You can increase the level of comfort not only in country cottages, but also in small village houses simply by installing running water. We will not assure you that it is easy, especially if the house is old. However, almost all work on installing plumbing in the house can be done with your own hands, without turning to specialists for help.
You need to start work by drawing up a water supply diagram. This will help you not only not to miss anything in your work, but will also allow you to most accurately calculate the number of pipes.
According to the connection method, the circuit is divided into two types: serial and parallel.
A serial connection is suitable for installing a system in a private house, which has a small area and few consumers. In this case, the water supply goes first from the source (well), then, for example, to the toilet room, from the room to, and so on. That is, to each consumer in turn.
Therefore, when two or three consumers are turned on at the same time, the pressure on the one located farthest away will be very low, unable to satisfy the needs. It is quite simple to arrange a water supply system according to this scheme. We connect the water supply from the source (well) to the first consumer. We install a tee on the pipe, and we get two outputs and one input to this consumer, and to all other consumers.
A parallel circuit involves a different connection of consumers. Here we already include the collector in the circuit. We lay a water supply line from the collector to each consumer. When choosing such a wiring system, you need to take into account that the cost will be higher, mainly due to the increase in the number of pipes, but this will pay off in the future.
It is possible to connect water supply systems using both schemes both from a well and from a central water supply system.
The house plumbing diagram consists of:
Plumbing diagram
1. source (, well or central water supply);
2. or a pump (needed if the source is a well or borehole);
3. hydraulic accumulator (for storing water);
4. filters for water purification;
5. tee, for future separation of hot and cold water supply;
6. manifold with shut-off valves at each outlet for cold water;
7. boiler or ;
8. hot water manifold.
Well or well
Where is it better to get water from a well or a well? The depth of the well is no more than 10 meters, while the well reaches up to 30. The water in the well is more polluted, so the water supply will have to be equipped with several filters. For a well you will need to purchase an expensive one.
In this case, the water supply will look like:
- If the length does not exceed 30 meters, then 25 mm of internal diameter is sufficient.
- If more than 30 meters, then 32 mm will be optimal.
- If the length of the pipeline is less than 10 meters, then you can get by with a diameter of 16 or 20 mm.
Let's not forget that there is also a pipe for the collector, on which it depends whether the water supply system can provide water to all consumers. One tap flows about 5 liters of liquid per minute.
Now we count the number of consumers and compare them with the following data:
- a diameter of 25 mm passes 30 liters per minute;
- diameter 32 mm - about 50 liters per minute;
- diameter 38 mm - 75 liters per minute.
If more than three people live in a private house, you need to add 40%, because all consumers can be used at the same time.
Choosing material for pipes in the house
Today the market offers us pipes made from the following materials:
Metal-plastic is not afraid of corrosion and sunlight, but for such systems temperatures above 95 degrees are excluded. Therefore, such pipes are suitable for cold water supply from a well or well.
Steel products are strong, durable and relatively inexpensive. But they are highly susceptible to corrosion. Also, when installing a water supply system, you will have to cut the threads on each element yourself.
Polypropylene products are new to the market, but are very popular. They are not subject to corrosion, do not oxidize, and are durable. Their use allows the installation of plumbing to be done simply and quickly. But they connect. This is probably a drawback.
Pipe routing in parallel
We begin installation of water supply pipes from the source. If we take water from a well, we install a submersible pump; if from a well, then a surface pump. We attach the pipe to the pump with a clamp. Sometimes a threaded adapter is used, which is also taken when connecting to the central system. Then we lay pipes to a private house, to the hydraulic accumulator.
A hydraulic accumulator is needed in case of frequent interruptions in the water supply, as well as if the water pressure in the system does not provide all people with a sufficient amount of liquid.
After the hydraulic accumulator we install a tee with shut-off valves. One outlet is used for laying to the water heater, and the other to the cold water supply collector.
If you install filters, they must be installed before the heater and before the cold water supply collector. We continue to lay the water supply from the boiler to the hot water supply collector.
From each circuit on two collectors we conduct wiring to consumers.
The pressure gauge and meter are installed by the corresponding services at the entrance to the house. For wiring pipes inside the house, a tee, diameter adapters, and angles are used.
When performing such work, we adhere to the following rules:
- We pass the pipes through the wall in a special glass;
- To make repairs easier, we place all elements at some distance from the walls.
At this point, the installation of water supply to the house can be considered complete.
Now we see that organizing a water supply system in a private house with your own hands, having certain skills in performing plumbing work, is not particularly difficult.