How to build a garden house with your own hands: step-by-step instructions. We build a country house - economically, independently, with high quality Do-it-yourself summer house step by step

Even a small country house should have at least a kitchen and a recreation room. If you plan to spend the whole summer outside the city, in addition to often receiving guests, it makes sense to build a full-fledged building with all the amenities. We invite you to view photos of projects country houses.

Basic requirements of SNiP

To the building located on garden plot, the requirements are less stringent than for residential building. However, if during the construction process you create discomfort for your neighbors, you may be forced to demolish the finished building.

Therefore, before choosing a project, you should familiarize yourself with the basic requirements of SNiP:

• even on a small plot, the building can only be located at a distance of 3 m from the neighbor’s fence
• the minimum distance from public territory (road) is also 3 m, and if there is a passage 5 m
• if there are other buildings on your site, in order to reduce the risk of their fire, the distance between block or stone buildings is left at least 6 m, between a stone and a wooden building 10 m, if both buildings are wooden - 15 m; when using wood only as a ceiling - 8 m
• if there is a nearby power line, the distance from it is from 10 m; from the high-voltage line it is even more up to 40 m
• a certain distance (up to 4 m) must be retreated from tree trunks; 2 m is sufficient from low-growing trees.

Don't forget about building density. With standard sizes summer cottage 6-10 acres you have the right to occupy no more than 30% of the area with buildings.

The territory must have a mesh or lattice fence 1.5 m high. Solid fences are allowed only if this is agreed upon by the meeting of gardening members or both neighbors agree to this.

Do I need any permission?

According to Art. 51 clause 1 part 17 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, if the building is not intended for permanent residence, no special construction permit is required. But to obtain ownership rights to an already built garden house, as well as to other outbuildings, you will need to issue a cadastral passport and register with the Registration Chamber (according to a simplified scheme).

If it is planned to erect a residential building on a garden plot with the right to register in it, then it will be necessary to obtain a special permit signed by the executive authorities and a construction passport. As well as permission from the fire inspectorate. In the future, registration of ownership of the building will also be required.

Even a small building should last long enough

To country house was as comfortable as possible, it’s worth listening to the opinions of experts:

• No matter how much you would like to build something unusual on your site, with little construction experience it is better to settle on a universal project that has already been tested over the years
• when planning, you should immediately determine the size of the rooms and their location; this will allow you to immediately determine the supply of communications (sewage and water supply), which are laid at the stage of building the foundation
• in order to save your own money, the design of even a temporary building must be thought out so that in the future it can be used as a bathhouse, barn or summer kitchen
• be sure to take into account the possibility of further adding additional premises to the building: verandas, terraces, bathhouses and other buildings
• even in a small house it is worth providing not only a relaxation room, but also a kitchen area
• in the absence of other buildings separate place should be allocated for placing garden tools
• the building must be durable enough to last at least 25-30 years

How much will construction cost?

Regardless of the size of the future garden house, before starting construction you will need to calculate the cost of its construction. To do this you need to think about:

• main parameters: length, width and height of the building
• type of foundation and its height
• the type of materials used to construct the walls and their thickness
• roof type
• materials used for flooring
• dimensions of each room
• heating methods (if planned)
• types of finishing materials
• communication methods: electricity, sewerage, etc.

There are enough programs on the Internet that can calculate the approximate cost of construction of any type of building. Most of them have a free trial period. You can also use online calculators for calculations. Please note that the cost of materials may differ from those in your region of residence.

Since prices during the construction of a country house may increase if construction is planned for a long time, It is better to include a reserve of at least 10-20% of the total cost in the estimate. When calculating the cost, do not forget that such “little things” as roofing bolts, screws, primer, and plaster will also require considerable expenses.

It is better to purchase materials in one place - bulk purchases will be much cheaper.

Choosing a site on the site

Choosing the optimal location on the site

First you need to draw up a scale plan of the estate and mark the cardinal directions on it. We immediately mark on it existing buildings and large plants that are not subject to demolition. We shade all restricted areas on the plan (distances from the fence, power lines, etc.).

You should also not locate the building near compost pits and toilets - with the slightest breeze, unpleasant odors will enter the house. We mark favorable zones in dotted lines. Try to plan the site in such a way that even after construction there will be space for outbuildings (if they are needed), recreation areas, for example, a swimming pool, gazebos, playgrounds, etc.

In addition to the distances from neighboring buildings and roads established by SNiP, you should also focus on other factors:

• It is better to locate a country house closer to access roads and sources of communications: loading and unloading crops and household items will not be a big problem in this case, and connecting to power supply and other communications will be cheaper
• wind direction: to prevent the building from drying out quickly, you should not place windows and doors on the side of the prevailing winds
• When the windows face south or east, the room will quickly overheat in the summer; it is better if the sun hits them in the afternoon
• so that groundwater does not destroy the foundation of the building, the house is located on the most elevated place; on wetlands, if there is no alternative, you will need to consider a reliable drainage system and waterproofing the foundation
• Pay attention to the appearance from the window, because comfort always comes from such little things.

Take your time choosing a project. Start development at least six months before the start of construction so that you have the opportunity to think it through thoroughly and make calculations without rushing.

We are drawing up a project

Of course, the design of a country house can be ordered from a specialized organization, but the prices for such services are considerable. When building a small house, it is much easier to use ready-made diagrams, which are abundant on the Internet, and supplement them with your own calculations.

Building plan

You will need several drawings. The first one indicates the location of all rooms, entrances and window openings, as well as the thickness of walls and partitions. The second figure shows the layout of the foundation and the roofing scheme.

Small building project

It is impractical to build too large a structure on 3-6 acres of land– it will take up most of the site. A grandiose structure is not required even if you spend little time at the dacha. In some cases, a small building without a foundation and assembled from boards or even plywood is sufficient. However, such a house will not last long.

Inexpensive panel or foam block buildings on a pile foundation will cost a minimal amount and will even go to your grandchildren. A small country house can have standard size 3x3 or 4x4 m, and it will be possible to provide even a separate small walk-through kitchen-dining room. The second room will have one or two sleeping places.

Little house It may also have one single room with space for kitchen cabinets, a dining table and a sleeping area. But even for a small country house, it makes sense to attach a winter glazed veranda or terrace along the long side of the building, 2 m long. The veranda is built on a common foundation or the foundation for it is poured separately.

Such a house can be made with a summer or winter attic. A medium-sized building will occupy a minimum of free space on the land plot, while the living area will increase. If there is an attic, bedrooms are located in it, and on the ground floor there is a kitchen and a bathroom.

It is better to complement such a building with a veranda or terrace, where you can comfortably settle down to relax in the evening. For better heat retention, a vestibule can be provided in front of the entrance. Small summer shower fits perfectly on the veranda.

If lightweight timber is used to build walls, and there are no problems with the soil (it is not too wet or loose, and groundwater does not rise too high), construction is sufficient strip foundation. The foundation for the stove is prepared simultaneously with the foundation of the house. For a veranda, a columnar base will be sufficient.

For a log house made of 150x150 timber, a strip of foundation 25 cm wide is prepared. The terrace is installed separately on pillars with a cross-section of 25 cm, buried in the ground at a distance of 60 cm. When building in marshy areas or erecting brick walls, you will need a full-fledged deeply buried foundation.

To save money, the foundation for the veranda can be made a separate lightweight one (column or pile). It can be added after construction is completed. But the option with a separate foundation is suitable only if there is soil that is not prone to movement, otherwise the foundation will move.

Large house project

If the family is large and the country house is planned to be used as a residential one, including in winter, it makes sense to build a permanent building from rounded logs, timber or even brick according to ready-made designs measuring 5.3x8.4 m, 7x8.4 m, 10x8 m and more. You can also order the development of your own non-standard project.

Such houses require a full strip foundation. It is laid below the freezing point of the soil, so that when seasonal temperatures change, movement and deformation of the structure does not occur.

A large country house can be two-story or consist of one floor and an insulated attic. It will have enough space not only for residents, but also for guests. On the ground floor there is a kitchen, bathroom and living room, and on the second floor there are bedrooms, children's rooms, an office and other rooms if necessary.

To avoid unnecessary problems with the supply of water, gas and sewerage, it is not worth moving the bathroom and cooking room to the second floor. It is also customary to arrange the living room on the ground floor, near the kitchen and away from the bedrooms.

If the building is planned to be used all year round, it is better to build not an attic, but a full second floor. Otherwise, almost the same amount of money will be spent on its insulation, wind and vapor barrier as on the construction of the second floor. It is also necessary to take into account heating costs - in the winter cold, solid walls will store heat much better than even well-insulated thin attic walls.

House with an attic

A country house building with an attic will cost less than the construction of a full-fledged two-story building only if it will be used only in the summer. But even when arranging it you will need insulation. Otherwise, on sunny days it will be too hot. The heat insulation layer is made slightly thinner than for winter use.

If only the first floor is heated, only the walls of the building and the ceiling are insulated, leaving the attic cold. The door/lid intended for access to the upper floor is made as tight as possible and additionally insulated.

When constructing a conventional gable roof, the living space in the attic will not be enough. To increase the free space, the roof is made broken. However, its construction is more complex, and more materials will be required.

Another way to expand the space in the attic is to raise the walls just above the first floor. Such houses are called “one-and-a-half story houses.” By raising the walls, the area of ​​the premises will increase slightly.

Project of a house with a glazed veranda

The veranda can be attached to only one side of the house or run along two or even three walls. On heaving soils, it is better to build the foundation for it simultaneously with the foundation of the house. After all, when making a separate shallow foundation, you will gain only 1-2 m.

Most often, the veranda is completely glazed or the lower half of the wall is covered, and double-glazed windows or single frames are inserted along the top. You will receive a full-fledged room in which you can equip a dining room, living room or kitchen. In the warm season, the windows can be opened wide.

The veranda can also serve as a continuation of the living room. It can also be equipped with a small sports corner, a children's playroom or even an office.

House with terrace

On the covered terrace you can not only sit down for tea on a warm summer evening. On hot or rainy days, you can use it to do some current chores without littering the house. Often it is built upon completion of the main construction on a separate columnar foundation.

The garage is built as an extension to the house or is located on the ground floor. The walls and foundation can be made of brick or concrete blocks. If the soil is wet or loose, the house is installed on a reinforced concrete pad.

Two-story house

If the family is large enough, and the size of the plot does not allow building a large country house, it makes sense to build a two-story building. In this case, you will be able to squeeze the maximum benefit out of even a small piece of land. The size of such a structure can be any from 4x4 m to 10x10 m or more.

The construction of a second floor will not cost much more. The load on the foundation increases by only 60%. Costs for flooring and roofing do not increase at all. Only the cost of materials for walls and floor coverings will be added. Thus, a square meter of area will cost less than in the case of a one-story building.

Experts do not advise overloading houses made of timber with an additional floor. It has enough advantages, but its strength has limits.

Country house combined with a bathhouse or sauna

If the land plot does not allow you to allocate a separate place for the construction of a bathhouse, it is quite possible to attach it to a country house. Such a project is also economically beneficial - after all building materials on separate building it will take a lot more. There will be no need for separate communications - light and water supply.

Very often, a bathhouse or sauna is added to a house after construction is completed. The foundation for it is selected depending on the type of soil and total weight buildings. To protect against moisture, the walls are carefully waterproofed.

Even if the bathhouse is being built simultaneously with a residential building, the foundation for it is made separate so that due to the difference in humidity, cracks do not appear and it does not move away from the general structure. The foundation must be built separately from the foundation of the house.

Indeed, due to high humidity, cracks may appear in it, and the base of the bathhouse will begin to move away from the foundation of the entire structure. Sewer and water supply pipes are laid in it. A separate drainage pit is prepared at a distance of at least 3-5 m from the foundation.

To prevent moisture from entering the room, the entrances to the bathhouse or sauna and the house are made separate. Between them you can build a covered corridor-transition, veranda, gazebo, or at least a canopy - in this case, when moving from the bathhouse to the house in winter, the likelihood of catching a cold is reduced. Since baths and saunas are a source of high humidity, you should carefully consider the ventilation system and waterproofing of the room.

In addition to ventilation holes, it is advisable to provide a window or small window for ventilation. The most acceptable option is to connect the steam room to a wall with a stove located in the house. In this case, the bathhouse or sauna will dry out much faster.

House with bay window

A bay window is a small part of a room protruding beyond the facade. Such structures will look ridiculous against the background of a building of a regular shape. A bay window will look harmonious only if there is a complex architecture, an unusual shape of windows, a roof or an entrance lobby.

It can be built into only one of the floors or pass through two floors at once. The bay window can have any shape: from semicircular to trapezoidal or pentagonal. With its help, it is possible to expand the area of ​​the building - in such extensions there are dining areas, winter gardens or work rooms.

In the absence of experience in construction, it is hardly possible to create such a structure, and the project will need to be ordered from specialists. However, such a house looks very unusual.

It is possible to attach a bay window after the construction of the country house. In this case, cantilever slabs are used as the foundation, which are built into the load-bearing wall. Such a foundation is buried to the same level as the foundation of the entire house. To lay out shaped protrusions, brick or profiled timber with a special locking system is most often used.

The protruding elements of the bay window lead to a weakening of the rigidity of the entire structure, so the frame of the house must be strengthened.

How much will it cost to purchase a finished building?

If you have no experience in construction, it makes sense to purchase a ready-made turnkey building. Depending on the allocated amount, you can buy either a simple panel structure or a full-fledged structure made of timber or logs. Since the cost of materials in each region may vary, it is better to find out the prices for such houses on the relevant websites.

• For example, a small house made of 3x3 m timber with clapboard cladding will cost 60 thousand rubles.
• An average-sized building of 5x3 m will cost about 10 thousand rubles.
• A full-fledged log house with a veranda can be purchased for 270 thousand rubles.

Materials used for construction

The choice of foundation type depends on the type of soil and the total weight of the structure:

• columnar or pile foundations made from concrete blocks, bricks, reinforced concrete, rubble stone in increments of 1-2.5 m; to combine them into one structure that serves as the support of the house, a grillage made of wood or metal is used; the most economical option, more suitable for light timber or frame buildings, log houses; V dacha construction screw piles are mainly used; driven, driven and drilled piles are used less frequently;
• strip foundation: a more durable support made of reinforced concrete, brick or rubble, such a tape runs along the entire perimeter of the house and internal partitions; is divided into two types: shallowly buried in the ground at 40-70 cm and deeply buried (used for heaving soils) 1.5-1.8 m below the freezing level; strip bases can be used for any type of house from cast, block to brick;
• slab base in the form of a monolithic reinforced slab located on a sand and gravel bed; when the soil heaves, such a foundation is capable of lowering and rising without any deformation; such a base simultaneously serves as a subfloor; Suitable for all types of buildings, including large ones.

A columnar foundation on loose soils or with close groundwater passage is unacceptable. In these cases, strip foundations are used.

Most types of foundations are built on a 20-30 cm sand and gravel cushion, which protects the foundation from groundwater and capillary moisture. It is especially important in the presence of heaving (peaty and clayey) soil, which when frozen changes its volume and rises to the top. In the absence of a sand and gravel substrate, this can lead to warping of the foundation and cracking of the walls.

This cushion also helps to perfectly level the base before pouring the foundation. With its help, the pressure of the building on the ground is distributed more evenly. If it is absent and the structure settles unevenly, it may simply warp. Such a pillow is not made only on sandy soils or very wetlands.

When laying the foundation, sewerage and water supply pipes are immediately laid. Their depth is 0.5 m below the freezing point of the soil. If this is not possible, the pipes are additionally insulated. To ensure gravity flow of liquid, they are laid at a slight inclination of 4-7°.

Wall materials

The choice of materials for the walls of a country house depends on many factors: personal preferences, region of construction, length of residence (all year round or only in summer period), project requirements and, of course, the allocated amount:

• frame or panel buildings: their main advantages are low cost and ease of construction; The disadvantages include high flammability, low wind resistance and poor thermal insulation - a few years after the shrinkage of mineral wool or polystyrene foam laid between the frame posts, it will be difficult to heat the house; service life 30-40 years;
• slag-cast: inexpensive buildings, for arranging the walls, formwork is prepared into which a mixture of cement and coal slag is poured; this method was even used in the construction of residential buildings several decades ago; the main disadvantage of this material is its low moisture resistance: inside such rooms, due to dampness, fungus quickly grows; service life up to 50-70 years;
• lightweight houses made of gas or foam blocks: these inexpensive materials are 8 times larger than ordinary bricks, so the construction of the building will be quick, in addition, the blocks are easy to saw or drill; due to their high porosity they have high heat and sound insulation; the service life of aerated concrete is up to 50-80 years, foam blocks are slightly lower;
• sandwich panel houses: unlike frame and panel panels, the strength element in them is not racks and crossbars, but the panel itself, filled with polyurethane foam, polystyrene foam or mineral wool. Such structures do not require assembly - fragments of the future building are delivered ready-made, all that remains is to assemble them; although such products are more expensive than panel and frame products, the disadvantages are the same - high flammability and short service life; although manufacturers claim that such a house can last up to a hundred years, in practice, within a couple of decades after the insulation shrinks, it will be problematic to live in the house permanently;
• houses made of timber or log cabins: durable eco-friendly building; excellent heat retention; service life 100 years or more; garden houses made of timber can be purchased ready-made, “turnkey”;
• brick or stone buildings: their construction will cost much more, but they will last 100-150 years or more.

Roof

For an inexpensive country house, it would be optimal to use a roof made of metal tiles or corrugated sheets. Such a roof is quite durable and not afraid of bad weather and can last up to 40 years. Rolled metal coated with color protective film, looks quite aesthetically pleasing. Metal tiles are more convenient when arranging roofs of complex shapes.

The disadvantages of these two materials include high level noise during rain or wind - the impact of every drop will be heard in the room. That is why it is worth considering soundproofing the ceiling.

Inexpensive polystyrene foam is a good heat insulator, but there is no point in using it as a sound insulator - it conducts sounds quite well. In addition, this material is flammable.

When using roofing felt as a roof, it is better to choose a material with an additional protective coating in the form of abrasive chips - it will last longer. However, the service life of inexpensive bitumen-based materials is short and is only 12-15 years. For euroroofing felt based on fiberglass, it lasts a little longer - 20-30 years.

The most optimal material for the roof of a building used not only in summer, but also in winter, is slate. At a relatively low cost, it has excellent characteristics - it is not afraid of temperature changes, is chemically resistant, and its actual service life is up to 30-40 years. However, slate weighs a lot and increases the load on the foundation, so this fact must be taken into account when laying the foundation.

Arrangement of partitions

There is a rule in construction: partitions should not exceed the weight of load-bearing walls. The simplest inexpensive structures are frame, panel or plank. It is better not to use drywall in an unheated building - it quickly absorbs moisture and will warp over time.

In such a house it is better to use ordinary partitions made of boards, then covered with shingles and plastered with lime. Any types of partitions are installed only on the subfloor. After installing the frame, which is attached to the frames to the floor and ceiling, heat insulators are laid inside, with the help of which heat is more evenly distributed indoors.

When constructing walls from timber or logs, the arrangement of partitions begins only after the wood has settled. The timber will settle for at least 6 months, but it will take at least a year for the logs to dry out. Glued laminated timber almost does not shrink, so the installation of partitions can begin immediately after construction is completed.

Facade finishing

Facade plaster

Cinder block houses or cinder-cast structures can simply be plastered and then painted with façade paint. Frame houses are covered with wood, finished with siding, block house (log panels) or thermal panels. It is also possible to plaster them.

If you have available funds, you can clad your country house with a ventilated facade with porcelain tiles or bricks. However, the cost of these materials cannot be called democratic.

Insulation

If a heated building is not insulated enough, this will lead not only to an increase in the cost of coal or gas, but also to the appearance of condensation in the premises due to the high temperature difference. Protecting the building from temperature changes and excess moisture by installing insulation will significantly extend its service life.

It is better to insulate a building only from the facade side, so that the dew point (the temperature at which water vapor turns into water) does not move inside the building. You will need to insulate both the foundation, the ceiling above the basement (between the joists or under the screed), the attic floor, and the walls themselves.

As a heat insulator, you can use inexpensive polystyrene foam, expanded polystyrene, mineral wool, sawdust or expanded clay. The last two are used as foundation insulation and attic backfill. Extruded polystyrene foam, resistant to rotting, can be used both for thermal insulation of walls and insulation of the foundation of a house.

To insulate the walls, a frame is prepared, between which waterproofing and a layer of insulation are laid. It is recommended to install a film on top of the heat insulator to serve as a wind barrier. Next, the frame is covered with any finishing material.

If you have recently purchased a summer cottage, then the issue of building a small country house is very relevant for you. You can store household items, expensive tools in it, as well as create a small lounge and kitchen. In this article we will look at how to make construction of a country house inexpensively with your own hands, and also find out which materials you can save a lot on.

Construction of a country house inexpensively with your own hands

Of course, like any construction, it also needs to start with calculating the budget. How much money are you willing to spend on this project? If enough, then you can think about building a brick house. Otherwise, it is recommended to use borrowed frame house technology. The advantages of this method are obvious - savings cash, as well as the efficiency of the work carried out. In just a couple of weeks your house will be ready for use.

Stages of construction of a country house:

Creating a project. If you do not want to contact a specialized agency, then you can create your own project that will be convenient for you personally. The main thing that you have to do in any case is to show your finished project to professionals in order to avoid possible problems in the future. As for the area of ​​the future home, it all depends on your personal preferences and capabilities. 40 sq.m. is quite enough.

Purchase of building materials. What materials are needed to build a country house with your own hands? Today the market offers a huge variety of high-quality, efficient and durable materials that are suitable for any construction:

• Log or beam. Wood will be needed in any case. Depending on the quality of the raw materials, the cost of the timber will fluctuate. Carefully inspect the material; it is important that it is thoroughly dried.
• Brick or cinder block. They have low cost, durability and reliability. Although building a house using these materials will not greatly affect costs, be prepared to spend a significant amount on subsequent wall finishing.
• SIP panels. High quality, modern materials, which not only save your money, but also time. A house made from SIP panels is warm, dry and comfortable.

Important! If you want to save money on materials, study the market thoroughly. You will be able to find high-quality raw materials at a big discount. You should not focus on branded companies, since they are the ones who mark up more than 50% on the price.

Where to start building a country house on a summer cottage?

Most main element any country house is the foundation. The service life of the structure, its reliability and strength depend on it. Of course, the foundation should not be neglected, since any mistake or wrong action will immediately result in cracks and splits in the walls. Before digging a trench for the foundation, carefully calculate the weight of future materials - walls, roofing, sheathing, insulation and finishing. All this adds kilograms. Typically, the depth of the foundation of a house should be at least 1 m. After pouring, it must be left for a month to compact and dry.

Immediately after the foundation, you can begin building the frame and installing the roof truss system. It is also worth considering high-quality sewerage. If there is a central sewer system, then you should buy a septic tank with outlets to the irrigation fields.

So, is it possible to build a country house? inexpensively with your own hands? Certainly. The main thing is to plan and not rush to buy materials from the first person you meet.

See also video:

DIY garden cottage

Do-it-yourself summer houses for relaxation

Most summer residents live outside the city only in the summer and do not need expensive permanent homes. They want a roof over their heads and living space large enough to accommodate family members.

How to build a house with your own hands?

An optimal economic pension is best suited for this purpose.

Advantages of summer cottages

House boards are popular due to the following advantages:

• High level of construction - 2-6 weeks
• Low cost - from 3 to 8 thousand rubles per square meter. m versus 18 thousand rubles. per square meter. m for houses with brick walls
• Low weight, allowing the use of cheap, shallow foundations
• Resistance to freezing forces
• The ability to manufacture parts at the factory, which improves the quality of construction and simplifies assembly
• No shrinkage
• Wide range of architectural solutions
• Ability to warm up and adapt at home for life

Panel house design

The house consists of a wooden or metal frame covered with panels.

The metal frame is made of a rectangular cross-section, and the wooden frame is made of a rod. For external coatings:

• Lamels
• OSB panels
• Profiled film
• Moisture resistant plates
• Asbestos cement slabs
• toilet

The inner leather is made of moisture-resistant materials.

If the house is to be lived in all year round, the walls are lined with insulation.

Construction of panel houses

Construction companies offer services for the construction of turnkey panel holiday homes or a set of parts for their own construction. The first option frees the builder from most of the problems, while the other allows you to build a house for your dacha and save money.

Project selection

A quality project is the basis for success in building a house.

Serious companies that produce panel houses and key building kits offer dozens of standard models and offer custom design services.

Individual projects are quite expensive, so they are rarely used for economy-class houses.

Creating a standard project allows you to save on design and a wide selection of already prepared architectural solutions - choose the desired design and location of the house.

foundations

Under the light panel house, spacers and notches are used with columns and strips and screw pilots.

• Small hidden pillars reduce costs and shorten construction time.

  Columns are installed at intervals of 1.5 to 3 meters under external walls and columns, at the corners of the building and in places where internal walls connect to external walls. They are made from logs, concrete, red brick, bentonite and base blocks. The depth of the coating is up to 40 cm, the cross-section should exceed the thickness of the walls. To increase stability, the columns are connected to wooden or reinforced concrete beams

• Countertops do not allow for a warm basement.

  If the design is included in the design, a shallow recessed base underlay is applied under the exterior walls and a foundation base is provided under the interior walls. The depth of coverage and width of the tape are the same as for pillars. The belt is made from concrete, quarries or foundation blocks

• On weak floors it is based on screwdrivers.

  Using them allows the house to rest on solid ground that is deeper than the surface. Helicopter bases can be built in 1 to 2 days without the use of heavy equipment

frame

The panel of a prefabricated house can be made from a kit made in a factory or from purchased materials, in-house or from a contractor.

Turnkey construction of a house eliminates most of the problems for the developer, with the exception of monitoring the execution of construction work - it is impossible to check the quality of the frame assembly on its surface.

To self-assemble a frame from factory parts, you must follow the instructions and wiring diagram included with the kit.

The work resembles a design meeting and is entirely possible for a developer with experience in construction.

The cheapest, but most worrisome option is to build the lumber itself. Depending on the size and number of floors of the house, the frame is made of a rod 100x100 - 150x150 mm or 50 mm thick.

The frame is installed in the following order:

1. At the top of the base there is waterproofing of the roofing material
2. For the foundation using built-in parts and anchor bolts to attach the frame (thresholds) - beams, it is located at the edge of the house and under the prairie
3. Place logs and give rough soil.

   Fits on the edges of the base or beam beam

4. Install the vertical skeleton posts - first on the corners and then on the walls of the 0.6 m shelf, installed on the slot, sawn in the bottom panel, securing the clamp and nails and securing the first temporary and then permanent remainder.

   At the same time, they constantly control their verticality and position in the same plane. The corner posts are made from sticks and you can use the same 50mm width edge plate for intermediate use

5. In the upper places the top tape works. Framed door and window openings

All wooden structures must be impregnated with antiseptic compounds.

Overlapping and covering

Wooden columns are placed on the top frame of the frame and secured using structural clamps.

Width 3-4 meters - plate size 50x150 mm with a large range - 100x150-150x150 mm. The beam is 0.6 m. In this case, 1.8 m wide screens (modules) are used to cover the ceiling.

Rafting clusters are made on the floor on a panel 50x120-50x150 m.

First install the outer rafts, and then the intermediate elements that control the position of the rafters in one plane. Then make a box and close the roof. Roofing materials for a home should be lightweight, for example:

• Bituminous shingles
• Metal panel
• Profiled film
• Bituminous slate

Wall coverings

The width of the screens should be equal to the degree of installation of the frame rails and the length to the height of the walls.

Security guards are on offer at the workplace in the following order:

1. Plates assembled
2. On the frame there was a polyethylene film as a vapor barrier
3. Guide the inner frame frame
4. Frame facing, heater inserted inside
5. Wind resistant protective membrane
6. Get outer skin

The coat should be compressed over the frame by half the width of the frame frame to hide them.

The perimeter protection frame is covered with a heater and is tightly inserted between the frame frames. Application is done using nails. When using sheet material, it may be without a frame. The cutting blades are attached directly to the frame and the heater is inserted between the posts.

As can be seen from the description, the construction of a country house with a team of two or three people of average qualification.

Using factory modules significantly speeds up assembly. In just a few weeks after you start installing the frame, you can move into your cottage and enjoy the outdoors.

Videos on weekends

Simple holiday home

How to insulate a plate with your own hands in front of a path

Country houses made of foam blocks: building a house over the summer

Country houses made of foam blocks are lightweight and fireproof.

Thanks to the large dimensions of the blocks and precise dimensions, construction is carried out at high speed. It is quite possible to build a house over the summer.

The use of foam blocks in the construction of various structures guarantees heat conservation and fast pace of work. A country house made of this material will cost more than one made of wood, but less than one made of brick.

What are the benefits of foam blocks?

• They have a precise geometric shape and the dimensions are well maintained.

  Therefore, they can be installed quickly

• Moisture resistant
• Inexpensive
• Strength increases over time
• They have very low thermal conductivity.

  According to this indicator, it is one of the most the best materials for construction

• Have a small specific gravity. Therefore, they are manufactured with quite large sizes, which has a positive effect on the speed of wall construction
• Easy to handle

But there are also disadvantages

• Cannot bear heavy loads
• Slowly gaining strength.

  In this case, shrinkage occurs.

  DIY country house 6x6. Photo report. Part 1

  And as a result, cracks may occur.

Use high-quality autoclaved foam concrete - it is less susceptible to shrinkage.

For the construction of one-story country houses, the strength of foam concrete is quite sufficient. In this case, it is necessary to strengthen the upper load-bearing row with reinforcement.

Foundation

Usually, when building a country house, a shallow strip foundation is used.

It can be done in different ways.

• From prefabricated blocks laid without connection, freely
• Made from blocks, with reinforced belts installed above and below the blocks
• Made from rigidly connected reinforced concrete blocks
• Made from monolithic reinforced concrete

The choice of method is made depending on the properties of the soil.

The reinforced tape option is suitable for both subsidence and highly heaving soils. The width of the tape is made to exceed the thickness of the walls by 10-20 cm. Laying depth is up to 60 cm.

Base – within 40 cm.

On heaving soils, it is necessary to install a cushion made of non-freezing material.

Construction of the foundation

Stages of making a strip reinforced foundation with shallow depth.

1. Marking
2. Development of trenches.

   If the soil does not crumble, trenches are made the width of the foundation. Their walls will act as formwork

3. Filling a 30-centimeter sand and gravel cushion in layers, compacting each layer.

   The thickness of each layer is 10 cm

4. Laying waterproofing material on the bottom and walls of the trench
5. Installation of formwork under the above-ground part of the foundation (basement)
6. Installation of fittings
7. Pouring concrete

Foundation quality conditions

To build a quality foundation, the following conditions must be met.

• The correct proportions of components in the concrete mixture
• There should be no air bubbles (voids) in the concrete.

  To achieve this, use a vibrator or bayonet the concrete with a metal rod.

• There should be no interruptions during filling

After pouring, until the concrete hardens, it requires maintenance. It must be protected from the sun and watered in hot weather. Insulate in cold weather.

Rolled waterproofing material is laid on top of the foundation.

The overlap of stripes must be at least 15 cm.

Wall masonry

Before you start building walls, you need to check the horizontalness of the foundation. The permissible height difference is 3 cm.

If necessary, leveling should be done with cement mortar.

The upper plane of the blocks laid in the wall must be horizontal. That is, not only the edges running along the wall must be horizontal, but also those across them.

Horizontal control is carried out using a level. The position of the block is adjusted if necessary with a rubber hammer.

First row

The laying of the first row must be done with extreme precision - the accuracy of the construction of the entire house depends on this.

• Find the highest point of the foundation using a level.

  The first block is laid in the corner closest to this point

• Then blocks are installed in all other corners
• A mooring cord is stretched between the corner blocks along the outer edge of the wall.

  The first row is filled in using it

• If any unevenness in the masonry is formed, they are eliminated with a plane or sanding board. Dirt and dust are removed with a brush

Reinforcement

The reinforcement is laid on foam blocks after filling the first row, and then after laying every fourth row.

A smoothly curved rod is placed in the corners.

• Using a grinder, grooves of 4x4 cm are made at a distance of at least 6 cm from the edge of the block
• The grooves are cleaned of dust and moistened with water.
• Cement mortar is placed in the groove to half the depth
• A rod moistened with water is laid
• The recess is completely filled with solution

A monolithic belt is made at the floor level.

It connects load-bearing walls along the entire perimeter and gives spatial rigidity to the entire structure.

For laying foam blocks the following can be used:

• Cement-sand mortar
• Cement-sand mortar with added lime
• Adhesive for wall blocks

The solution with lime does not set so quickly and has good plasticity.

The glue allows you to make thin seams.

It has a fairly liquid consistency and does not set for a long time.

Block cutting

Usually a row cannot be laid using only whole blocks. You have to supplement it with chopped ones.

You can cut blocks with a hand hacksaw. The cutting line is drawn with a pencil on two adjacent sides to ensure an accurate cut. The cut surface is leveled with a sanding board or plane. A smooth surface is necessary to ensure good adhesion between the solution and the block.

Load-bearing walls

After laying the first row, you need to wait 1-2 hours until the solution sets.

Then the wall masonry continues.

• Corner blocks are laid and leveled
• The mooring is being stretched
• The row is filled with foam blocks
• Irregularities are removed with a plane or sanding board

The ligation sutures should be at least 10 cm.

The minimum length of the outer blocks (corner, opening) is 11.5 cm.

Internal load-bearing walls are connected to external ones by bandaging.

Partitions

1. The junction of the partition is indicated on the load-bearing wall
2. At this point, flexible connections (anchors) made of stainless steel are inserted into the seam. One end is in the load-bearing wall, the other is in the seam of the partition
3. Anchors are secured with nails

Anchors are inserted into the load-bearing wall through a row.

It is allowed not to secure them with nails, but simply press them into the solution.

Door and window openings

You can buy factory-made lintels for the ceiling, or they can be made from homemade hollow foam blocks, having a P-shaped cross-section.

1. Mark the locations of the cuts on the foam block
2. Having cut through the grooves, chop off the inner part with a construction hammer
3. Hollow blocks in the shape of an inverted letter U are laid over the opening on wooden supports.

   These can be boards or beams. The supports can be nailed to the side walls of the opening

4. 12-16 mm reinforcement is placed inside the cavity and concrete is poured. The supports remain until the concrete hardens.

You can lay foam blocks over the opening and on metal corners.

Roof

Wooden beams are usually used to construct floors in a foam block house.

The type of roof, its design and shape may vary. Its construction is not much different from this type of work when constructing houses using other building materials.

Exterior decoration

Although foam concrete does not penetrate to a great depth when exposed to moisture, the surface layer absorbs it quite well.

So if the walls are not covered with exterior finishing, they darken and begin to collapse.

The following can be used as exterior finishing for walls made of foam blocks:

• Hinged cladding installed with a gap (siding, decorative panels, house siding with imitation timber)
• Decorative plaster
• Composite panels
• Natural and artificial stone
• Painting with silicone paints

The construction of a country house from foam blocks is relatively inexpensive, and construction occurs quickly.

If you have some construction skills, it is quite possible to make such a house with your own hands.

Video about how to build a house from foam blocks

When building a house on a summer cottage, everyone wants to build one that will be comfortable to live in.

But coziness and comfort depend on the internal layout of the house. First of all.

And the layout itself depends on the size of the building, the number of people in the family, and the presence of small children. It also depends on whether you plan to live in the country only in the summer, or whether you want to come here all year round. There are some things you should definitely consider when deciding how to layout your home.

Layout of a one-story country house

Even a small house should have at least three rooms:

The kitchen can be positioned so that the entrance to the house is through it.

In this case, the kitchen room will also serve as a vestibule, which traps cold air if you come to the dacha in winter.

During cooking, the air in the kitchen heats up noticeably, which is also good for heating the house. This option is much better than building a cramped vestibule.

If you want to make a canopy, you can make it out of glass. Using profiles, double glazed windows and glass doors.

If you use your dacha all year round, you need to provide additional heating.

For example, you can plan a country house with a stove in the kitchen, the back wall of which opens into the next room.

This stove will heat two rooms at once. Well, you can install an electric heater in the bedroom. There are many economical modern models.

It should be taken into account that the house heats up much faster if good quality double-glazed windows are installed on the windows. It should be noted that the warmth in the house does not depend on the size of the windows, but on how well they are glazed. The best option is high-quality plastic windows with several panes.

If a country house made of laminated veneer lumber contains one room and a kitchen, then the living room is divided by a partition.

A bed is installed behind the partition. This house is suitable for a family of two.

If there is one more room in the house, albeit a small one, then it is quite possible to arrange a nursery there.

And the dacha will already accommodate a family of four.

These tips are also suitable for those who already have a small garden house. But many people want to increase the number of rooms and are thinking about building a second floor.

Features of the construction of the second floor

Many people think that a great option for increasing living space would be to arrange a second floor.

But you first need to find out how strong the foundation under the house is. It is likely that it will not be able to support the additional weight. You need to find out about this in advance, and not after cracks begin to appear in the walls and the house begins to collapse.

In addition to this, there are some other features. They must be taken into account before building the second floor.

If there is enough free space on the dacha plot, then it is always better to build a spacious one-story house.

It costs less, and living in one-story house more pleasant.

No need to climb stairs. This is especially important if there are elderly people in the house. After all, the stairs in two-story dachas, as a rule, are cool. They are easier to build than flat ones. In addition, it is much more difficult to heat a two-story house than a one-story house.

If you are building a second floor, there is no need to make concrete floors. It's easier to make them from wood. The house will be warmer. It is best to lift the stairs from the kitchen if it is located immediately outside the front door.

Heat will not escape to the second floor from the living room.

On the second floor there are usually one or two bedrooms. It is best to keep bedrooms small to make them easier to heat. After all, living in a country house, a person enters the bedroom only to sleep.

But, it must be repeated that if the area of ​​the plot allows, then it is better to build a more spacious one-story house instead of the second floor.

Construction of a terrace

Since people spend almost all their time outside in the summer, a covered terrace needs to be added to the house.

It can be located on the entrance side, then the terrace will also play the role of a porch. It needs to be provided with a good roof that will protect it from bad weather and the hot sun. It is also necessary to provide for the fastening of mosquito nets.

Some tips were given on how to make your country house more comfortable.

10 steps on how to build a country house over the summer

If a person plans to build a dacha from scratch, then he can plan it the way his heart desires. But not everything is as simple as it might seem. Below are the most common mistakes that people make when thinking about what kind of house to build on their summer cottage.

Of course, everyone’s tastes differ, but still, we will talk about those things that help reduce construction costs and increase comfort.

Mistakes when planning a country house

The house is too big
There is no need to build a house too big.

Thick walls in the house
Walls that are too thick require a more powerful foundation, and therefore extra costs.

Modern technologies make it possible to build lightweight houses, for example, frame houses, or from timber. Good insulation solves all heating difficulties, and the choice of high-quality material and qualified builders makes the house very durable.

Construction of a basement or ground floor
There is no need to create a large basement or basement floor unnecessarily.

These premises require high-quality waterproofing, insulation, ventilation and heating. For all this you need to hire specialists. Additional costs for building materials are required. Very significant. Also, do not build a base that is too high. This also increases costs.

If you plan to build a fireplace in the house, then you need to build it in the middle so that the heat from it spreads to adjacent rooms.

A fireplace built against an outer wall is completely irrational.

It seems that all things are very simple. But if you avoid these mistakes when planning your house, you can significantly save on building materials and construction time.

Video example of planning a country house using a special program

Posted on: 4-2-2016

For summer residents who are just about to build their first small house, my selection of 15 photos of country house design ideas will be very helpful. I must say, there is something to learn here and something to be surprised by, but what can I say - it’s better to see for yourself!

I draw your attention to the fact that there are no diagrams or plans here.

All material is provided for inspiration only. But, an experienced builder, if you show him a picture of a structure you like, he can easily build, if not exactly the same, then close to the original.

The first house simply captivated me with its canopy with a pointed roof. If it weren’t for this roof shape, it would have been just an ordinary country house! Agree, such a canopy roof, supported by slender wooden columns, gave the whole house sophistication and elegance!

A beautiful country house, to say the least!

And in this miniature house I really liked the turret at the very top. In terms of area, it is like a temporary shed, but the beautiful decoration of the walls, windows, tiles on the roof and this turret make it almost a palace!

By the way, flower boxes mounted under the window greatly improve the appearance of the facade, no matter how small it is!

This house is just very cute, especially the lattice windows and door.

This country house caused a storm of delight among my whole family.

I showed it to them, saying that we would build the same one for ourselves at the dacha. And a miniature terrace, and dormer windows on the roof! Just a peek. A miniature copy of a beautiful country mansion!

There is a lot of light in this house.

Choosing a garden house and its phased construction

because he has a very good large windows. But even in cloudy weather it is light and gives you a feeling of greater unity with nature! The pediment of this house is designed in an unusual way - it is decorated with two balusters.

And in this house there is a second light under the roof. Since there are no windows on one side, something like dormer windows are made under the roof itself.

True, from the photo it is clear that the owners use it as a workshop, but for newly-minted summer residents it could also serve as a shelter at night and from the rain.

Small wooden house with a canopy across the entire width of the roof.

A good solution - here you have a patio terrace, the wall of the house will protect you from the wind, and the roof canopy will protect you from rain and sun.

This little white house is just a fairy tale!

Elegant, romantic, with a pergola attached to it, it invites you to settle in and not know any grief! Still white adds sophistication to any building, even very small ones.

This interesting asymmetrical house has a frame structure and is lined with wood.

The originality of this building lies not only in its unusual roof, but also in the glazing of two walls, forming a “transparent corner” at the exit.

This house is simply attractive and well built.

The blue house under a tiled roof with white curtains looks very attractive.

It feels like the house has a caring owner!

And this bright house in front of a small pond made me feel tender. It is so small and so harmonious with its blue door and windows with tulle curtains that I wanted to sit down in front of it, dip my feet in the pond and daydream for an hour or two.

This house is made of wood, although it is low, it is very nice.

Well, the last house in the series of 15 best is a house with a trapezoidal canopy.

Beautiful, elegant, tastefully decorated - what else can you say! And there is a terrace next to it - there is a place to admire the stars in the evening!

Ideas for small cozy country houses

We could stop here, but there are so many ideas for small houses that I always want to look for something and share my finds with you.

Let me remind you that in America and Canada, the hobby of designing and creating houses on wheels of unusual shapes is very common. These are real residential buildings. I will continue to introduce you to interesting ideas for such houses. After all, if we exclude the wheels, then such houses will look great on our plots! Here is a review video from the creators of this wonderful house.

There is no translation, but everything is clear.

My construction and life in the country

I would like to tell my story when we decided to live in the country and start all over again. In general, it so happened that our apartments did not exist, and in recent years we lived in rented apartments. And so life within the walls of others and frequent trips brought us - I wanted my own, peace and stability. But the way we live is not rich and can't buy anything, you decide to buy a Dacha (4sotki) and then another, we left the pages very cheap.

These sites are the same, we prepared that they were forced to leave all the bushes and trees from their homes, and yet they had the resources that I introduced sandstone and sand into the future of our home.

But after a few days we decided to give them a chance to defeat the house in the village, and then I brought the plate and two evenings (as I worked during the day), the house was almost ready. It looked like a trailer, but we were not aware of the beauty, it was already the end of September and cold and winter would soon be upon us. Below is a photo of creating a time zone

Construction of a cottage in the country - the beginning

He built it twice - he wanted it faster, but it got dark early, so he took a battery and a lamp with him. So, this house was looking for another night - it was not yet dark.

It worked like a screwdriver and wire, the design was very simple, so everything was done very quickly.

Cabin construction in the country

I then brought in some foam and the house was insulated with 10cm thick foam and foam sealed all the seams between the foam and all the slots.

He made the front door. And the interior, while there were bare slab walls. The next day he brought 200 pieces. red brick and it took two nights to build the brick. A photograph of the furnace design has not survived.

Construction of holiday homes

House dimensions 6.3 * 3m.

interior space 6*2.7, common living room 16.2 square meters, which had to accommodate four adults (me, mom and my two sisters) in the country, electricity, and this is what I thought about in advance. I made a wind generator, I installed a small battery and bought a 12/220 volt converter. The power of such a power plant was very small, because the wind turbine was small and was an irregular dean, also very low. But alone energy saving light bulbs sometimes that's enough.

All in all, it was a painful start, but a week into this construction, we moved into this period. The transfer took place on October 2, the same day as my sister’s birthday.

In the fall the woods were ready for the winter and a porch was added to the house.

The house is insulated externally with a vapor barrier, covered with film and internal shiny insulation. As a result, in the first winter we found out.

Winter in the country

In winter we were already at home with wind power for every 150 watts, there was enough electricity for lights and sometimes on TV, just as the wind was very weak and there was not enough battery power, but I saved everything for improvement, including the power plant.

I described everything about the plant in the section “My little adventures”,

Therefore, winter lived in such spartan conditions. My sister and I worked, paid in the spring, having accepted a loan 3 years ago, and at the beginning of the summer a new loan appeared, which spent the money on small items and bought a Chinese engine (110ss) to kill a tree, I went to him for a trailer trailer.

We bought a chain saw and two solar panels. up to 100 watts, so they were buying new batteries for the power plant until March.

In the summer, the porch was covered with luminous insulation so that it would not overheat in the sun, and solar panels were installed on the wall.

Even the lights on the street and in the house repeated the wiring.

Solar panels

In the summer, the wood was prepared for the entire year, and the motorcycle made 35 trips from nearby forest stands.

So I bought corrugated cardboard, wood, cement, and I put a new corrugated panel fence on the front.

Wood collection

At the same time, I poured a concrete pad under the base of the future of our house.

There was no swimming under the foundation, it simply grew and leveled the surface and spilled a 40 cm wide strip around the perimeter of the house.

How to build a house in Dachau: characteristics and construction phases

The thickness of the concrete is 10-15 cm. Below the photo are parts of the concrete. This is how we lived in the fall, photo after the rain, there was a bit of a mess outside as I searched and twisted the jars under the winter potatoes.

Life in the country

Life in the country

In addition, 11 meters were excavated in Dachau, I dug it myself, I was in a hurry for almost a month and poured concrete with concrete, but I finished it.

So, the tile broke through. He dug a basement on the site of the future house, filled the basement with concrete, and then made a hatch into the roof. Small details were done on details, but I will not list all the little things, only the important ones. I wrote about the break here - Well, with my job 2.

Fine

This year, at the beginning of spring, I took 7 plate cubes, bought ruins and cement and started with the main overflow.

The bottom part of the photo is the preparation of the irrigation panels. Last year the center of the concrete base under the furnace was flooded.

Foundation formwork

After installing the panel panels around the perimeter, he reinforced with 10mm cast in two threads.

Then I invested in concrete and ended up like this.

Filling the foundation

The panel was attached with 6mm hex pins and once ejected it was easy to remove and remove the shell.

Filling the foundation

Then build the wall frame. The dimensions of the house are 6.30 * 10.80 m. The skeleton was placed alone, sometimes the truth helped the sister give or save something. All this has turned him into screws that pull themselves. bottom and top, then he used a homemade galvanized sheet metal plate.

DIY decorated house

DIY decorated house

DIY decorated house

DIY decorated house

Currently, the money for further construction has been completed.

Now you need to make money from corrugated cardboard and place a frame around the roof.

Continuation - second part of the frame

A house on a plot of land is simply necessary, because a dacha is not only a vegetable garden, but also a place for relaxation, and there will always be somewhere to hide from bad weather. As a rule, the design of such houses is not particularly complex, so even beginners in the construction business will not have any problems. Read more about how to make a country house with your own hands in this article.

Choosing the type of house taking into account the budget

The budget for an upcoming construction project is not always unlimited; quite often, financing for the construction of a country house is carried out on a residual basis, but even in this case, you can choose a good option.

The following types of houses in summer cottages can be distinguished:

• capital (made of natural stone, brick or wood);

• small houses, usually made of wood - frame construction technology is used;
• country houses from block containers - almost ready-made structures;
• houses for children stand apart - it’s more of a combination playground and a small gazebo.

At the same time, the time and financial costs of building a small house will be comparable to the costs of building a medium-sized barn. And application modern technologies will reduce construction time to a minimum.

Start of construction

In the case of using frame construction technology, the entire process can be divided into separate stages:

• foundation installation;
• device bottom trim ;
• securing frame elements– racks and braces, installation of joists, if necessary, assembly of the second floor frame;
• wall cladding;
• creating a roof frame and covering it;
• laying roofing elements, interior decoration at home, protecting wood from climate influences.

None of the listed operations require special skills, so anyone can build a house in the country with their own hands.

What should the foundation be?

There is simply no alternative to a reinforced strip foundation for a brick house. But if wood is used, then the main task of the foundation will be not so much to carry a heavy load, but to raise the house above ground level.

Therefore, with frame construction technology, they often make do with concrete or brick pillars (pile foundation), the top of which is 30–50 cm from the ground. It is important that the tops of the pillars are in the same plane. This is an inexpensive option, especially compared to .

The basement is built from brick after the construction of the house itself. It is not recommended to make it continuous; this will lead to the fact that moisture from under the house will evaporate very slowly.

Pay attention!
In the area that the foundation will occupy, you need to remove the plant layer of soil and replace it with sand.
Thanks to this, water will not stagnate under the house and the wood will not rot.

Bottom harness

This is the basis for the future floor and support for the wall frame. It is assembled from 10x15 cm beams and attached directly to the foundation.

Advice!
It is undesirable to connect the beams end-to-end in the corners - this will not provide the necessary rigidity.
It is recommended to use a connection using cutting, which is additionally reinforced with self-tapping screws or an anchor.

Sometimes, during the laying process, reinforcing bars (10-15 cm) are left in the foundation itself, onto which the framing bars are then simply placed. This method of fastening can be considered optimal in terms of rigidity and strength of the connection.

Frame for walls

At the planning stage, the main attention should be paid to developing the frame of the structure. You can prepare drawings of a country house with your own hands, or you can choose a suitable option on our website.

The main element of the frame is a vertical post, rigidly connected to the upper and lower trim. You can attach it to the strapping beams either using metal corners, or select a groove in the strapping beam and simply insert the stand into it.

The corner connection is less rigid, so it is advisable to use it only in small houses. If the structure is large enough, then these 2 methods can be combined.

To ensure that the racks do not warp during the assembly process (while they are fixed only in the lower part), they are additionally fixed with temporary braces in the form of ordinary strips. Permanent braces are installed only after work on the top trim is completed.

Pay attention!
The holes in the top rails must be located exactly above the holes in the bottom rail.
A displacement of even a couple of centimeters will cause the frame racks to bend.

When assembling the frame, you need to remember about window and door openings. The main rule is that the load from the structure should not be transferred to (so as not to warp it). Therefore, openings are always made wider than the window or door itself. The cracks then simply foam and disappear behind the platbands.

In the corners of the house, for greater strength of the frame, you can install not frame slats, but beams with a section of 10x10 or 10x15 cm. Grooves are drilled in the end of the beam and in the trim into which a wooden cylinder is inserted. Additionally, the connection is fixed metal corners. In general, when assembling the frame, each connection can be strengthened with corners, but in this case the cost of construction will increase.

In parallel with assembling the frame for the walls, you need to start building the floor.

In frame construction, there are 2 options for flooring:

• when grooves are selected in the strapping bars and logs are attached to them. Reduces the load-bearing capacity of beams, suitable only for small construction sites;
• when the logs are assembled into one whole (it turns out to be a kind of box), then it is laid on top of the strapping and attached to it with self-tapping screws.

If you plan to build a do-it-yourself cottage for your dacha for winter living, then you need to insulate the floor. For this purpose, ordinary polystyrene foam is suitable, which is simply placed in the spaces between the lags. The gaps formed after installation can simply be foamed with polyurethane foam.

Installation of the top trim and wall covering

The instructions for installing the top trim contain the same points as when installing the bottom trim. After completing its installation, you can remove the temporary braces and finally strengthen the wall frame with permanent braces.

After this, selections are made in the beams of the upper trim for the joists for the installation of the ceiling. If desired, these logs can not be hidden, but rather turned into an interior detail. The joists should extend slightly beyond the walls; this will be needed when installing the rafters.

As for wall cladding, you can use regular boards, lining or siding for this - the choice depends more on the budget. But regardless of the material chosen for cladding, the walls need to be insulated, especially since the price of insulation is not so high.

To do this, insulation, for example, mineral wool, is simply inserted between the frame posts. Then a special film is fixed on the outside with a stapler (it allows moisture to pass in one direction), and sheathing strips are placed on top of it. And only after this the framing of the frame begins.

Roof frame construction

The simplest and cheapest option is a flat roof. In this case, it is enough to simply maintain the required slope at the stage of assembling the wall frame. But the classic gable roof is much more common.

The rafter system is selected depending on the size of the house. So, for a small building you can use a hanging system. In this case, the rafter legs rest only on the walls or on the logs.

A layered system will be needed if the house has internal load-bearing walls - additional supports are installed to prevent the rafters from sagging.

A sheathing (solid or lattice) is placed on top of the rafters and a waterproofing carpet is laid out. After this, all that remains is to secure slate, tiles or any other covering to the slopes.

Children's country houses

They are a combination of a small house and a playground. Therefore, the main requirement here is the presence of imagination among parents. You can build a house for a child in your country house with your own hands in just 1-2 days.

When working on the design of such a structure, you can use the following tips:

• you can make it 2-story, and place, for example, a sandbox on the lower floor;
• a slide adjacent to the house would not be out of place;
• an external staircase to the second floor is required;
• you can equip it with a “warehouse” for toys (shovels, buckets, etc.).

A child, of course, will not live in such a house. The main purpose of the “new building” is to have fun with friends.

Block containers as a country house

Standard cargo containers can be used, unless, of course, the elongated shape of the future “house” bothers you. If you wish, you can cut out the side walls with a grinder, arm yourself with a welding machine and use the container frame as the basis for the house. Welding will require electricity, but renting a diesel generator for your dacha will solve this problem.

Summing up

A house is an integral component of any dacha plot; in fact, this is exactly what distinguishes a dacha from a simple vegetable garden. small house on a plot of land will require a minimum of time and financial costs, but will make outdoor recreation unforgettable and will become a cozy corner for all family and friends.

In the video presented in this article you will find additional information on this topic.

Lovers of nature and country life who did not have time to acquire at least a 6 by 6 frame garden house , but those who have a plot of land usually dream of at least some kind of shelter in their possessions. Making a home with my own hands scares most citizens. But in vain. Today you can find a sea of ​​information about step-by-step construction from experienced craftsmen. It will not only give you confidence, relieving you of worries and fears. Using the recommendations of professionals, you can carry out all the necessary manipulations competently and in the proper order, significantly saving on hiring a work team.

Of course, it’s a good idea to use the services of specialists. They guarantee (most often) quality, and the construction time will be noticeably reduced. But if the budget is limited and you want, or have a desire to try yourself in such an interesting business, nothing prevents you from rolling up your sleeves and building a garden house cheaply. An additional bonus is that for yourself everything is usually done exactly as you imagine and dream. Sometimes it can be difficult to explain your vision to hired employees.

Then the walls are assembled from the timber, fastening the joints with dowels. It is laid between the crowns. In general, insulation is desirable for each next layer. For an economy class home, they usually use a tourniquet or tow. Next, work begins on.

Roof

For rafters, a board with a cross-section of 150x25 or 100x50 mm is used. You will also need roofing felt with glassine. To make the task easier, racks measuring one and a half meters are placed in the center of the building, and a beam is attached to them. On the resulting structure are located.

Installing the roof of a one-story garden house on a frame can take only one day. The type of specific roofing material is selected individually, according to your own capabilities and taste. We must not forget about the climate characteristics of the area where the future homeowner lives. Sheets of ordinary galvanized iron are often used.

Finishing

Using glassine

The finished frame must be covered with glassine, and only the selected finishing material is mounted on it. It can be different, in accordance with the budget and preferences of the owner. Looks great, which is attached with self-tapping screws.

One-story frame garden houses, trimmed on the outside with wooden clapboard or. Both wooden and plastic windows are well suited to the resulting structure. Doors made of wood or an imitation of this material will look natural. indoors can also be covered. Or you can cover them with plasterboard, which is then covered with paint or wallpaper. The floor is made of planks.

Approximate cost

Garden house projects

Results

Neat frame garden house , made with your own caring hands, it is convenient to use for permanent or temporary residence. It is spacious enough to store equipment and household supplies.

It has enough space to receive and accommodate guests. And if in the future it is planned to build grandiose building, then it can become the place of residence and base for an entire construction team.

It’s not that difficult to build a small 4x6 garden house with your own hands, without involving workers. The main thing is a responsible attitude towards construction, attention and patience. And, of course, strict adherence to recommendations and compliance with requirements. And very soon your plot of land will be transformed and take on the appearance of a real home.

The dream of many city dwellers is a beautiful small house outside the city, where they can escape from the hustle and bustle of the city, hide from the heat, and feel the pleasant freshness of the earth under their feet instead of hot asphalt. But not everyone gets these dreams real embodiment, it seems that a country house is complicated, expensive, and time-consuming. In fact, building a country house with your own hands is quite simple.

Planning the space

Choosing a location for a future country house is not the time for hasty decisions, because there is not that much space. Thoughtful, competent planning will help you use every piece of land as efficiently as possible. Even though this is your land, you will have to fulfill a number of requirements, maintaining a minimum distance:

• from the street – 5 m
• from the passage – 3 m
• from the neighboring plot - 3 m

We are not considering the option with a low area - water will accumulate there. Optimally, the highest place on the site is in its northern (northwestern) part.

Projects of small country houses

Considering standard projects country houses, it is easy to see that the undisputed favorite is a one-story building with an attic. This is a time-tested option for a country house, but you can dispense with the utility unit, because equipment and household supplies can be stored in the attic.

You can add a terrace to the house - in summer it can be used as a dining room. Two-story country houses often obtained without actually constructing a “clean” second floor, having arranged instead attic. Then on the ground floor you can plan a kitchen and living room, and the second floor - for the personal space (bedrooms) of the owners.

Advice! You can save significantly on the heating system - even at the most modest prices for installing a classic one (boiler, pipes and radiators) accounts for 15-20% of the total budget. If you are building a small country house with your own hands, where you plan to live only during the “season” (late spring - early autumn), then to heat it in bad weather, you can get by with electric or infrared heaters.

Prefabricated country houses are becoming very popular - unpretentious, outwardly monotonous parallelepipeds with roof changed interesting ones architectural plan buildings, with an improved layout, one or two floors.

You are buying a kind of construction kit; such a country house can be easily erected with only basic knowledge about construction. The main thing is that it already includes all the systems - electrical wiring, ventilation, air conditioning, plumbing. This will help avoid many mistakes that beginners make when they decide to build a country house with their own hands.

A prefabricated country house is designed for a long holiday with family or friends; it is larger in area, can be one or two floors, with an improved layout. This house is equipped technical room, kitchen, rest rooms and bathroom, equipped with a heating, ventilation, air conditioning system, and supplied with electricity.

The house can be equipped with a water heater, sink, countertop, hanging shelves, shower cabin, necessary plumbing. After installing such a country house, no additional repair work is required; it is completely ready for use.

Laying the foundation

The choice of foundation type is directly related to the choice of material from which the house will be built, as well as the number of storeys. Light houses (from rounded wood, timber, frame houses and modular) can be erected on a columnar or screw foundation; heavy (brick, aerated concrete, stone, concrete blocks) and two-story houses will require the laying of a strip foundation (as an option - a prefabricated one, made of reinforced concrete blocks) along the entire perimeter and under the load-bearing walls of the house.

It is important to know the depth of soil freezing - the foundation should be laid below this level, taking into account the level at which groundwater lies.

In the basement part it is required to install waterproofing at a level of 0.2-0.5 m from the ground. If the soil is dry enough (sand), a cement-sand screed 2-4 cm thick can be used as a screed. For wet soil, roofing material will need to be laid on top of such a screed - in two layers. As an option, roofing felt can be glued onto a dry screed using hot mastic. Waterproofing is installed below the expected level of laying the floor beams.

Advice! In the basement, to ensure ventilation of the subfloor, small holes are made, which are covered with a protective mesh.

A blind area is created around the base, its width is at least 70 cm (it should protrude further than the overhang of the cornice), with a slight slope directed from the walls of the house. To do this, the top layer of earth is removed, clay (sand) is poured, a layer of crushed stone (gravel, broken brick) is poured on top of it and filled with concrete (rolled with asphalt).

Floor and walls

Flooring begins with laying joists. To insulate the floor, insulation is laid between the joists, on top of which a vapor barrier is laid. It is attached to the joists with a stapler, and the joints are taped. Then the subfloor is laid, for which they use an unedged, cheapest board, having previously treated it with an agent against dampness and rot. And only then the finished floor is laid out. IN two-story house The frame for the floor on the second floor is the ceiling beams of the first.