only thing that needs to be noted is that the number of documents and approvals will be much less compared to the gas option for heating the apartment.
Thanks to modern technologies Today you can choose one of two options for electric heating. One involves the use of a heating unit with conventional piping for coolant circulation. The second involves direct heating by separately installed devices or systems - electric convectors, infrared heaters, "" systems.
Heating using an electric boiler
The system uses coolant, that is, the pipework and radiators remain in place. But they are connected to an electric heating boiler, and the coolant will be heated from it, and not from the central heating line.
Majority modern models electric heating units are equipped with automatic control. Therefore, the system can be programmed so that the heating of the premises to the required temperature does not occur constantly, but only at the time set by the owners. You can save a lot on this function, for example, by using a reduced night tariff for “charging” heat accumulator.
On sale are wall mounted electric boilers, which can have a power of 5÷60 kW, as well as floor-standing options, their power exceeds 60 kW.
Experts will tell you which one to choose when submitting documents for drawing up a project for an electric heating system, which will contain a diagram of its arrangement. The choice of boiler will depend on the area and location of the apartment in the house, the degree of its insulation, the number of windows and balconies, as well as the material used to make the frames. Usually, when choosing a boiler power, they rely on established technological standards, that is, 1 kW of electricity per 10 “squares” of area.
We must not lose sight of the fact that if a unit with a power exceeding 9 kW is purchased, then there will be a need to re-equip the apartment electrical network and installation three-phase meter. If you plan to install a heating boiler with a larger capacity, then before purchasing it, you must consult and obtain written permission from the local energy company.
It must be taken into account that household electric boilers are not designed for large number radiators, respectively, their installation is optimal for heating small areas, up to 80 - 90 m². In addition to the boiler, “warm floor” systems can be used, which consume electricity quite economically.
Electric units operate according to a standard automatic heating system. The coolant (water or antifreeze) is heated as it passes through the boiler and then enters the heating circuit with radiators installed in it. Along this path, the coolant cools down and returns to the boiler for heating, etc. To make the circulation more intense and the radiators to warm up faster, a circulation pump is installed in the heating circuit.
Electric boiler, unlike gas equipment, can be installed in any utility room where it is convenient to draw the power line, and where it will be easier to carry out the general routing of the heating circuit pipes. Most often, a kitchen or bathroom is also chosen for this. But sometimes it is also installed in the corridor, recessing the circuit pipe distribution into the wall surfaces.
What is an electric heating boiler?
The variety of such devices is quite large, and, not only in size, power and other operational parameters, but even in terms of heating principle. Read more about this in the special article on our portal dedicated to.
Direct space heating with electrical appliances
Heating using separate electrical appliances or underfloor heating systems, which can be combined or work separately, are called direct heating systems.
This option is preferable to choose if there is a desire to get rid of numerous pipes and volumetric radiators, since, for example, electric convectors have a more aesthetic appearance and compact size. The “warm floor” system can be cable rod or film - but in any case, it is completely invisible to the eye.
When combining individual devices into a single system, it is possible to connect it to a common control unit, with the help of which temperature conditions are set by time of day and day of the week, taking into account the family’s daily routine.
When choosing any type of electric heating, for safety reasons it is necessary to provide grounding, without which permission to put the system into operation will not be issued.
The advantage of electric heating is that, unlike gas heating, it is safer. And compared to the central system, it can be easily and very accurately adjusted, setting the required temperature.
The main disadvantage of the electrical system is that if there is a power outage, the apartment will be left not only without lighting, but also without heating. Therefore, if in a particular locality this phenomenon repeats itself with frightening consistency, then it is better to opt for autonomous gas heating of the apartment. In addition, the obvious “disadvantages” include very high electricity tariffs.
Features of the arrangement of electric heating lie in the observance of certain conditions that are not provided for gas version heating So, experts recommend:
- Carry out for the electric heating system from the distribution separate shield power cable, which stabilizes the load on the general house electrical network.
- RCD systems are installed today in all apartments of new buildings equipped with autonomous electric heating. If it is not there, then you will have to worry about purchasing such a block. This - reliable protection against electric shock when it leaks onto the device body.
- Installation is highly recommended two-tariff meter, which will help save money if the heating of the premises occurs during preferential hours.
Devices and systems for direct space heating – what to choose?
The variety of such devices is extremely wide. You can get to know each other better in a special article on the portal. Another publication will tell you in detail about the varieties and specific features various systems.
Installation of an autonomous heating system
Disconnecting an apartment from the central heating and hot water supply lines, as well as installing a gas and electric boiler, is carried out only by specialists from energy companies who have a special documented permit to carry out such work.
Such rules have been introduced to comply with all safety conditions both during installation and during operation of the equipment. We must not forget that in an apartment building there are many neighboring apartments with the people in them. And you shouldn’t put your life and theirs in danger.
You can take on the laying of pipes and the placement of heating radiators, as well as the installation of other necessary elements of the system. But even then only if you have good skills in carrying out such operations.
In this publication, there is little point in dwelling on the installation order. The fact is that all the details are set out in a special article on the portal.
Nuances of installing a water heating system
Whether a gas boiler is installed or an electric one, otherwise the wiring of the pipe circuit, installation of radiators, additional devices and parts are almost the same. How to do it in a house or apartment - the recommended link will lead you to the corresponding detailed instructions.
Before deciding to abandon centralized heating and supply hot water, it is necessary to weigh all the positive and negative aspects of autonomous heating of the apartment. And only after carrying out such a comparison and carrying out a thoughtful analysis - start collecting documents.
One more small clarification. It may also happen that, having disconnected the apartment from the heat supply and hot water supply, you will still have to pay for general heating. But these amounts will be very tiny compared to those that were previously indicated in the monthly payment order.
And finally, a short video that will also help you weigh all the “pros” and “contras” of an autonomous heating system in an apartment
Video: Advantages and disadvantages of an autonomous apartment heating system
For a private house or country cottage, with the onset of the cold season it becomes actual problem heating. Thanks to technical progress Today you can create an autonomous heating system in your home using heating boilers and other related equipment. Coal, wood, and electricity can be used as fuel, but natural gas is still the most accessible and cheapest. This aspect is the main reason that today many citizens are trying to use gas to heat their homes. Properly designed autonomous gas heating of a private home will allow you not only to save your own money, but also to calmly await the onset of cold weather.
Despite the fact that today not all regions of our country are covered by the network main gas pipelines household gas, there are other, no less convenient ways to heat residential buildings with gas.
Autonomous gas heating - the main essence and principle of operation
Conclusions
Gas is the most accessible and cheapest type of fuel. By installing a gas double-circuit boiler of the appropriate model in your home, you get interior heating and hot water supply.
If you have a problem with centralized gas supply, there is a way out. Install a gas storage facility on your site - a gas holder.
One refill of a liquefied gas tank is enough for 6-7 months of the heating season. In this situation, your heating system is almost completely independent; there is real profitability and efficiency of autonomous gas heating.