Calculate the day of ovulation from the last period. Ovulation: what is it and how to calculate it. Test usage time

Women who are planning a pregnancy should be able to calculate their ovulation calendar. As a method of protection, the calendar method is not very reliable. But for a successful conception, it is useful to know your “favorable days”. Let's look at how to determine the date of ovulation, and what symptoms accompany it.

What is ovulation

Ovulation is the period of the menstrual cycle during which the egg is released from the follicle. This day and the next few have the highest chance of conception if the woman has had unprotected intercourse. Normally, ovulation occurs regularly, more often in the middle of the cycle. It is accompanied by quite characteristic symptoms, which makes it easily recognizable for a woman. When planning a baby, it is very important to know when ovulation occurs.

After 30 years, the number of ovulatory cycles decreases and by the menopause period this stage completely disappears.

Online ovulation calendar

When does ovulation occur

Most women have a menstrual cycle that lasts 28-32 days. The period of release of the egg in such a cycle falls on the 12-15th day. You can accurately determine whether ovulation has begun using special test strips that are sold in pharmacies, or according to a schedule. Since test strips are expensive and temperature charts take several months to reveal a pattern, many women simply consider cycle day 14 to begin ovulation.

However, doctors say that even in a healthy woman, the period of egg release can shift to different cycles. Most often it occurs between 11 and 21 days. The exact date is affected by the hormonal background, emotional and physical state. As an exception, cases of two ovulations during one menstrual cycle were recorded.

Signs of ovulation

Ovulation lasts only 48 hours. In order for a woman to become pregnant, during these 48 hours, the egg must have time to meet with the sperm. auspicious days for conception, three days are considered before the release of the egg (since spermatozoa can survive until day X) and 1-2 days after (while the egg itself remains viable). This period is accompanied by certain signs:

rises by half a degree.
Luteinizing hormone is found in the urine.

In addition, during the ovulatory period, a woman feels the following symptoms:

Bloating and slight drawing pains in the abdomen.
Scanty bleeding.
The sensitivity of the breast increases, which is caused by a change in the hormonal background.
Increased sexual desire. Thus, nature naturally encourages conception.
Taste preferences may change.
Increased profusion of vaginal discharge.

By observing your characteristics over several menstrual cycles, you can determine when ovulation begins. Remember that all symptoms and sensations during ovulation are individual. Only you can calculate the signs and determine your own egg release dates.

The method is considered more reliable than subjective sensations. It is noticed that during ovulation and before the onset of menstrual bleeding, a woman stays at 37 degrees. In the first half of the cycle, it can be 36-36.5 degrees. By a sharp rise in this parameter, we can conclude that there is a change in the hormonal background and the days favorable for conception have begun.

The most accurate way to determine ovulation is by ultrasound.

An ovulation calendar can be very useful for those women who are planning a pregnancy in the near future. There are many ways to determine the only day in the cycle when fertilization of the egg can occur, but with the help of the program it is still easier to act. We will tell you how the ovulation and conception calendar works, how to use it, and what other ways exist to identify the “right” day.

The program is configured in such a way that it calculates the exact middle of the menstrual cycle depending on its duration, this is the day the egg is released from the ovary. A few more days before and after this are considered possible for fertilization, the rest are safe. All these moments allow the ovulation calendar to calculate and visually see the result in the form of dates marked with different colors.

In addition, you can use non- "automatic" methods, such as: growth basal body temperature, some subjective sensations, special tests and even ultrasound.

The most accurate of the above is an ultrasound. But to get a reliable result, it will have to be done for several days in a row, and this is not a cheap pleasure. It is much more profitable to calculate the ovulation calendar online. However, in the case of true infertility, ultrasound monitoring is indispensable.

To learn how to determine the phases of your menstrual cycle by measuring basal temperature, you will also need to learn how to make the right schedule and take measurements according to all the rules, otherwise annoying mistakes can happen. If you intend to independently create a calendar of ovulation and conception, then you should get used to not getting up at night to go to the toilet (the temperature is measured after at least 6 hours of being in a calm, lying position), buy a good thermometer (a simple mercury one will do), know what temperature values \u200b\u200bwhat they mean. So, during ovulation, the rectal temperature slightly exceeds 37 degrees, and before it ranges from 36.6 to 36.9. A basal temperature chart may also be needed for a doctor so that he can at least superficially judge the state of your reproductive system, more precisely, your hormonal background.

In addition, a day favorable for conception can be easily determined by girls who carefully monitor their health. For example, in the middle of the cycle, the amount of colorless or slightly whitish vaginal discharge may increase or the stomach may not hurt much. If you try to calculate the ovulation calendar online, you can make sure that it is on those days that pregnancy is likely.

Less sensitive girls can purchase special ovulation tests. Good luck!

Ovulation is called certain days when female body most prone to fertilization. That is why it is very important for everyone who dreams of a long-awaited pregnancy to know all the features of this natural process and also be able to calculate the day of ovulation.

Ovulation and conception calendar online

Online ovulation calculator is one of the fastest, most accurate and effective ways determine fertile (favorable for conception) days on your own. For this, a conception calculator is used, which calculates and displays the days of fertility in a period of four months.

To conduct an online calculation of ovulation, you must enter the following data:

First day menstrual bleeding of the cycle you are interested in (if you are interested in the days of ovulation in this and the next three months, then you must enter the first day of the last menstruation; if you want to know on which days of the previous cycles you ovulated, you must enter the first day of the menstruation of the corresponding cycle);
The average duration of menstruation;
The duration of the regular cycle. If the cycle irregular, you must first analyze the duration of the cycle for the last 6 months, and determine the minimum and maximum number of cycle days. Put a tick "irregular cycle", in the left box enter minimal amount days of the cycle, in the right window that appears - the maximum;
The duration of the corpus luteum phase, which is usually determined by the laboratory method by the level of the hormone progesterone, averages 12-16 days (the program defaults to 14 days).

After that, you just need to click the "Calculate" button, after which the program will issue an accurate calendar, which will indicate the days of the expected ovulation (with a percentage probability), as well as the days of safe and conditionally safe sex. Ovulation online with the help of such a calculator is calculated with a fairly high accuracy.

How does ovulation occur?

Normally, the female menstrual cycle, which is counted from the first day of bleeding to the first day of the next menstruation, lasts from 28 to 35 days.

On average, favorable days for conception (also called fertile) fall in the middle of the cycle, and include 1-2 days before ovulation, the ovulation period itself and 1 day after ovulation. The average duration of the state of fertility is 7 days.

That is, the fertile period begins at the moment of a jump in LH levels. If during this time the sperm does not fertilize the egg, it simply dies, and the new one matures only in the next cycle.

Corpus luteum phase (luteal phase)

After the end of ovulation (follicular phase), the maturation period begins corpus luteum - luteal phase, which is characterized by a decrease in the level of the hormone LH and an increase in the production of progesterone. The corpus luteum is responsible for the production of hormones necessary to maintain the normal course of pregnancy. If pregnancy does not occur, then the corpus luteum dies off, the level of progesterone decreases, which provokes the onset of menstruation.

The normal duration of the luteal phase ranges from 12-16 days.. Insufficiency of the corpus luteum phase (duration of 10 days or less) or its duration of more than 16 days, indicate hormonal disorders, the consequence of which may be miscarriage of the fetus in the early stages.

Recall that the phase of the corpus luteum begins the day after the end of ovulation and lasts until the onset of menstruation. That is, to calculate the duration of the corpus luteum phase, you need to know the duration of your menstrual cycle, the middle part of which falls on ovulation, and the days following it fall on the luteal phase.

A healthy woman ovulates every month (and sometimes twice), but there are two or three months a year when the egg does not mature - such cycles are commonly called anovulatory, and they are also considered a variant of the norm.

Read more about the process of ovulation

Having determined favorable days for conception, it will be quite simple to calculate the optimal number of sexual intercourses during this period, and the chances of becoming pregnant will increase significantly. It should be noted that the ovulation schedule will be useful for those who want to prevent unwanted pregnancy because it is often used as a method of contraception.

How to calculate the ovulation calendar?

Physiological signs of ovulation

Gynecologists say that every woman can notice the signs of ovulation and calculate conception - for this you just need to carefully monitor your body.

Discharge Features. Vaginal discharge is a constant occurrence in every woman, but in different phases of the menstrual cycle they have a different character. So, before ovulation, they become transparent and liquid, or viscous, and the consistency resembles the protein of a chicken egg. In addition, during this period, some women observe brownish or bloody discharge (the so-called daub). If ovulation has not occurred, the discharge is sticky, creamy, or absent at all.
Discomfort in the lower abdomen. The release of the egg may be accompanied by discomfort in the area of the ovary in which the dominant follicle matured. They can last from a few minutes to several days, and resemble "sipping" the abdomen before menstruation.
Swelling and pain in the mammary glands. Under the influence of hormones, in many women, before the release of the egg, the breasts can become sensitive or hurt.
Increased libido. Scientists have proven that it is on the eve of ovulation that women experience the greatest sexual desire - this is due to the natural instinct of reproduction (in this way the body tries to increase the chances of pregnancy).
General changes in well-being. Such signs are individual for each woman - it can be an exacerbation of taste and smell sensations, an increase in efficiency, or, conversely, irritability and increased emotionality.

calendar method

First of all, it should be noted that each woman has an individual conception calendar, which can be calculated based on the characteristics of the body.

With a regular cycle, if menstruation goes literally "by the clock", the question of how to calculate ovulation usually does not pose a big problem, because for this you will have to carry out the simplest calculations. For example, if a woman's cycle lasts 28 days, you can simply divide this figure by two: 28/2 \u003d 14. That is, in this case, days starting from the 12th will be considered fertile.

However, this method cannot be called extremely accurate. Very often, for a number of reasons, the menstrual cycle can be shortened or lengthened, respectively, the timing of the release of the egg also shifts, and when it is completely ineffective. That is, it is best not to rely on your own calculations, but to use a more convenient online calculator ovulation or measure basal temperature.

Basal temperature

Measurement of basal body temperature (BT) is one of the most effective methods and is best suited for women with irregular cycles. To understand how to calculate the day of ovulation in this way, you should know some features of the female body.

During the menstrual cycle, the basal temperature changes several times - this happens under the influence of hormones. At the beginning of the cycle, it is quite low, and during ovulation it rises significantly, reaches 37-37.3 C, and stays at this level until the next menstruation. True, in order to accurately determine the days of conception, it is very important to follow a number of rules:

You need to measure the temperature in the morning at the same time, after a full night's sleep (at least 6 hours), without getting out of bed.
Use the same thermometer, preferably mercury.
The thermometer is inserted into the anus, vagina or placed under the tongue, after which you need to lie down quietly for 5 minutes.
To obtain accurate results, BBT should be measured for at least two cycles, recording the results.

It should be noted that in this way you can calculate ovulation online. There are special resources and programs on the Web that automatically calculate fertile days (a woman only needs to enter BBT indicators there daily).

Read more about measuring basal temperature in the section.

Ovulation test

Ovulation tests are special strips that resemble those that allow you to determine pregnancy. True, the marker in this case is the hormone LH, and not hCG. Measurements are carried out in a similar way (immersion of the strips in the urine), and should begin 2-3 days before the expected ovulation.

The instructions for the test indicate which day of the cycle is best to start measuring, depending on the length of the cycle, but with irregular periods, it is almost impossible to determine this time.

Read about instrumental and instrumental methods for determining ovulation

Laboratory methods

One way to create an ovulation calendar, calculate fertile days and get pregnant quickly is to get tested for the main female hormones. These include:

FSH - surrenders on the 3rd-5th day of the menstrual cycle;
LG - for 3-8 or 21-23 days;
Prolactin - for 3-5 or 19-21 days;
Estradiol - on days 4-7 and 6-10;
Progesterone - 6-8th day.

The concentration of these hormones varies depending on the phase of the cycle, therefore, according to the results of the tests, it is possible to determine the day for conception with great accuracy.

If you ask specialists how to determine ovulation most effectively as in any cycle, the answer will be unequivocal - control of follicle growth using ultrasound.

To do this, it is necessary to carry out several ultrasound procedures: the first - on the 7-8th day, the second - on the 10-12th, the third - at the request of the woman or the doctor's recommendation. A sign of ovulation is usually the size of the dominant follicle, which is 18-21 mm. In addition, you can later check whether the follicle has ruptured - if a corpus luteum has formed in its place, it means that ovulation was normal.

Menstrual cycle

There is a common misconception that a woman's menstrual cycle should last exactly 28 days, and ovulation should occur precisely "on the 14th day of the cycle" or "in the middle of the menstrual cycle." This is not true.

In fact, the menstrual cycle is divided into two phases - follicular (before ovulation) and luteal (after ovulation).

Follicular phase

The follicular phase (prior to ovulation) begins on the first day of the last menstruation and lasts until one dominant follicle (or several) matures in the ovaries. Ends with ovulation.

luteal phase

The luteal phase (corpus luteum phase) begins at the moment of ovulation and lasts about 12-16 days.

A corpus luteum forms at the site of the covulated follicle within a few days after ovulation. Its main function is the synthesis of progesterone and estrogens to support a future pregnancy. If pregnancy does not occur, then after 10-12 days the corpus luteum undergoes reverse development, which leads to a drop in hormone levels, after which the next menstruation begins. If pregnancy has occurred, the corpus luteum continues to function and support the pregnancy.

In the absence of pregnancy, the level of progesterone reaches its maximum value about a week after ovulation - at this time it is recommended to take a blood test for progesterone to assess the function of the corpus luteum.

Length of the menstrual cycle

The follicular phase can vary in duration (both in different women and in one woman throughout her life). Usually, the length of this phase of the cycle determines the length of the entire menstrual cycle and affects the delay in menstruation - for example, if the maturation of the follicle is faster or slower than usual, or does not occur at all. The luteal phase usually has a constant duration (12 to 16 days).

Gender of the child

The gender of the unborn child does not depend on the location of the stars in the sky, the menu of future parents or the position at conception. The sex of the child depends on which type of sperm fertilizes the egg - carrying the male Y chromosome or the female X chromosome. Spermatozoa of the "male" sex, as a rule, move lighter and faster than "female" ones, but are more sensitive to external conditions and adverse effects. Spermatozoa of the "female" sex, on the contrary, are less mobile, but more hardy. Thus, if sexual intercourse occurs on the day of ovulation or later, the probability of having a boy increases, and if sexual intercourse occurs long before ovulation, then the probability of having a girl increases and the probability of conception decreases. However, experts believe that the reliability of this method does not exceed 60%.

Cycle duration

duration of menstruation

Menstruation
Ovulation
fertile day

Enter the first day of your last menstrual period

Menstruation
Ovulation
fertile day

Calculate ovulation with an online calculator

Above on the page is a calculator that will allow you to calculate ovulation online. The service will give you the opportunity to see a calendar for the next three months, which will mark the dates most favorable for conceiving a child. You will need to enter the required information:

Date of the first day of the last menstruation;
The number of days of the menstrual cycle;
The duration of bleeding, that is, how many days the period lasts.

Red - days of menstruation;
Yellow - days of ovulation with a specified probability as a percentage to conceive a baby;
Green - the day of ovulation with the maximum potential for fertilization of the egg;

Thus, the program allows young spouses planning to replenish the family to calculate ovulation for conceiving a long-awaited baby. An additional option of our service that calculates ovulation for conception is a special marking of days favorable for conceiving a girl, and days with a high probability of conceiving a boy. These categories of days are marked with corresponding icons.

Gynecologists call fertile days favorable for egg fertilization. Women who decide to calculate the ovulation calendar in our calculator will receive fairly accurate and reliable data on the fertile days in their body.

How does ovulation happen?

Ovulation is called the maturation of the egg in the female body within the biological cycle of the reproductive system. The maturation of the egg is its readiness for fertilization by a spermatozoon and, as a result, the birth of a new life inside future mother.

Normally, in a woman's body, the menstrual period lasts from 28 to 35 days. The starting point of this cycle is the first day of menstruation. The finish point is the first day of the next menstruation. Usually ovulation occurs exactly in the middle of this cycle. If the menstrual cycle is 28 days, then on the 14th day. However, seven days are considered fertile (or favorable for conception): 1-2 days before ovulation, ovulation itself, 1-2 days after it.

If fertilization does not occur during this period, the mature egg simply dies.

Luteal phase (corpus luteum phase)

The menstrual cycle usually repeats every twenty-eight days. On his first day, the woman notes spotting from the vagina. This cycle is a normal physiological process created by nature in order to enable a woman to become pregnant, bear and give birth to a baby.

Gynecologists distinguish three phases in the menstrual cycle:

follicular phase;
ovulatory phase;
luteal phase.

When menstruation comes, the follicular phase begins. The uterus rejects the mucosal layer, prepared for the adoption of a fertilized egg, the maturation of a new follicle begins in the ovary. During this period, the hormones progesterone and estrogen decrease in the body. However, there is more hormone that stimulates the growth of the follicle. This phase lasts approximately thirteen days.

Then comes the ovulatory phase, which lasts only forty-eight hours. This period ends with the release of the egg, which can be fertilized by the sperm. Fertility is at its peak right now.

It's time for the luteal phase, or the corpus luteum phase, which will last about two weeks.

This phase can turn into pregnancy if the egg was successfully fertilized in the previous stage.

In the luteal phase, a corpus luteum is formed from a ruptured follicle, which is a cell that generates progesterone, a necessary hormone for starting a pregnancy. During this period, the basal temperature increases, which will keep the corresponding indicators until the start of the next menstrual cycle, if the pregnancy has not begun. The corpus luteum is the main endocrine element of the ovary. Because without progesterone, gestation is impossible.

The pituitary gland in the female brain produces luteinizing hormone. It promotes the formation of granulosa cells in the ovarian follicle, which produce progesterone. The corpus luteum in a woman's body is a temporary gland that exists only in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. In the first three days of the corpus luteum phase, granulosa cells in the cavity of the follicle actively increase in size, capillaries appear between them. Each cell of the corpus luteum is saturated with blood vessels. In the corpus luteum, the most active blood flow of the body takes place during this period. Three to four days after the ovulatory phase, the generation of this unique blood supply system is completed - a network of vessels in the corpus luteum. At this point, progesterone is most actively produced in a woman's body. If the fertilization of the egg does not occur, the generation of progesterone - the main function of the corpus luteum is completed on the twelfth day after ovulation. The corpus luteum in this case is a gland internal secretion 1-1.5 cm in size, which is now entering the stage of reverse development.

Ways to calculate the ovulation calendar

Calendar calculation method

Each female body has its own individual calendar of days with maximum fertility, that is, the days most favorable for sexual intercourse, which can result in the fertilization of an egg by a sperm cell. There is a calendar method for calculating ovulation - auspicious days for conception. It is based on the peculiarities of the course of the menstrual cycle in a particular woman. It is not difficult to calculate it if the cycle is regular. For example, a girl knows for sure that her menstrual cycle is 30 days. In this case, thirty must be divided in half and subtracted two days. That is, 15 minus 2. Thus, on the thirteenth day after the first day of the last menstruation, a favorable period for conception begins. Ovulation will be in our example on the fifteenth day, and fertile days begin on the thirteenth day of the cycle.

But this is only possible with a regular cycle that does not go astray. Such calculations will be inaccurate and ineffective during the menstrual cycle, which in a woman either increases or decreases during the year.

Ovulation test

You can also calculate the day of ovulation in another way - purchase an ovulation test at the pharmacy. The pharmaceutical market has a rich assortment of such tests. Just like a pregnancy test, an ovulation test should be immersed in a container of urine and wait for two strips to appear. If in a pharmacy pregnancy test the markers of two strips are focused on the presence of the hormone human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in the urine, then in the ovulation test, luteinizing hormone (LH) markers are used. With irregular periods, it is not easy to determine the exact date of ovulation using this method.

Calculation of ovulation by physiological signs

In addition to all the above methods for calculating fertile days, there is a method that any girl can use on her own (without the help of a specialist). It is enough just to carefully observe your own body and trust Mother Nature.

The nature of the discharge from the vagina;
Soreness of the mammary glands;
Increased libido(sexual attraction to a partner);
Emotional irritability;
Discomfort in the lower abdomen;
Changes in well-being.

Let's talk about each feature in more detail.

In different phases of the cycle, which we talked about above, the expectant mother has different discharges. A day or two before the ovular phase, vaginal discharge is usually clear, liquid (possibly viscous), similar in viscosity to egg white. In some cases, brown, bloody discharge is also possible during this period, popularly called "daub". And in the follicular phase, the discharge from the vagina is of a different nature - creamy, sticky, or there is no discharge.

Sometimes a girl's breasts swell a day or two before ovulation, touching the nipples becomes painful. This is due to an increase in the level of progesterone in a woman's body, that is, hormonal changes.

The increase in sexual attraction to the future father is due to nature itself, which makes it clear to the female body that now is the most best time for conception and subsequent childbearing.

In one of the ovaries (left or right), a dominant follicle matures. This process on the day of ovulation may be accompanied by pulling (as during menstruation) pain in the lower abdomen.

Basal temperature

If your menstrual cycle is irregular, the most accurate picture of your fertile days on the calendar will be the method of regularly measuring basal temperature for you.

Within the phases of the menstrual cycle described above (follicular, ovulatory, luteal), in most cases, a woman has different indicators of basal temperature. This is due to a change in the dominant hormones in the body of the expectant mother. In the follicular phase, the basal temperature is usually low. In the ovulatory phase, the basal temperature rises to values from thirty-seven to thirty-seven and three tenths of a degree. And it is in the corresponding corridor of values until the new follicular phase.

In order for the method of measuring basal temperature to identify the most favorable days for conception to be effective, a woman should follow a number of recommendations:

Measurements are taken rectally or vaginally for at least five minutes in a calm lying position;
It is better if the thermometer is mercury rather than electronic (the same for the entire measurement period);
Measurements must be taken in the morning at the same hour, without leaving the bed, after a long night's sleep (which lasts at least six hours);
Measurements must be taken for at least two months, recording the result every day.

The site has a very convenient service that allows every day the expectant mother to enter the values of basal temperature into the program, which, after the daily input of information for two menstrual cycles in a woman, will accurately and clearly calculate the days of ovulation online.

Testing in the laboratory

Different methods for determining fertile days have a different degree of accuracy, because each female body is unique. Recall that the calculation of ovulation online in our calculator is one of the most accurate and effective methods.

There is another method for calculating ovulation days for a long-awaited pregnancy, which we will talk about now. At different stages of a woman's menstrual cycle, the content of one or another hormone changes in her body.

In a modern laboratory (where everything is sterile and precise, like in a pharmacy), a girl who wants to get pregnant can be tested for the main female hormones.

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) increases on day 3-5 of the menstrual cycle;
Luteinizing hormone (LH) - on days 3-8 or 21-23;
Prolactin - for 3-5 or 19-21 days;
Estradiol - on days 4-7 and 6-10;
Progesterone - on the 6-8th day.

The increased concentration of these hormones in the body, detected during laboratory tests, indicates to the gynecologist which phase or which day of the cycle is currently taking place. This allows you to accurately predict the day of ovulation and fertile days.

In addition, the delivery of tests to the laboratory will identify a possible disease in the expectant mother and cure it in a timely manner.