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The hardships of fate
Monroe never knew her father and sometimes assumed that her father was Clark Gable. However, there is no evidence that her mother Gladys and Clark knew each other or ever met. Monroe's mother suffered from mental illness and was eventually institutionalized.
At age seven, Monroe experienced life in foster care, where she was sexually abused several times; According to her, she was raped at age eleven. As an adult, Monroe claimed that one of her earliest memories of her mother was her mother trying to smother her with a pillow in her childhood bed. Monroe had a half-sister with whom she was not close; they saw each other no more than six times. The child spent most of his time in a foster family and in an orphanage.
Monroe was cared for by the Goddard family for some time. The couple was deeply religious and adhered to fundamental doctrines, among other prohibitions, the girl was also forbidden to go to the movies. In 1942, the couple was forced to move to the East Coast, but could not afford to take Monroe with them. The girl had to return to the shelter again.
First marriage
Marriage seemed like a good solution to life's problems, and she married merchant seaman Jimmy Dougherty at the age of 16. She was expelled from school at the age of 15. The sailor was sent to the South Pacific, and Monroe went to work at a munitions factory in Van Nuys.
The girl had to work at a military factory in order to somehow feed herself. Fate favored her and she was noticed by a photographer who was looking for images of home front workers to maintain the morale of soldiers at the front. This is how Norma Jeane became a fashion model.
The sailor returned only in 1946 and did not find his wife Norma, a factory worker, she no longer existed, but a fashion model appeared who dreamed of becoming an actress. Like Jean Harlow and Lana Turner.
Career success
The photographer apparently knew what the soldiers lacked and risky photographs of the model became very popular, but in another war - in Korea. The Army publication Stars & Stripes awarded her the title of “Miss Cheesecake 1951.” True, at that time she had already taken the stage name Marilyn Monroe.
Monroe thanked her military fans when she interrupted her honeymoon with her second husband and came to provide moral support to the troops in Korea in February 1954. She and DiMaggio had just arrived in Japan for their honeymoon when she was asked to perform for the military, which she did, much to the dismay of her new husband. Her performance on stage in a purple, sparkling dress was a resounding success. She held ten concerts in four days, despite the frost.
Monroe developed pneumonia, but as she herself noted: “It was the best thing that ever happened to me. I have never felt like a star in my heart before.” Striving for a career in the film industry, Monroe worked hard, took stage acting lessons, and tried to get into the lives of the characters she played in films.
To believably play the role of a cannery worker, she spent some time chopping off the heads of fish on a conveyor belt. Sure, Monroe didn't experience overnight success, but she was always ready to celebrate her career.
At one point she said: “If one hundred percent of the movie studios told me that I couldn’t make it to the top, I wouldn’t believe them.” In 1956, Monroe was a witness in the trial of playwright Arthur Miller, who was involved in the communist movement. For refusing to expose his associates, he faced a prison sentence.
Monroe supported Miller despite the danger of ruining her career. Her public support likely helped him avoid a prison sentence. Probably to save him from the sentence, she even agreed to marry him. She married Miller twice: first in a civil ceremony and then in a Jewish one, for which she had to convert to Judaism. Her relationship with Miller, which ended in divorce in 1961, was not the only thing that drew her into big politics.
With her former roommate, Shelley Winter, she attended rallies against violations of rights and freedoms. Monroe was even planning to go to Soviet Union. The trip did not take place, but the FBI opened a file on the artist. In 1960, Merlin was elected as an alternate delegate to the Connecticut Democratic Convention. She supported the Hollywood division of the Committee for Sound Nuclear Policy. “My nightmare is a hydrogen bomb. “What is yours,” is Monroe’s question to reporters.
Fears and illnesses
Throughout his short life, Monroe was haunted by the fear of losing his sanity. She took pills, slept poorly, lost weight, and therefore reacted poorly when she found herself in a closed room with soft walls. Merlin tried to escape, broke the window and threatened to cut herself with a piece of glass. Bad behavior led her to another form of detention.
She wrote to her acting teachers, Lee and Paula Strasberg, but they were unable to release her. Only ex-husband, DiMaggio, promising to tear the hospital apart and bring negative publicity to the institution, was able to get Monroe transferred to Columbia Presbyterian Hospital. There she received care and treatment in a separate room. The stay in the hospital was not long, but her health was severely compromised. The actress suffered from stones in gallbladder, and her drug addiction was so severe that her makeup was applied while she was still sleeping under the influence of barbiturates.
Monroe did a lot of charity work and did not ignore the problems of those in need. She was especially generous to children, recalling her childhood in the orphanage and in foster families. Monroe only got his own home on last year life, and she had surprisingly little other property.
What little she valued was an autographed photograph of Albert Einstein: With respect and love and gratitude to Marilyn. “She became a victim of idiots and sensationalism” - Sir Laurence Olivier.
Death of an actress
On August 5, 1962, at just 36 years old, Marilyn Monroe died at her home in Los Angeles. An empty bottle of sleeping pills was found near her bed. The official cause of death was ruled a drug overdose. There were rumors that her death was related to President Kennedy and/or his brother Robert.
Films starring Monroe have grossed more than $200 million. Today, she is still considered one of the most popular symbols of sex appeal and beauty, and she is remembered for her quirky sense of humor and cunning wit: she was once asked by a reporter what she wears to bed, when she sleeps? She replied: “Chanel Number 5.”
Monroe was buried in her favorite Emilio Pucci dress in the so-called “Cadillac Coffin,” the highest quality coffin made of solid solid bronze trimmed with champagne-colored silk. Lee Strasberg gave a brief eulogy to a small group of friends and family. Hugh Hefner bought the crypt next to Monroe, and Marilyn's ex-husband, Joe DiMaggio, paid for the delivery of flowers to the grave for the next 20 years.
Some aspects of Monroe's story, such as her reputation as a "mute blonde" with little to offer audiences other than her sex appeal, and debate over whether her death was a suicide, an accidental overdose, or something more sinister. These facts often overshadowed everything else. I would like the image of a real woman and her tragic fate to emerge from the fiction and gossip.
Movie star Marilyn Monroe still remains a sex symbol and a standard of beauty for millions of viewers, and her name is a popular brand. But psychologists have not come to a consensus on the question of the magical influence of her mysterious personality on people.
The biography of the actress clearly shows that behind the beautiful “shell” was hidden the disfigured life of Norma Jeane Baker Mortenson (1926 - 1962). There is no escape from the hereditary factor. Norma's grandparents suffered from severe mental illness. The grandfather hanged himself, and the grandmother died in a psychiatric hospital. Their daughter, the film star’s mother, also spent almost her entire life in mental hospitals, being a “severe hysteric.” Norma's father is rumored to have been a Norwegian adventurer who crashed on a motorcycle when he was young. He never saw his daughter.
Starting from two weeks of age, the girl is handed over to adoptive parents, who changed with her several times until she reached adulthood. Taking advantage of the child’s defenselessness, other people’s “dads” more than once satisfied their perverted lust with him. Marilyn did not remember when she was first raped - either at 6 years old or at 9.
By the age of 15, Norma Baker had become the epitome of a typical nymphet. She was constantly harassed by men, but she only became disappointed in them. In her first marriage, which took place at the age of 16, she tried to poison herself.
All her life, Monroe was looking for a man-father who could truly love her, but she never found one. I couldn’t give birth either, I had too many abortions. Self-doubt, extreme immaturity, and senseless whims made her unbearable for both her male acquaintances and her employers.
The main phobia of the movie star was the panicky fear of going crazy.
Many noted her extreme vulnerability (she often cried for no reason) and her penchant for exhibitionism (she loved to undress in front of any public and almost never wore underwear). The horror of the situation also lay in the fact that the beautiful Marilyn was absolutely frigid. She herself and her many men spoke about this.
Marilyn's psyche was constantly in a borderline state. Until the age of 19, she twice resorted to suicide attempts: she poisoned herself with gas, swallowed sleeping pills. Over time, the actress became addicted to sleeping pills and drugs.
Since about 1954, Monroe existed in complete chaos: her rooms were littered with scattered clothes, shoes and cosmetic bags, things were sticking out of suitcases and closets. At night she called friends, afraid of loneliness. Her love for animals also became pathological.
Once in a psychiatric hospital, Marilyn was locked in a room with bars, deprived of all personal belongings and the opportunity to communicate with anyone. Such harsh therapy worsened chronic depression. The movie star banged her head against the walls and howled, then stripped naked and tried to jump out of the window. Monroe was calmed down only by putting her in a straitjacket.
In 1956, critics wrote: "Monroe's suffering and whims can make a good movie with excellent acting." This phrase refers to the filming of the film “Bus Stop,” where her personal psychiatrist was constantly next to the actress.
During the filming of The Misfits in 1960, Marilyn swallowed up to 20 sleeping pills during the day, washing them down with champagne or vodka. She was often made up while sleeping.
After the premiere, she again ended up in the institution where her mother died. The treatment did not bring relief, and the actress again fell into her loneliness.
At the beginning of 1961, Marilyn developed a persistent addiction to sleeping pills and drugs - this was known to everyone. Psychiatrists who treated the actress for depression diagnosed her with symptoms of paranoia and schizophrenia. Psychoanalyst Anna Freud, daughter of the great Sigmund Freud, after a session, diagnosed Marilyn with a hysterical and depressive personality type. The famous English actor Laurence Olivier openly called Monroe a schizophrenic.
The tragic death of the movie star is still shrouded in mystery. Some biographers believe that there was a targeted suicide. Others say the cause of death was an accidental overdose. Still others are sure it was murder. Marilyn allegedly took about 40 sleeping pills, and it was found in her blood, but there was nothing in her stomach.
During this period, Marilyn was in a love affair with the Kennedy brothers, who had reached their political heights. She understood perfectly well that her younger brother, Robert, would also leave her. What really happened that evening on August 4, 1962 is difficult to understand today. It is only known that Marilyn Monroe was found dead a few hours before a press conference at which the actress was going to talk about her conversations with Senator Robert Kennedy.
It is unclear how she even managed to live for 36 years with such mental disorders! Recently, Monroe was in constant depression; she covered the windows with light-proof curtains, did not wash or comb her hair. In addition, she was tormented by insomnia. Psychiatrists are confident that repeated suicide attempts almost always lead to suicide. In any case, people like Norma Baker don't live long.
Some researchers of the actress’s fate believe that without severe heredity and a “bouquet” of mental disorders, she would not have become the Marilyn Monroe who is still adored by millions. Just as alcoholism is considered an “occupational disease” of writers, so hysterical personality disorder is often an “occupational disease” of talented actors. Marilyn Monroe could not be cured with antidepressants. Only death could stop her crazy career...
Marilyn's real illness was no secret to anyone. Nor was she a vice: Monroe s youth suffered from insomnia.
She herself, in an interview in 1959, spoke about the reasons for this: everything rested on her orphan childhood. “I'm painfully afraid of the dark. I don't feel safe being in the dark. At the orphanage, people came and went at night. When the sun rose, some children were not there. Since then I have never felt safe at night. It’s as if I’m afraid that they might take me away and no one will notice.”
During her week-long stay at Los Angeles' Westside Hospital, Dr. Greenson diagnosed his patient with nervous breakdown" In his opinion, the use of sleeping pills was completely useless, since it did not treat the cause of the disease. Therefore, before releasing Marilyn to finish filming the John Huston film, the psychiatrist developed a clear plan of action with her. If Blonde wanted to improve her sleep, she first had to completely stop using barbiturate-based medications. According to Greenson, this was quite possible if one followed the advice of another doctor, who made the withdrawal process easier. Naturally, provided that the actress agrees with the treatment program and follows it with precision.
The doctor considered the use of another medicine to be another remedy that could help her. And precisely the synthetic sleeping pill, chloral hydrate, very popular in the sixties. Since this drug has proven itself to be easy to use and not highly addictive, it was considered by many to be a panacea, an ideal remedy that can reduce drug addiction.
Dr. Hyman Engelberg, who had been observing Monroe since 1960, worked with Greenson. The latter wanted to plunge into the darkness of Marilyn’s subconscious, and at the same time, Engelberg had to inject her with chloral hydrate as often as possible, each time reducing the dose. Over time, this drug was supposed to replace Nembutal, and then completely displace it.
Understanding the importance of treatment, Marilyn became a patient patient. She was confident of success and pleased that she could finally find a way out of one of her worst troubles. Since for the first time the doctor decided to treat directly the causes of her illness, she agreed to play this game.
In a letter to her friend Paula Strasberg, the actress highly praised her therapist: “He is my savior, my ally in the fight against the rest of the world.” Even George Cukor admitted in 1979 that Greenson was the only doctor who did not harm Marilyn. And he confirmed, as did the star’s entourage, that Marilyn really obeyed him.
1962 was quite a difficult year from a psychological and medical point of view.
In order to return to the big screen, the actress began to torture herself. Deciding to lose weight, she lowered daily consumption food up to six hundred calories. Limiting herself in everything, she lost twelve kilograms in the two months that preceded the resumption of filming of the film “ Something's about to happen" This took a huge toll on her body.
As if this physical ordeal wasn't enough, Marilyn had to battle a severe throat infection in the spring. The disease was complicated by the fact that she ate almost nothing. During this period, Dr. Hyman Engelberg began to visit her much more often. But not in order to give injections of chloral hydrate, since Marilyn, sick and exhausted from starvation, showed signs of anemia, but in order to “get her back on her feet”! And he found a means for this - Angelberg's accounts confirm this. We are talking about a procedure that has been known since 1926 and is very unpleasant: injections of an extract from the liver, which were supposed to compensate for the lack of vitamin B 12. (Two weeks before her death, Marilyn was forced to interrupt a conversation with a journalist from " Life" to give an injection.)
Needless to say, the pleasure is below average, but she went for it.
On film set Cukor's film Marilyn Monroe also took several " hot shots” in order to, thanks to this mixture based on amphetamines and vitamins, cope with the numerous takes that the director required.
But Greenson and Angelberg saw the main reason in something completely different.
Although sleep deprivation was still a major problem, the situation had improved somewhat. This happened, in particular, thanks to the purchase of real estate. Dr. Greenson insisted that Marilyn buy a place of her own because the psychiatrist was confident that a strong attachment to one place would reduce her night terrors.
Combined with numerous therapy sessions, this really helped. By the way, as an analysis of her telephone bills showed, Marilyn began to call less and less after midnight. But the telephone was her antidote for a long time. Without hanging up until dawn, she, calmed by a cheerful voice, waited for sleep to come unnoticed.
So, there are very real prospects for recovery. In addition, there was a lull on other medical fronts, because in the summer of 1962, Marilyn managed to free herself from addiction.
And this is the main thing.
Monroe was no longer under the influence of barbiturates at the time of her death, and the second pillar of the suicide theory collapsed on its own.
Uncovering Monroe's secret became more and more like putting together a puzzle when the end result is unknown in advance. And this time he appeared new element, even more amazing. This element was buried where it was least expected to be found.
On August 17, 1962, two weeks after the star's death, Dr. Theodore Curphy reported the findings of an investigation carried out by the Suicide Prevention Group. The document ended with words that could become the official explanation: “Possible suicide.”
But what caught my attention was another part of the report, one that was not as widely reported in the media. A long passage describing the phases of treatment carried out by Doctors Greenson and Engelberg. It stated that "one of the main goals of psychiatric treatment was to reduce the patient's medication use." L further states: “These efforts were partially successful within last months» .
Partially successful...
Lost in the labyrinth of forensic terminology, this phrase takes on even more meaning when combined with the lines that follow: “(Marilyn) followed her doctor’s instructions regarding the use of medications. The amount of drugs found in her home at the time of death was quite reasonable."
I don’t want to believe at all that the word drugs or drug addict is associated with the bright, romantic and intriguing image of Marilyn Monroe. Yes, unfortunately, it was just a stage image of an ordinary woman from Los Angeles. The difficult fate of the actress and fashion model took its toll.
Almost all her life, Monroe drank powerful sedatives and sleeping pills, which contained barbiturate drugs.
Barbiturates are medicinal substances used in the mid-20th century as sedatives and sleeping pills. Barbiturates have anticonvulsant and narcotic effects. Due to their long-term use, psychological and physical dependence. Currently, doctors have replaced barbiturates with safer substances.
Since 1955, Marilyn Monroe could no longer cope without using additional means, otherwise, drugs. Before going to bed, she took sleeping pills, and in the mornings, stimulants, combining them with alcohol.
According to one version of the death of the famous actress, she died on August 5, 1962, and the cause was precisely “pharmacy drugs.”
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The death of Hollywood celebrity Marilyn Monroe is shrouded in a thick fog of mystery and conspiracy theories. According to official data, the actress died on August 5, 1962 at her home in California from a drug overdose. But was it really so?
Today we will not plunge into the dark abyss of conspiracy theories, which are undoubtedly worth attention. We will look at no less fascinating and even shocking facts about the death of a celebrity.
According to the pathologist's report, Monroe died from an overdose of pentobarbital.
Pentobarbital is a hypnotic drug that is now used in euthanasia. However, no traces of the substance were found during the autopsy. The doctor explained this by saying that the drug was absorbed in the body of a drug addict much faster than in an ordinary person.
On that ill-fated night, Marilyn's governess was washing her bed linen.
Upon arriving at the scene of death, police sergeant Jack Clemmons met housekeeper Eunice Murray, who was doing the laundry. The policeman noted that she was acting strangely and was evasive in her testimony. This gave rise to suspicions that the woman was hiding something.
On the night of her death, Monroe was talking on the phone with her friends and acquaintances
Among them was Peter Lawford, John F. Kennedy's brother-in-law. From his words it becomes clear that Marilyn was under the influence of drugs. Such a discrepancy in the testimony of the witness and the doctor who claims that the body was clean raises terrible suspicions.
Until the 1970s, authorities tried to keep quiet about any conspiracy theories surrounding the star's death
The first to doubt the accidental death of the actress was Norman Mailer. The man suggested that it was the relationship with the US President that led Monroe to a sad end. The critics tore the poor guy to pieces, shutting his mouth.
In 1975, a scandalous article by journalist Anthony Scaduto was published, in which he wrote that Monroe was ordered to be killed by John Kennedy and his brother.
Before her death, Marilyn was in good spirits
From about 7:00 to 7:15 pm, the movie star talked with Joe DiMaggio Jr., who pleased her with the news of his breakup with the girl whom Monroe could not stand. According to the housekeeper, she was happy.
The police were not the first to learn about the death of the actress.
The police arrived at the scene of Marilyn's death after psychiatrist Greenson and doctor Hyman Engelberg visited her home. To the logical question of the law enforcement officers, why the police were notified of the death so late, the gentlemen replied that they were waiting for permission from the studio to disclose information about the incident.
The mysterious case was reviewed again in 1982
Under public pressure, as well as due to a myriad of conspiracy theories, the California Attorney General was forced to reconsider the case of Marilyn's death. The materials took up 29 sheets of text, and it took 3.5 months to review them.
As a result, the prosecutor came to the conclusion that there was no falsification and it was indeed a suicide.
The housekeeper's testimony changed several times
Murray initially told police that she noticed a light in Monroe's room around 3 a.m. and decided to call her psychologist. At 4:25 she called the police. However, according to call transcripts, she called the psychologist around midnight.
Then she slightly changed her testimony regarding the time of death of the mistress of the house. All this makes us think that the witnesses lied and covered up the criminal, whoever he was.
Marilyn was supposed to get married three days after her death
Joe DiMaggio and Marilyn Monroe got married in 1954. However, they were married for less than a year. The marriage broke up, but Joe and Marilyn remained good friends. When the actress was admitted to a psychiatric hospital in 1961, she turned to Joe to get her out of there.
Joe DiMaggio handled his ex-wife's funeral
Di Maggio held a closed funeral, to which he deliberately did not invite Hollywood stars. He believed that it was these people who drove Marilyn to suicide. The star was dressed in a green Emilio Pucci dress, and personal makeup artist Whitey Snyder applied makeup to her face one last time.
Popularity and money not only bring pleasure, they also weigh heavily on their owners. Not every person is able to bear the responsibility that falls on his shoulders. As a result, many become depressed or indulge in all kinds of serious behavior. Marilyn was strong girl, but, as it turned out, not strong enough.
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